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Sci Adv:多种癌症有望攻克!科学家发现药物治疗又一靶点!

2018-09-16 Paris,Zoe 转化医学网

自从研究人员发现了表观遗传和乳腺癌干细胞的联系后,对其在癌症方面的研究便愈来愈热,进展发面更像脱了缰的野马,不断取得突破,来自圣犹达儿童研究医院的遗传学家发现了癌症耐药的另一新靶点——mTORC3,这一发现为新的药物疗法提供了希望,有望可以克服这种耐药性,治疗癌症。

导  读

自从研究人员发现了表观遗传和乳腺癌干细胞的联系后,对其在癌症方面的研究便愈来愈热,进展发面更像脱了缰的野马,不断取得突破,来自圣犹达儿童研究医院的遗传学家发现了癌症耐药的另一新靶点——mTORC3,这一发现为新的药物疗法提供了希望,有望可以克服这种耐药性,治疗癌症。

mTOR——细胞生长调节剂

mTOR是人类蛋白质合成的“主要调控因子”,它能够帮助正常细胞感受营养状态,调控细胞生长与代谢。在人体内,mTOR是一种可帮助细胞对有利或不利环境作出应答的分子传感器。

在一般情况下,mTOR充当的是诱导细胞生长和分裂的基因的主调控因子。当机体处于饥饿状态时,mTOR会关闭合成蛋白质的大部分分子机器,以确保生物体能够保存能量。在癌症中,这一精细平衡被打破。mTOR蛋白出现异常,发送信号促使肿瘤细胞增长、分裂、转移及侵袭新的健康组织。

神药雷帕霉素(rapalogs)的设计也是试图通过阻断mTOR来阻止肿瘤生长。然而,大多数类似药物对癌症的作用有限,因为肿瘤细胞会逐渐对这些药物产生耐药性,最终失去抗癌活性,这是分子靶向癌症疗法一个普遍的问题。

EYV7——新靶点的发现

之前已有研究表明mTOR酶通过嵌入两种蛋白质复合物(称为mTORC1和mTORC2)而使其控制异常信号通路的传导。 然而,Grosveld实验室进行的一次机会性试验中,该研究小组发现,在急性髓性白血病,急性淋巴细胞白血病,小儿实体瘤中,ETV7都出现了过度表达。

也就是说,EVT7是这些治疗这些癌症的一个新的靶点。在此之后,他们进行了细胞培养测试,发现ETV7过度活跃加速了癌细胞生长。事实上,之前便有报道表明ETV7在肝癌的过量代表蛋白中占前10%。

但奇怪的是,ETV7并不是mTORC1或mTORC2的一部分。ETV7引导的是一个截然不同的复合物的组装——mTORC3。而mTORC3的独特之处在于,它缺乏其他两个复合物所特有的成分。同样,研究人员还发现其他的复合体缺乏ETV7。最重要的是,研究表明mTORC3显示出完全的雷帕霉素抗性。

研究人员发现,在雷帕霉素耐药肿瘤细胞中消除ETV7便会使它们对雷帕霉素敏感。在一项关于小鼠肌肉肿瘤模型的研究中,研究人员发现mTORC3的产生加速了肿瘤的形成,并使肿瘤更具侵袭性。研究人员称mTORC3的发现是mTOR研究中的一个“范式转变”,该研究“为抗癌药物开发确定了一个新的靶点”。

格罗斯维尔德表示,“这个新的综合体没有出现在任何人的雷达屏幕上,尽管mTOR复合体在过去的25年有很多类似的研究,但这个新的复合体从未被发现。我们已经为mTORC3的存在制定了可靠的数据,现在,我们正在努力分离和识别这个复杂的组成部分。

”未来的研究还将通过干扰ETV7来寻找专门抑制mTORC3的药物。当与药物联合使用阻断mTORC1和mTORC2时,这种疗法可以使广泛的癌症对罗培酮敏感。

原始出处:Franklin C. Harwood, Ramon I. Klein Geltink, Brendan P. O’Hara, et al. ETV7 is an essential component of a rapamycin-insensitive mTOR complex in cancer. Sci Adv. 12 Sep 2018

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    2018-09-18 15938038573红旗飘飘

    学习学习学习

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    2018-09-17 木村拓

    多种(〃′o`)

    0

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    2018-09-17 kafei

    学习了谢谢

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1802568, encodeId=8ef51802568e9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acfae485578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科学家发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74855, encryptionId=acfae485578, topicName=科学家发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Sun Apr 28 18:33:00 CST 2019, time=2019-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345420, encodeId=3b7e3454204f, content=学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Tue Sep 18 05:31:29 CST 2018, time=2018-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345387, encodeId=ccb134538e79, content=多种(〃′o`), beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/qjn6jnXxHc0JSv2CQxyVMeOC6sexz8bzFfEdDCmWicQnPNQTeGz1vveIEELS7eIMKKDWmqFkhKoG0gFiaMBh738g/132, createdBy=ae622429746, createdName=木村拓, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 19:30:57 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345329, encodeId=c4ff345329f7, content=学习了谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 08:22:53 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345327, encodeId=270334532e8c, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 08:20:24 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345322, encodeId=498e3453228e, content=学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRkia1DP5MpwEgtXo1XhXA11xD6MWKxunAZFXKSNic0fWHUQx83oNHPlRMxxIctM83QKeCLkJpMibibiaC/0, createdBy=7e581734408, createdName=深海的鱼, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 07:47:56 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345309, encodeId=41a1345309ed, content=学习了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7c592194322, createdName=1209e435m98(暂无昵称), createdTime=Mon Sep 17 06:40:25 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345303, encodeId=5bbb345303c2, content=好好好好好好好好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/29/bbc5cc0eed9b8d17623d2fd49dbdf19a.jpg, createdBy=79522135794, createdName=yjs木玉, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 05:19:43 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-09-17 一天没事干

    很好的学习机会

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1802568, encodeId=8ef51802568e9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acfae485578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科学家发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74855, encryptionId=acfae485578, topicName=科学家发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Sun Apr 28 18:33:00 CST 2019, time=2019-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345420, encodeId=3b7e3454204f, content=学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Tue Sep 18 05:31:29 CST 2018, time=2018-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345387, encodeId=ccb134538e79, content=多种(〃′o`), beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/qjn6jnXxHc0JSv2CQxyVMeOC6sexz8bzFfEdDCmWicQnPNQTeGz1vveIEELS7eIMKKDWmqFkhKoG0gFiaMBh738g/132, createdBy=ae622429746, createdName=木村拓, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 19:30:57 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345329, encodeId=c4ff345329f7, content=学习了谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 08:22:53 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345327, encodeId=270334532e8c, content=很好的学习机会, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/12/cd30eefc465f70dc4dad89bd57479781.jpg, createdBy=02be2318568, createdName=一天没事干, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 08:20:24 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345322, encodeId=498e3453228e, content=学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRkia1DP5MpwEgtXo1XhXA11xD6MWKxunAZFXKSNic0fWHUQx83oNHPlRMxxIctM83QKeCLkJpMibibiaC/0, createdBy=7e581734408, createdName=深海的鱼, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 07:47:56 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345309, encodeId=41a1345309ed, content=学习了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7c592194322, createdName=1209e435m98(暂无昵称), createdTime=Mon Sep 17 06:40:25 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345303, encodeId=5bbb345303c2, content=好好好好好好好好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/29/bbc5cc0eed9b8d17623d2fd49dbdf19a.jpg, createdBy=79522135794, createdName=yjs木玉, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 05:19:43 CST 2018, time=2018-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-09-17 深海的鱼

    学习学习学习

    0

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    2018-09-17 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

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    2018-09-17 yjs木玉

    好好好好好好好好

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