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Diabetes:线粒体去乙酰化酶促进抵抗高脂诱导胰岛素抵抗

2015-05-13 佚名 生物谷

许多研究发现蛋白质高度乙酰化与葡萄糖不耐受和胰岛素抵抗之间具有一定关联性,这表明调节乙酰化修饰组的酶可能在糖代谢的病理学过程中发挥重要作用。近日,来自美国的科学家在国际学术期刊diabetes在线发表了一项最新科研进展,他们发现去乙酰化酶sirt3在促进机体对葡萄糖的处理,增强线粒体功能,改善饮食诱导的胰岛素抵抗方面具有重要作用。   Sirt3是定位于线粒体中的NAD+依赖性去乙酰

许多研究发现蛋白质高度乙酰化与葡萄糖不耐受和胰岛素抵抗之间具有一定关联性,这表明调节乙酰化修饰组的酶可能在糖代谢的病理学过程中发挥重要作用。近日,来自美国的科学家在国际学术期刊diabetes在线发表了一项最新科研进展,他们发现去乙酰化酶sirt3在促进机体对葡萄糖的处理,增强线粒体功能,改善饮食诱导的胰岛素抵抗方面具有重要作用。
 
Sirt3是定位于线粒体中的NAD+依赖性去乙酰化酶,之前有研究发现sirt3在调节能量平衡方面具有重要作用。因此,在该项研究中,研究人员提出重要假设,通过基因删除sirt3造成线粒体蛋白乙酰化修饰水平的紊乱,可能会促进高脂饮食诱导的不良效应。
 
研究人员利用高胰岛素-正葡萄糖钳夹术实验首次发现由于骨骼肌葡萄糖摄取缺陷,导致sirt3缺失小鼠表现出胰岛素抵抗增加。随后,研究人员利用高脂饮食喂养的sirt3敲除小鼠肌肉纤维进行研究发现基于三羧酸循环底物的呼吸作用下降,而基于脂肪酸的呼吸作用增强,这表明细胞发生从以葡萄糖为能源向以脂肪酸为能源的转变。伴随着高脂饮食喂养的sirt3敲除小鼠骨骼肌葡萄糖摄取能力减弱,结合到线粒体的己糖激酶II(HKII)也发生减少,说明HKII活性出现下降。
 
这些结果表明在高脂饮食诱导的小鼠模型中,sirt3缺失会引起胰岛素刺激的骨骼肌葡萄糖摄取能力减弱,导致骨骼肌细胞对脂肪酸的依赖性增加,但在sirt3敲除的瘦小鼠中,胰岛素的作用并未受到损伤。
 
这项研究表明骨骼肌中的去乙酰化酶sirt3对于骨骼肌响应胰岛素作用以及改善高脂饮食诱导的胰岛素抵抗具有重要作用。

原始出处:

Louise Lantier1,2⇑, Ashley S. Williams1, Ian M. Williams1, Karen K. Yang1, Deanna P. Bracy1, Mickael Goelzer1, Freyja D. James1, David Gius3 and David H. Wasserman1,2.SIRT3 is crucial for maintaining skeletal muscle insulin action and protects against severe insulin resistance in high fat fed mice.Diabates, May 6, 2015.doi: 10.2337/db14-1810

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    2015-05-15 pcw111
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    2015-05-13 huaxipanxing

    看看

    0

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对于正在接受治疗的癌症和其他疾病患者来说,细菌感染可引起一些主要问题。在住院期间问题尤为严重,因为此时患者的免疫功能往往变弱。 更复杂的是,缓解或防止感染的抗生素,可能对生活在体内的健康有益菌(主要在肠道内)产生负面影响。如果微生物群——意指栖居于体内的所有微生物——失去平衡,就会使有害细菌处于支配地位,并产生抗生素耐药菌株。 鉴于此,对于澄清“身体如何对抗病原菌而不消灭良性细菌”

Cell:基因编辑选择性消除线粒体突变 为人类疾病带来希望

线粒体疾病是一种母系遗传病,其可造成一系列令人衰弱的疾病,当前没有治愈方法。在发表于4月23日《细胞》(Cell)杂志上的一项研究中,Salk研究所的研究人员报告称首次成功尝试使用基因编辑技术阻止了与多种人类线粒体疾病相关的突变线粒体DNA从小鼠母亲处传递给后代。 领导这一研究的是Salk生物研究所资深教授Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte。Belmonte教授主要从事干

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