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Neurology:多学科讨论:80岁以上脑梗患者应该何时溶栓治疗?

2017-10-16 常路 环球医学

对于卒中患者来说,时间往往就是生命。2017年9月,发表在《Neurology》的一项观察性研究调查了>80岁的急性缺血性卒中(AIS)患者溶栓时间对预后的影响

对于卒中患者来说,时间往往就是生命。2017年9月,发表在《Neurology》的一项观察性研究调查了>80岁的急性缺血性卒中(AIS)患者溶栓时间对预后的影响。请看本期多学科讨论组临床药师各抒己见为您梳理本文看点——

目的:旨在确定卒中患者安全实施治疗(SITS)国际卒中溶栓注册登记研究中,>80岁的AIS患者在3小时内vs 3~4.5小时之间接受IV溶栓(IVT)的结局和风险。

方法:总共14240例(2003~2015年)>80岁的AIS患者在卒中发作后的4.5小时内接受IVT治疗(3558人在3~4.5小时之间)。其中,8658人(2157人在3~4.5小时之间)根据阿替普酶的欧洲产品特性总结(EU SmPC)的标准接受的治疗。结局指标为3个月的功能独立性(改良Rankin量表评分为0~2分)、死亡率、症状性颅内出血(SICH)/SITS。对3~4.5小时之间组与≤3小时组的结果进行了比较。

结果:中位年龄为84岁;61%为女性。3~4.5小时之间组与≤3小时组的中位NIH卒中量表评分分别为12分和14分。3个月的功能独立比例分别为 34%和35%(调整比值比aOR,0.78;95% CI,0.69~0.89;P<0.001);死亡率分别为31%和32%(1.10;0.97~1.25;P=0.13);SICH/SITS分别为2.7%和1.6%(1.72;1.25~2.35;P=0.001)。在依从EU SmPC的患者中,3个月功能独立比例分别为36%和37%(0.79;0.68~0.92;P=0.002);死亡率分别为29%和29.6%(1.10;0.95~1.28;P=0.20);SICH/SITS分别为2.7%和1.6%(1.62;1.12~2.34;P=0.01)。

结论:在这项观察性研究中,未经选择的>80岁患者在3小时后接受IVT治疗比更早接受治疗的SICH率稍高,未调整的功能结局相似,但是调整后的结局较差。组间的绝对差异很小,老年患者不应在没有其他禁忌证的情况下,单独依据年龄否认在稍晚的时间窗内接受IVT。

多学科讨论记实:

AIS最有效的药物治疗仍是超早期内(<4.5 h)给予静脉溶栓。该研究调查了>80岁的AIS患者中3小时内 IVT vs 3~4.5小时治疗的结果和风险差异。研究认为,对于>80岁的AIS患者,溶栓治疗在3小时后会略微影响患者预后,但组间的绝对差异较小。

不过,该研究也存在一些局限性。首先,观察性设计和缺乏无IVT治疗的对照组。各组之间存在一些基线失衡或导致研究结果的偏倚。两组之间的统计学显着性基线差异可能与临床无关,因为它们在1%~3%的范围内不同,并且由于样本量较大而变得具有统计学意义。虽然研究人员进行了多变量分析来调整记录的基线差异,但这并不能解释所有的失衡,也可能过分强调观察到的失衡。其次是缺失数据的程度,特别是3个月的结果数据,约25%的患者缺失数据。 研究人员分析了缺失数据患者的基线和人口统计特征,未发现在稍晚和较早的时间窗之间存在任何重大不平衡,受影响的患者似乎与已知结局的患者相似。然而,这是潜在偏倚的主要来源,需要对调查结果谨慎解读

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    2017-10-20 yinhl1978
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    2017-10-18 lqvr
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    2017-10-18 karmond

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