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辉瑞/BioNTech新冠疫苗保护期6个月有效率仍达91.3%

2021-04-02 JACKZHAO MedSci原创

辉瑞/BioNTech声明称,其联合开发的新冠疫苗在预防有症状的新冠感染方面非常有效,在接种第二次之后保护期长达六个月。

Pfizer, BioNTech say vaccine protects for 6 months

4月1日,辉瑞和BioNTech联合声明称,二者联合开发的新冠疫苗在预防有症状的新冠感染方面非常有效,在接种第二剂之后保护期长达6个月,有效率仍达91.3%。周四公布的上述结果来自对该疫苗后期试验中志愿者表现的持续评估。

辉瑞和BioNTech说,进一步的分析表明,该疫苗对首次发现于南非的变异株有效。两家公司还称,到目前为止没有发现严重的安全问题。

该项研究共有46307名志愿者参与进行了试验。在927例感染新冠肺炎的受试者中,只有77例接受了辉瑞疫苗,而850例接受了安慰剂。根据最新发布的调查结果,在第二次接种至少六个月后的12000名志愿者中,没有严重的安全隐患。 但确有不少典型的短期副作用,例如疲劳和手臂酸痛。这项研究还表明,该疫苗可有效抵抗一种在南非首次发现的名为B.1.351的病毒变体。研究发现大约800名试验参与者来自南非,其中9名感染了新冠,全部属于安慰剂组。该公司对所有9个被感染者的基因进行了测序,发现其中6个属于B.1.351变体。

声明称,该疫苗对美国CDC定义的严重疾病有效率为100%,而对美国FDA定义的严重COVID-19有效率为95.3%。 还从超过12000名接种疫苗的参与者中收集了来自3期研究的安全性数据,这些参与者在第二次给药后的随访时间至少为六个月,证明了良好的安全性和耐受性。

预计FDA还将在接下来的几天内审查阿斯利康和牛津大学关于他们开发的疫苗的授权申请。FDA和疾病控制与预防中心对“严重疾病”的定义略有不同。根据FDA的定义,有21例严重疾病,其中20例接受了安慰剂。根据该研究,在疾病预防控制中心的定义下,有32名试验参与者罹患了严重疾病,所有这些人都属于安慰剂组。

新数据可能足以使疫苗达到美国FDA设定的完全批准标准。到目前为止,美国所有三种获批的新冠疫苗:辉瑞-BioNTech,Moderna和强生公司-均根据紧急使用授权而不是获得FDA生物制剂的完整许可证分发,因为它们没有长期的安全性和有效性数据。FDA允许公司仅提供两个月的数据,以便在全球紧急情况下可以更快地向公众提供新冠疫苗。 该机构表示,一旦疫苗有至少六个月的往绩记录,它将考虑签发完整的许可证–这与预防其他传染病的疫苗的要求相同。

辉瑞和BioNTech周三表示,他们将要求FDA批准向12至15岁的青少年提供疫苗。该疫苗已被授权用于较大的青少年,而且新数据表明,它对年轻的青少年同样安全和具有保护性。

辉瑞和BioNTech计划将新数据提交给同行评审的期刊以进行评审和发布。他们将继续跟踪参与者两年,以确保安全性和有效性,并开始回答有关新冠疫苗的最后一个主要悬而未决的问题:它们将保持有效多长时间。

 

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    2022-01-05 shock_melon
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    2021-12-18 sunylz
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    2021-04-02 12589280m60暂无昵称

    已接种

    0

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    2021-04-02 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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