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你以为多多摄入膳食纤维对谁都有好处么?错

2015-11-02 MedSci 译 MedSci原创

代谢综合征是包括肥胖、2型糖尿病、高血压、高血糖和腰部赘肉等的一类疾病。若民众惯有代谢综合征中三个以上的疾病,则容易患肝脏和心脏疾病。根据美国心脏协会的调查显示,约20-25%的美国成人患有代谢综合症。 美国卫生研究院支持这一观点,学者们建议民众应在饮食中多添加纤维素性食物,因为高纤维饮食有利于机体健康,改善机体各脏器功能。 然而对某些人群而言,这个建议或许弊大于利。 宾夕法尼亚州立大学的营养科学

代谢综合征是包括肥胖、2型糖尿病、高血压、高血糖和腰部赘肉等的一类疾病。若民众惯有代谢综合征中三个以上的疾病,则容易患肝脏和心脏疾病。根据美国心脏协会的调查显示,约20-25%的美国成人患有代谢综合症。 


美国卫生研究院支持这一观点,学者们建议民众应在饮食中多添加纤维素性食物,因为高纤维饮食有利于机体健康,改善机体各脏器功能。 然而对某些人群而言,这个建议或许弊大于利。
 
宾夕法尼亚州立大学的营养科学副教授Matam Vijay-Kumar认为,民众常常认为植物膳食纤维不含有热量可以多多摄入,这常常是一个错误观点。尽管人类和老鼠都不能消化吸收植物纤维,但是其肠道细菌却对它们进行无氧酵解,然后释放短链脂肪酸,如醋酸。一旦它们进入肝脏,这些化合物将转化为脂质进行堆积,甚至可能导致代谢综合征的出现,尤其当人和小鼠缺乏toll样受体5(TLR5)时,更易出现代谢综合征。

Toll样受体( TLR)是参与非特异性免疫的一类重要蛋白质分子,也是连接非特异性免疫和特异性免疫的桥梁。TLR5可以识别鞭毛蛋白,鞭毛蛋白是目前发现的TLR5的惟一配体。TLR5有助于保持肠道细菌处于正常和平衡状态,避免其出现过度增殖。

约10%的民众出现TLR5基因突变,因此导致TLR5正常功能受限,进而导致民众免疫力降低,因此他们患代谢综合征的风险增加。“我们的研究表明,细菌对膳食纤维无氧酵解后导致短链脂肪酸增多,因此,脂肪在肝脏进行过度堆积,”Vijay Kumar说道,“这将导致肝脏的负担增加,若民众患有肝脏疾病的话则对肝脏有弊无利。” 

短链脂肪酸或许对人们的健康有益,但当肠道细菌长期大量产生短链脂肪酸时则对机体有不利影响。 

10月29日发表在Cell Metabolism杂志上的一篇研究表明,研究人员发现,肠道细菌分解产生的短链脂肪酸会增加肝脏脂质的堆积,这将导致民众罹患非酒精脂肪肝,出现肝损伤。他们还发现,过度摄入膳食纤维的小鼠TLR5功能降低,并会导致肠道细菌过度生长。

原始出处:

Gut bacteria could be blamed for obesity and diabetes,MNT,30,Oct,2015

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42488, encodeId=555542488a5, content=看来都要适量摄入, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=77e41648823, createdName=miaotao, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 12:32:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350289, encodeId=4ace1350289cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 07:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42395, encodeId=d0d242395f0, content=有道理!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=168, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=191d1636362, createdName=wodexinxi, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 08:56:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42365, encodeId=d14b423651d, content=明白了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150830/IMG55E294026A9942981.jpg, createdBy=fa351627501, createdName=惜言, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 21:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42351, encodeId=bc9342351a5, content=受教了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=218, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151019/IMG5624E2925EB643108.jpg, createdBy=ddfd1657548, createdName=玥月, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 17:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-04 miaotao

    看来都要适量摄入

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42488, encodeId=555542488a5, content=看来都要适量摄入, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=77e41648823, createdName=miaotao, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 12:32:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350289, encodeId=4ace1350289cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 07:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42395, encodeId=d0d242395f0, content=有道理!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=168, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=191d1636362, createdName=wodexinxi, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 08:56:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42365, encodeId=d14b423651d, content=明白了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150830/IMG55E294026A9942981.jpg, createdBy=fa351627501, createdName=惜言, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 21:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42351, encodeId=bc9342351a5, content=受教了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=218, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151019/IMG5624E2925EB643108.jpg, createdBy=ddfd1657548, createdName=玥月, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 17:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-04 zhaojie88
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42488, encodeId=555542488a5, content=看来都要适量摄入, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=77e41648823, createdName=miaotao, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 12:32:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350289, encodeId=4ace1350289cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 07:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42395, encodeId=d0d242395f0, content=有道理!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=168, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=191d1636362, createdName=wodexinxi, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 08:56:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42365, encodeId=d14b423651d, content=明白了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150830/IMG55E294026A9942981.jpg, createdBy=fa351627501, createdName=惜言, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 21:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42351, encodeId=bc9342351a5, content=受教了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=218, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151019/IMG5624E2925EB643108.jpg, createdBy=ddfd1657548, createdName=玥月, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 17:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-03 wodexinxi

    有道理!

    0

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    2015-11-02 惜言

    明白了

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42488, encodeId=555542488a5, content=看来都要适量摄入, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=127, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=77e41648823, createdName=miaotao, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 12:32:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350289, encodeId=4ace1350289cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 07:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42395, encodeId=d0d242395f0, content=有道理!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=168, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=191d1636362, createdName=wodexinxi, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 08:56:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42365, encodeId=d14b423651d, content=明白了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150830/IMG55E294026A9942981.jpg, createdBy=fa351627501, createdName=惜言, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 21:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42351, encodeId=bc9342351a5, content=受教了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=218, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151019/IMG5624E2925EB643108.jpg, createdBy=ddfd1657548, createdName=玥月, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 17:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-02 玥月

    受教了

    0

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