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高尿酸的危害,不止痛风那么简单!

2016-08-04 王文龙 医学界风湿免疫频道

高尿酸血症是指空腹时血中尿酸含量男性超过420 mmol/L、女性超过360 mmol/L。很多患者都知道高尿酸血症可以导致痛风,但一直把它当成小病,觉得没有必要治疗。其实,这是因为他们对于高尿酸和痛风更严重的危害知之甚少,下面我们便来介绍一下高尿酸血症和1,痛风石、关节畸形、残疾在痛风的发病过程中,会出现一种坚硬如石的结节,称为“痛风石”。是尿酸钠结晶沉积于软组织,引起慢性炎症及纤维组织增生形成

高尿酸血症是指空腹时血中尿酸含量男性超过420 mmol/L、女性超过360 mmol/L。很多患者都知道高尿酸血症可以导致痛风,但一直把它当成小病,觉得没有必要治疗。其实,这是因为他们对于高尿酸和痛风更严重的危害知之甚少,下面我们便来介绍一下高尿酸血症和


1,痛风石、关节畸形、残疾


在痛风的发病过程中,会出现一种坚硬如石的结节,称为“痛风石”。是尿酸钠结晶沉积于软组织,引起慢性炎症及纤维组织增生形成的结节肿


一般认为,血尿酸在540μmol/L以上时,50%患有痛风石。多见于起病后的某个时期,平均为10年左右。通常是多关节分布,好发于外耳的耳轮、尺骨鹰嘴、指间和掌指关节、指端皮肤、手掌、腕关节、踌趾、踩关节、足背、足底、膝关节等处。在关节附近的骨骼中侵入骨质,形成骨骼畸形,或使骨质遭受损毁,导致关节畸形,影响关节功能,甚至残疾



2,泌尿系结石


因为尿酸主要是通过肾脏来排泄的,而痛风患者已产生的尿酸结晶会沉积在肾及尿路,如输尿管、膀胱,甚至前列腺,形成泥沙样、砂砾状或大的结石。当血尿酸盐浓度大于12mg/dl或尿酸排出量每天大于1100mg时,泌尿系结石就逐步形成了。


很多病友非常肯定的说“我肯定没有肾结石”,其实痛风患者肾结石的发生率较正常人高200倍,为35%~40%。肾结石可以引起肾绞痛,泌尿系梗阻导致肾积水,影响肾脏功能。



3,痛风性肾病、尿毒症


痛风性肾病是由于血尿酸产生过多或排泄减少形成高尿酸血症所致的肾损害。临床表现可有尿酸结石,小分子蛋白尿、水肿、夜尿增多、高血压、尿尿酸升高及肾小管功能损害。


痛风性肾病会逐步影响肾脏功能,甚至发展到尿毒症,需要长期透析治疗,严重影响寿命。




4,高血压、高血糖、高血脂


传统上,我们经常说“三高”,即高血压、高血糖、高血脂,目前认为高尿酸与“三高“也是亲兄弟,目前称为“四高”。再告诉您一个小秘密,对于很多患者来说,尿酸控制好了,血压也容易控制!




5,心血管、脑血管病变


目前研究发现,高尿酸血症是心、脑血管病变的独立危险因素。也就是说,高尿酸可显著增加冠心病、脑卒中等风险,这也是影响患者寿命的重要原因。


在各大指南中,明确提出,对伴有心脑血管病的病人,血尿酸持续大于480μmol/L,即使没有痛风发作,也需积极降尿酸治疗。


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    2016-09-20 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章很好,非常有益

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131751, encodeId=f41b131e5186, content=文章很好,非常有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Sep 20 22:25:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=125567, encodeId=ae8412556e71, content=高尿酸成为第四高,值得关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=163, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160907/IMG57D00CF1965701770.jpg, createdBy=565c1948251, createdName=舒心和人, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 17:29:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1405508, encodeId=a6151405508fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=597b631634d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#止痛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63163, encryptionId=597b631634d, topicName=止痛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8da42553722, createdName=zhangxingru, createdTime=Sat Aug 06 11:22:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1476742, encodeId=686014e6742bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f915102342ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高尿酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102342, encryptionId=f915102342ea, topicName=高尿酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=05f17331078, createdName=ms622625817193301, createdTime=Sat Aug 06 11:22:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-13 舒心和人

    高尿酸成为第四高,值得关注

    0

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