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Nat Genet:表观遗传变化让远端转移的胰腺癌细胞更具生存优势

2017-01-18 佚名 生物谷

一项多中心研究报告称,对死于胰腺癌的病人肿瘤样本进行的全基因组分析表明DNA上发生的表观遗传修饰能够使一些胰腺癌细胞获得生存优势,据研究人员介绍,这些优势能够让癌细胞在肝脏和肺这样血液供应充足的器官繁荣生长。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Nature Genetics上。癌症转移会让癌症变得非常致命,手术和其他治疗方法无法发现并摧毁每一个癌细胞,对于胰腺癌来说尤为如此,在发生转移之前一般很


一项多中心研究报告称,对死于胰腺癌的病人肿瘤样本进行的全基因组分析表明DNA上发生的表观遗传修饰能够使一些胰腺癌细胞获得生存优势,据研究人员介绍,这些优势能够让癌细胞在肝脏和肺这样血液供应充足的器官繁荣生长。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Nature Genetics上。

癌症转移会让癌症变得非常致命,手术和其他治疗方法无法发现并摧毁每一个癌细胞,对于胰腺癌来说尤为如此,在发生转移之前一般很难检测到肿瘤的存在。

为了更好地理解胰腺癌转移灶的形成,纪念斯隆卡特琳癌症中心的研究人员从8位死于胰腺导管腺癌的病人身上收集了肿瘤组织样本,样本取自原位肿瘤和任何可以检测到的转移肿瘤。研究人员对肿瘤的基因组进行了分析,寻找基因突变和DNA上发生的变化,在另外一篇发表的文章中他们报告称并未发现与癌细胞成功转移有直接关联的基因突变。

随后研究人员又对肿瘤细胞的表观遗传学变化进行了分析,他们表示发生局部扩散的肿瘤中并没有出现显著变化,但是转移到肺和肝脏的远端转移灶以及原位肿瘤中都存在大量表观遗传学变化。研究人员认为其中一个解释可能是:“远端转移灶的形成需要癌细胞沿着血管跨越很长距离最后在一个适宜环境中着陆并开始形成肿瘤,而发生局部转移的癌细胞仅仅突破了原位肿瘤,仍然生存在一个类似的环境中,因此与原位肿瘤更加相似。”

表观遗传变化能够影响基因活性,研究人员根据功能对受到影响的基因进行了归类,观察基因表达的改变是否会对同一个病人体内不同的亚克隆造成特定的结果。分析结果表明许多受到影响的基因都会赋予癌细胞生存优势,比如增强细胞迁移能力或抵抗化疗药物的能力。

为了探索表观遗传变化的原因,研究人员进行了生化分析发现远端转移的肿瘤会比局部转移的肿瘤消耗更多的葡萄糖,远端转移的肿瘤细胞及其祖细胞能够通过戊糖磷酸途径对葡萄糖进行代谢从而促进生长,6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶(PGD)是该途径中一个重要的酶。

研究人员用PGD的一种抑制剂药物6AN处理同一个病人不同转移灶的肿瘤细胞,发现这种药物不会引起局部转移肿瘤细胞的DNA发生表观遗传变化,但是能够逆转远端转移灶肿瘤细胞的表观遗传变化。6AN还可以下调与癌症扩散有关的基因活性,并强力阻止远端转移灶的形成。

研究人员表示还需要进一步理解癌症转移过程中发生的复杂遗传学和生物学变化,他们也在努力研究戊糖磷酸途径的激活如何导致了大量的表观遗传学变化,他们希望这些研究能够帮助开发新药物用于侵袭性癌症的治疗。

原始出处

Oliver G McDonald, Xin Li, Tyler Saunders, Rakel Tryggvadottir.et.al.Epigenomic reprogramming during pancreatic cancer progression links anabolic glucose metabolism to distant metastasis.Nat Genet.2016

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    2017-07-31 cy0324
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    2017-08-13 canlab
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    2017-01-22 liye789132251
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    2017-01-20 yxch36

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