Baidu
map

​儿童糖尿病可以无需使用胰岛素?

2016-09-25 广州市妇女儿童医疗中心 儿科蜡笔小新 医学界儿科频道

大家都知道,儿童糖尿病以1型糖尿病为主,占90%以上,治疗需要终身依赖注射胰岛素来获得血糖的良好控制。但我很负责人的告诉大家,部分儿童糖尿病无需胰岛素真的就能获得良好的血糖控制、改善精神运动发育甚至获得终身缓解!一、部分儿童糖尿病治疗无需使用胰岛素?大家都知道,儿童糖尿病以1型糖尿病为主,占90%以上,治疗需要终身依赖注射胰岛素来获得血糖的良好控制。那么,如果我说“部分儿童糖尿病无需胰岛素就能获得

大家都知道,儿童糖尿病以1型糖尿病为主,占90%以上,治疗需要终身依赖注射胰岛素来获得血糖的良好控制。但我很负责人的告诉大家,部分儿童糖尿病无需胰岛素真的就能获得良好的血糖控制、改善精神运动发育甚至获得终身缓解!


一、部分儿童糖尿病治疗无需使用胰岛素?


大家都知道,儿童糖尿病以1型糖尿病为主,占90%以上,治疗需要终身依赖注射胰岛素来获得血糖的良好控制。那么,如果我说“部分儿童糖尿病无需胰岛素就能获得良好的血糖控制甚至获得终身缓解”可能大家会觉得是天方夜谭,甚至觉得这是闹笑话。但我很负责人的告诉大家,部分儿童糖尿病无需胰岛素真的就能获得良好的血糖控制、改善精神运动发育甚至获得终身缓解!天方夜谭何以变为现实?请听我娓娓道来。


二、儿童糖尿病的分类概况


成人2型糖尿病家户喻晓,但是儿童糖尿病却鲜为人知。据IDF-ISPAD2011指南糖尿病新的分型,糖尿病分为4型:1型糖尿病(T1DM)、2型糖尿病(T2DM)、其他特殊类型糖尿病及妊娠糖尿病。尽管糖尿病的分类繁多,从人数比例上说,成人糖尿病主要以2型糖尿病为主,而儿童糖尿病则以1型为主,占90%。但近年来,随着人们生活水平的提高,生活方式的变化,小胖孩多了起来,儿童患2型糖尿病的人数也在逐年增加。


三、儿童糖尿病的胰岛素治疗依从性差


儿童糖尿病以1型糖尿病为主,往往确诊后即开始胰岛素的强化治疗。临床上,对于首次确诊儿童糖尿病的患儿及家属往往难以接受,特别是当提及需要终身注射胰岛素更是完全不能接受,经常需要相当长时间的磨合期才能接受医生的治疗方案。更有甚者,许多家长尝试所谓能终身治愈糖尿病的各种“民间疗法”,然后经过多次“糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA)”甚至威胁生命才想起医生的苦口婆心,才老实就范。


从患儿角度来看,需要终身注射胰岛素确实是一件极其痛苦的事情,对于患者个人及家长来说是致命的打击。换句话说,传统的胰岛素治疗患儿的病死率和失访率都很高,依从性较低。我们中心很早就意识到这一点,所以在患儿糖尿病住院治疗期间有一套完整的“儿童糖尿病宣教方案”来最大限度地提高患儿及家属的依从性。而且,出院前会检测家长对知识的掌握程度,要“考试合格”才能允许出院,也因此在我中心就诊的糖尿病患儿大多数都有较好的依从性和取得较好的治疗效果。以往在我科轮转时,我常常负责整个病区的儿童糖尿病健康教育,甚至因此被本科室医生戏称为“糖尿病教父”。


四、50%以上的新生儿糖尿病治疗不需要使用胰岛素


言归正传,既然儿童糖尿病胰岛素注射治疗难以达到满意的依从性,那么,有没有其他替代的治疗方法来治疗儿童糖尿病?一直以来,科学家不断尝试各种方法,自体胰岛细胞移植、植入人工胰岛等,取得一定进展,但距离实际临床应用还相差甚远。在山重水复疑无路的时候,科学家们惊奇发现,部分童糖尿病无需胰岛素而是使用普通糖尿病药物就能获得满意的治疗效果。如果只是说儿童2型糖尿病用二甲双胍等治疗取得良好的控制效果当然不足为奇,因为这与成人的2型糖尿病治疗相似。


新生儿糖尿病(Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus, NDM)是一种少见的特殊类型的糖尿病,既不属于1型糖尿病,也不属于2型糖尿病,属于特殊类型的糖尿病,临床可分为新生儿暂时性糖尿病(TNDM)和新生儿永久性糖尿病(PNDM)两类。NDM指的是发生于生后第一个月或前6周的儿童糖尿病,表现为持续高血糖(>7.0mmol/L,120mg/dL),病程大于2周。但由于临床表现隐匿性,往往不易察觉,极易漏诊,因此建议6个月内诊断的儿童糖尿病都需要考虑NDM的可能。


传统观点认为,NDM与其他儿童糖尿病一样,需要胰岛素治疗。2006年Pearson等报道49例KCNJ11基因突变的PNDM患儿中有44例(90%)成功地从原胰岛素治疗安全过渡到磺脲类药物格列本脲(优降糖)口服治疗,开创了NDM治疗可以摆脱胰岛素治疗的新纪元!这也就意味着部分NDM患儿可以不需要使用胰岛素的情况下,就能取得良好的血糖控制,对于儿科内分泌医生来说几乎是个翻天覆地的观点。此后的多个研究均证实:大多数KCNJ11基因突变患儿均能成功地从胰岛素治疗完全过渡到口服磺脲类药物治疗,并且经此药物治疗后患儿的血糖控制在比使用胰岛素更理想的范围!紧接着,Rafid等临床研究发现,85%(23/27)的ABCC8基因突变患儿口服磺脲类药物治疗有效,无需胰岛素治疗,并且无明显的副作用。KCNJ11与ABCC8基因均参与K-ATP通道亚基的编码,而K-ATP通道的突变占据NDM的50%以上。也就是说,50%以上的新生儿糖尿病可以不需要使用胰岛素而单用磺脲类药物即获得良好的血糖控制,部分TNDM甚至可以取得终身的缓解!与上述研究一脉相承,广州妇儿中心的数例NDM患儿在使用磺脲类药物治疗后也取得良好的血糖控制及临床改善。


五、磺脲类药物治疗新生儿糖尿病除降糖之外的其他作用


值得提醒的是,磺脲类药物治疗NDM除了降糖之外,还有提高患儿的认知能力、运动功能的临床预后。这是因为K-ATP通道不仅分布于胰岛素β细胞,还分布于脑组织等其他电活动较活跃的组织细胞内。正是如此,KCNJ11和ABCC8基因突变患儿才会出现精神运动发育迟缓、癫痫等临床表现,成为DEND综合征。大量的研究发现,磺脲类药物可以大大改善NDM患儿运动、认知,改善肌力、精细及粗大动作障碍、阅读和书写能力等等。而所有这些降糖外的其他作用是胰岛素所不能企及的。


六、是否需要在基因检测后才使用磺脲类药物?


那么,大家可能会问,是否需要在检测出ABCC8和KCNJ11之后才能给NDM患儿使用磺脲类药物?这个问题非常重要,因为上述基因突变检测只有在经济和卫生较为发达的城市才能完成(不过现在许多第三方检测机构可以完成上述检测,而第三方医学检测公司已经覆盖中国的许多城市),要完成上述基因检测绝非易事。答案是:不需要!不需要等基因检测结果也可以经验性地使用磺脲类药物治疗NDM。也就是说,即使在基因突变谱尚未明确的情况下,可以在获得家长知情同意后试用该药。


著名的儿科内分泌专家,芝加哥大学的David Carmody教授等对154例NDM(其中73例为KCNJ11或ABCC8突变)的大型研究显示:在遗传背景不明确的前提下,对NDM患儿经验性用磺脲类药物治疗具有良好的安全性、有效性和可行性。而且,试用磺脲类药物治疗NDM可以使得患儿在神经系统发育方面、血糖控制等方面获益。但这并不意味着就不需要实施KCNJ11和ABCC8基因检测,因为上述基因检测对于NDM患儿的长期治疗及预后具有非常重要的作用。


七、新生儿糖尿病治疗是精准医学的典范


精准医学是应用遗传技术、影像技术、生物信息技术等先进的现代化技术,结合患者临床数据,实现精准的疾病分类及诊断,制定具有个性化的疾病预防和治疗方案。显然,在普通的儿童糖尿病患儿中区分出具有单基因突变的NDM,然后实施有别于传统胰岛素治疗的磺脲类药物治疗,从而取得良好的治疗效果及预后——这就是精准医学的典范。


References

[1]罗飞宏. 新生儿糖尿病的磺脲类药物治疗. 儿科药学杂志. 2011. 17(6): 1-3.

[2]Deeb A. Letter to the Editor: Comments on "Sulfonylurea Treatment Before Genetic Testing in Neonatal Diabetes: Pros and Cons" by Carmody D, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016. 101(3): L36.

[3]Carmody D, Bell CD, Hwang JL, et al. Sulfonylurea treatment before genetic testing in neonatal diabetes: pros and cons. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014. 99(12): E2709-14.

[4]Pearson ER, Flechtner I, Njølstad PR, et al. Switching from insulin to oral sulfonylureas in patients with diabetes due to Kir6.2 mutations. N Engl J Med. 2006. 355(5): 467-77.

[5]Rafiq M, Flanagan SE, Patch AM, Shields BM, Ellard S, Hattersley AT. Effective treatment with oral sulfonylureas in patients with diabetes due to sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) mutations. Diabetes Care. 2008. 31(2): 204-9.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (7)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749650, encodeId=2b2c1e4965030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 19:09:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140080, encodeId=8245140080a7, content=谢谢谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K46ZAxBHmHsph32KkfsWGwmickB6RsCUD8KruE4vo5CpvXfdu16GBpp4ibh6WJu1o9iatP1LWKDmvmic/0, createdBy=be6f1940165, createdName=1e0ece0dm09(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 04 18:21:14 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139320, encodeId=3fb513932060, content=儿童用药非常重要。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Oct 03 07:26:34 CST 2016, time=2016-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138680, encodeId=1c0713868066, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 21:16:05 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=136483, encodeId=07721364831c, content=要关注小糖人的未来。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 21:33:31 CST 2016, time=2016-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135554, encodeId=812b1355549f, content=有趣的临床实践,值得一试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd381919282, createdName=1e0a2178m68(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Sep 26 20:47:12 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135487, encodeId=745b13548e2e, content=学习了,谢谢分享,继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3j7ibEWPiarwpqibEYqqX9yVibV5uebib0O7hQSOPmqGrb5FfyDbLsLawnz7ShAb5ibtiayWgI5ClMTh5v/0, createdBy=a47c1614293, createdName=童小孩, createdTime=Mon Sep 26 18:41:30 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-16 baoya
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749650, encodeId=2b2c1e4965030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 19:09:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140080, encodeId=8245140080a7, content=谢谢谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K46ZAxBHmHsph32KkfsWGwmickB6RsCUD8KruE4vo5CpvXfdu16GBpp4ibh6WJu1o9iatP1LWKDmvmic/0, createdBy=be6f1940165, createdName=1e0ece0dm09(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 04 18:21:14 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139320, encodeId=3fb513932060, content=儿童用药非常重要。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Oct 03 07:26:34 CST 2016, time=2016-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138680, encodeId=1c0713868066, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 21:16:05 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=136483, encodeId=07721364831c, content=要关注小糖人的未来。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 21:33:31 CST 2016, time=2016-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135554, encodeId=812b1355549f, content=有趣的临床实践,值得一试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd381919282, createdName=1e0a2178m68(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Sep 26 20:47:12 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135487, encodeId=745b13548e2e, content=学习了,谢谢分享,继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3j7ibEWPiarwpqibEYqqX9yVibV5uebib0O7hQSOPmqGrb5FfyDbLsLawnz7ShAb5ibtiayWgI5ClMTh5v/0, createdBy=a47c1614293, createdName=童小孩, createdTime=Mon Sep 26 18:41:30 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-04 1e0ece0dm09(暂无匿称)

    谢谢谢谢

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749650, encodeId=2b2c1e4965030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 19:09:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140080, encodeId=8245140080a7, content=谢谢谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K46ZAxBHmHsph32KkfsWGwmickB6RsCUD8KruE4vo5CpvXfdu16GBpp4ibh6WJu1o9iatP1LWKDmvmic/0, createdBy=be6f1940165, createdName=1e0ece0dm09(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 04 18:21:14 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139320, encodeId=3fb513932060, content=儿童用药非常重要。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Oct 03 07:26:34 CST 2016, time=2016-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138680, encodeId=1c0713868066, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 21:16:05 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=136483, encodeId=07721364831c, content=要关注小糖人的未来。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 21:33:31 CST 2016, time=2016-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135554, encodeId=812b1355549f, content=有趣的临床实践,值得一试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd381919282, createdName=1e0a2178m68(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Sep 26 20:47:12 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135487, encodeId=745b13548e2e, content=学习了,谢谢分享,继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3j7ibEWPiarwpqibEYqqX9yVibV5uebib0O7hQSOPmqGrb5FfyDbLsLawnz7ShAb5ibtiayWgI5ClMTh5v/0, createdBy=a47c1614293, createdName=童小孩, createdTime=Mon Sep 26 18:41:30 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-03 jyzxjiangqin

    儿童用药非常重要。

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749650, encodeId=2b2c1e4965030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 19:09:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140080, encodeId=8245140080a7, content=谢谢谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K46ZAxBHmHsph32KkfsWGwmickB6RsCUD8KruE4vo5CpvXfdu16GBpp4ibh6WJu1o9iatP1LWKDmvmic/0, createdBy=be6f1940165, createdName=1e0ece0dm09(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 04 18:21:14 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139320, encodeId=3fb513932060, content=儿童用药非常重要。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Oct 03 07:26:34 CST 2016, time=2016-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138680, encodeId=1c0713868066, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 21:16:05 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=136483, encodeId=07721364831c, content=要关注小糖人的未来。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 21:33:31 CST 2016, time=2016-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135554, encodeId=812b1355549f, content=有趣的临床实践,值得一试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd381919282, createdName=1e0a2178m68(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Sep 26 20:47:12 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135487, encodeId=745b13548e2e, content=学习了,谢谢分享,继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3j7ibEWPiarwpqibEYqqX9yVibV5uebib0O7hQSOPmqGrb5FfyDbLsLawnz7ShAb5ibtiayWgI5ClMTh5v/0, createdBy=a47c1614293, createdName=童小孩, createdTime=Mon Sep 26 18:41:30 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-01 doctorJiangchao

    继续关注

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749650, encodeId=2b2c1e4965030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 19:09:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140080, encodeId=8245140080a7, content=谢谢谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K46ZAxBHmHsph32KkfsWGwmickB6RsCUD8KruE4vo5CpvXfdu16GBpp4ibh6WJu1o9iatP1LWKDmvmic/0, createdBy=be6f1940165, createdName=1e0ece0dm09(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 04 18:21:14 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139320, encodeId=3fb513932060, content=儿童用药非常重要。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Oct 03 07:26:34 CST 2016, time=2016-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138680, encodeId=1c0713868066, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 21:16:05 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=136483, encodeId=07721364831c, content=要关注小糖人的未来。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 21:33:31 CST 2016, time=2016-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135554, encodeId=812b1355549f, content=有趣的临床实践,值得一试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd381919282, createdName=1e0a2178m68(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Sep 26 20:47:12 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135487, encodeId=745b13548e2e, content=学习了,谢谢分享,继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3j7ibEWPiarwpqibEYqqX9yVibV5uebib0O7hQSOPmqGrb5FfyDbLsLawnz7ShAb5ibtiayWgI5ClMTh5v/0, createdBy=a47c1614293, createdName=童小孩, createdTime=Mon Sep 26 18:41:30 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-27 jyzxjiangqin

    要关注小糖人的未来。

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749650, encodeId=2b2c1e4965030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 19:09:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140080, encodeId=8245140080a7, content=谢谢谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K46ZAxBHmHsph32KkfsWGwmickB6RsCUD8KruE4vo5CpvXfdu16GBpp4ibh6WJu1o9iatP1LWKDmvmic/0, createdBy=be6f1940165, createdName=1e0ece0dm09(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 04 18:21:14 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139320, encodeId=3fb513932060, content=儿童用药非常重要。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Oct 03 07:26:34 CST 2016, time=2016-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138680, encodeId=1c0713868066, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 21:16:05 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=136483, encodeId=07721364831c, content=要关注小糖人的未来。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 21:33:31 CST 2016, time=2016-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135554, encodeId=812b1355549f, content=有趣的临床实践,值得一试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd381919282, createdName=1e0a2178m68(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Sep 26 20:47:12 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135487, encodeId=745b13548e2e, content=学习了,谢谢分享,继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3j7ibEWPiarwpqibEYqqX9yVibV5uebib0O7hQSOPmqGrb5FfyDbLsLawnz7ShAb5ibtiayWgI5ClMTh5v/0, createdBy=a47c1614293, createdName=童小孩, createdTime=Mon Sep 26 18:41:30 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-26 1e0a2178m68(暂无匿称)

    有趣的临床实践,值得一试

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1749650, encodeId=2b2c1e4965030, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 19:09:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140080, encodeId=8245140080a7, content=谢谢谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K46ZAxBHmHsph32KkfsWGwmickB6RsCUD8KruE4vo5CpvXfdu16GBpp4ibh6WJu1o9iatP1LWKDmvmic/0, createdBy=be6f1940165, createdName=1e0ece0dm09(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 04 18:21:14 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139320, encodeId=3fb513932060, content=儿童用药非常重要。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Oct 03 07:26:34 CST 2016, time=2016-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138680, encodeId=1c0713868066, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 21:16:05 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=136483, encodeId=07721364831c, content=要关注小糖人的未来。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 21:33:31 CST 2016, time=2016-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135554, encodeId=812b1355549f, content=有趣的临床实践,值得一试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd381919282, createdName=1e0a2178m68(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Sep 26 20:47:12 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=135487, encodeId=745b13548e2e, content=学习了,谢谢分享,继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3j7ibEWPiarwpqibEYqqX9yVibV5uebib0O7hQSOPmqGrb5FfyDbLsLawnz7ShAb5ibtiayWgI5ClMTh5v/0, createdBy=a47c1614293, createdName=童小孩, createdTime=Mon Sep 26 18:41:30 CST 2016, time=2016-09-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-26 童小孩

    学习了,谢谢分享,继续关注

    0

相关资讯

EASD 2016:中国证据——糖尿病肾病基因位点新发现

会议快讯糖尿病肾病是糖尿病患者死亡的主要原因之一。流行病学调查显示,亚洲糖尿病患者糖尿病肾病(DKD)负担沉重。但是人们对于糖尿病肾病的遗传基础仍然所知甚少。2016年EASD年会上,来自中国香港的马青云(R.C. Ma)教授分享了通过全基因组关联分析(GWAS),在中国2型糖尿病患者中识别到的终末期肾病(ESRD)相关基因位点,拓展了对中国2型糖尿病患者肾病的遗传学认识。1糖尿病心-肾并发症

J Clin Diagn Res:即使经过治疗伴糖尿病的牙周炎患者其内脂素的水平仍很高

内脂素是一种新的脂肪细胞因子,与慢性牙周炎与2型糖尿病独立相关。本研究旨在评估和比较健康受试者及牙周炎伴或不伴有可控制的2型糖尿病患者经牙周非手术治疗后其龈沟液中内脂素的水平。 研究共纳入42名参与者,等比分为1组(健康组),2组(系统健康的慢性牙周炎患者),3组(慢性牙周炎伴有可控制的T2DM者)。基线及随访1个月时记录临床参数,使用酶联免疫吸附试验测定内脂素的水平。采用了单因素方差分析和

地中海饮食习惯 可延缓老年人认知衰退

导语:地中海饮食被认为是一种健康的饮食习惯,它可以减少心血管疾病和癌症风险。近日,一项研究表明这种饮食或许还能够减缓老年人的认知衰退的过程。地中海饮食——由丰富的蔬菜,鱼肉和橄榄油组成,调节酒精消耗,已经被证明可以减少心脏病、某些癌症和糖尿病的风险。一项研究表明这种饮食或许还能够减缓老年人的认知衰退的过程。这项研究发表于近日的American Journal of Clinical Nutriti

牢记:与控糖密切相关的七组数字

与糖尿病的诊断有关:糖尿病诊断标准,空腹血糖高于7.0 mmol/L,餐后2小时血糖高于11.1,即可诊断糖尿病。糖尿病患者低血糖的判断标准3.9 mmol/L,严重低血糖的标准2.8 mmol/L。与妊娠糖尿病有关:诊断:妊娠24周后,进行75克葡萄糖耐量试验,测空腹血糖高于5.1 mmol/L,餐后1小时10.0 mmol/L,餐后2小时8.5 mmol/L,三项中任意一项大于等于上述指标,即

这7句话,千万别对糖尿病患者说......

大家都知道,糖尿病是慢性病,患者们除了吃药、注射胰岛素,还要注意饮食、坚持锻炼、监测血糖,生活中处处要小心谨慎,容不得任性,心里也承受着压力。在如此脆弱的情况下,有时遇到一些“不明真相的吃瓜扇扇子群众”,他们说的话却会让糖尿病患者尴尬不已,甚至造成一万点伤害……所以,乐于助人的小编又坐不住了,盘点了7句不适宜在糖尿病患者面前讲的话,看看你中招了没?(也是操碎了心……)NO.1 你都打胰岛素了,患的

盘点:天!“身高”越高,癌症风险越大?!

小编就简单粗暴的把关于“身高和癌症风险”的研究盘点如下。此外,小编还在此文章中纳入了身高对心血管、糖尿病风险影响的研究。 【1】PLOS MED:身高和癌症究竟有啥关系? 研究者检了PubMed、Embase等数据库,最终对62项研究进行了荟萃分析,探究身高每增加10cm与癌症风险之间的关系。根据近期成人身高GWAS研究,以及包含47800例癌症和81353例对照组的研究中,识别了

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map