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BMJ:面部的带状疱疹,是怎样一种体验——案例报道

2016-08-08 Seven L 译 MedSci原创

患者女,62岁,眼伤伴左侧头痛10天。头痛开始后2天,左侧出现如图所示的皮疹和瘙痒;24小时前左眼疼痛畏光。查体:如图所示,单侧边界清楚的红斑和轻度皮肤水肿,散发结痂病变,一直延伸到发际线。其余部位没有类似病变。眼部检查:右眼和左眼视敏度分别为6/6和6/9;眼球运动未见异常;右眼和左眼眼内压力分别为10 mm Hg和12 mm Hg。左眼角膜透明,没有荧光素染色的污点,但结膜却弥漫性着色。左前室

患者女,62岁,眼伤伴左侧头痛10天。头痛开始后2天,左侧出现如图所示的皮疹和瘙痒;24小时前左眼疼痛畏光。


查体:如图所示,单侧边界清楚的红斑和轻度皮肤水肿,散发结痂病变,一直延伸到发际线。其余部位没有类似病变。

眼部检查:右眼和左眼视敏度分别为6/6和6/9;眼球运动未见异常;右眼和左眼眼内压力分别为10 mmHg和12 mmHg。左眼角膜透明,没有荧光素染色的污点,但结膜却弥漫性着色。左前室裂隙灯检查显示细胞和耀斑1+。扩张眼底镜检查显示玻璃体清晰,眼底健康。右眼部检查未见异常。

基于患者水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)感染史和皮肤疹特征,诊断眼部带状疱疹。如对诊断可疑,可进一步对水泡液进行聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测VZV DNA,这是最敏感和特异的试验。

患者考虑诊断:左眼带状疱疹(HZO)相关性前葡萄膜炎

眼部带状疱疹的眼局部并发症包括:结膜炎、角膜炎、角膜瘢痕、葡萄膜炎、玻璃体、视网膜炎、视网膜坏死性巩膜炎,视神经炎,颅神经病变,眼睑瘢痕形成、眼压升高、白内障、眶尖综合征等。

全身并发症可涉及神经(脑炎、神经炎、脊髓炎)、呼吸(肺炎)、肝(肝炎)、胃肠道(食管炎、胃炎、结肠炎)等多个系统。

单纯的HZO使用口服抗病毒药物(阿昔洛韦、伐昔洛韦或泛昔洛韦)和镇痛药物管理即可。本例患者涉及眼科症状,需要就诊眼科专家。如果患者免疫力低下或有严重的全身性病毒感染可能,则需要住院治疗:静脉抗病毒治疗+支持治疗+监测。

本例患者予以800 mg阿昔洛韦(5次/日)+对乙酰氨基酚和布洛芬镇痛按需治疗,使用0.1%地塞米松局部治疗左眼的色素性视网膜炎。

一周后,她眼部症状得到了解决,左眼视力提高到6/6,皮疹和神经痛也得到改善。六周后治疗结束,没有参与皮肤病变,不过额头偶感麻木,眼底检查也未见异常。

原始出处:

Andrew Malem.Photophobia and a painful rash.BMJ 2016;353:i3221

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    2016-08-09 gaoxiaoe
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    2016-10-13 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章真好,喜欢阅读

    0

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    2016-09-14 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章不错,值得拜读

    0

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    2016-09-14 yskmeyeke

    已读

    0

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    2016-09-14 yskmeyeke

    受教了

    0

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    2016-08-12 吴教授

    治疗上貌似缺少了营养神经的药物。

    0

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    2016-08-12 吴教授

    治疗上貌似缺少了营养神经的药物。

    0

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