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Neurology:老年人认知和痴呆与阿兹海默病及其他疾病的神经病理变化的关系 

2022-08-03 Naomi MedSci原创

近日,一项发表在Neurology上的研究试图描述关键的神经病理病变及其与老年人死前认知的关联。这些结果强调了非 ADNC 神经病理合并症(主要是 LATE-NC)对老年人认知功能的重要性。

年龄是痴呆的最大危险因素。然而,痴呆症并不普遍,即使在最老的老年人群中也是如此。根据现代神经病理学指南,近日,一项发表在Neurology上的研究试图描述关键的神经病理病变及其与老年人死前认知的关联。

参与者是那些参加了“90 研究”的人,这是一项以人群为基础的纵向研究,对年龄最大的老年人进行老年痴呆症的研究,他们同意进行死后脑部检查。截至2020年12月的所有尸检大脑评估了阿尔茨海默病神经病理变化(ADNC)和非 ADNC 神经病理合并症的患病率。使用多项式 Logit模型和多项式线性回归评估神经病理损伤或总神经病理负担评分(个人评分总和)与认知之间的关系。单独的回归分析评估了边缘优势的年龄相关性 TDP-43脑病(late-NC)与海马硬化症(HS)或 ADNC/原发性年龄相关性脑病(PART)之间的关系。在存在或不存在非 ADNC 神经病理学特征的情况下,评估抵抗,或未能发展 ADNC/PART,以及从高于预期的认知功能推断的恢复能力。

  • 样本中最常见的神经病理学特征(n = 367)是 ADNC/PART 相关。
  • (OR = 1.5[95% CI 1.3.1.7] p < 0.0001) ,β 淀粉样蛋白(OR = 1.6[95% CI 1.2-2.0] p < 0.0001) ,神经原纤维缠结(OR = 2.6[95% CI 1.7-4.1] p < 0.0001)和 LATE-NC (OR = 2.3[95% CI 1.7-3.1] p < 0.0001) ,校正多重比较。
  • 与 LATE-NC 关联(OR = 6.1[95% CI 2.0-18.7] p = 0.002)和无(OR = 5.0[95% CI 2.6-9.7] p < 0.0001)合并 HS 的痴呆,并增加 ADNC 参与者痴呆的几率(OR = 5.0[95% CI 2.7-9.2] p < 0.0001)。
  • 对中度/重度 ADNC/PART 的耐药性很少(3%) ,但对 ADNC/PART 的耐药性则不是(55%)。非 ADNC 合并病变,尤其是 LATE-NC 的复原性较少。
  • 在中度/重度 ADNC/PART 患者中,痴呆几率随着每个非 ADNC 合并病变而增加(例如,1个病变: OR = 2.4[95% CI 1.3-4.5] p < 0.005; 2个病变: OR = 5.9[95% CI 2.8-12.3] p < 0.0001)。 

这些结果强调了非 ADNC 神经病理合并症(主要是 LATE-NC)对老年人认知功能的重要性。考虑到 非ADNC 合并神经病理学异常的累积效应,降低其发病率,特别是 LATENC,对于减少老年人痴呆负担的最终目标至关重要。

文献来源:Montine TJ, Corrada MM, Kawas C, et al. Association of Cognition and Dementia With Neuropathologic Changes of Alzheimer Disease and Other Conditions in the Oldest-Old [published online ahead of print, 2022 Jun 15]. Neurology. 2022;10.1212/WNL.0000000000200832. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000200832

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    2022-10-19 yinhl1978
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    2022-08-02 axin012
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    2022-07-31 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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