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八大类药物不可与糖皮质激素合用!

2015-06-09 MedSci MedSci原创

安全用药知识你具备了吗?有些药明明是治疗疾病的,但如果不慎搭配,会变成毒药,甚至会有致命的可能。像糖皮质激素类药物很多,广泛应用于治疗皮炎、过敏性疾病、活动性风湿病、类风湿性关节炎等。功效多多,但实际上有八种药物不能与之搭配。有些会使药效降低,有些则会加重病情。下面和大家一起学习辨别这8类药物,做到安全用药。糖皮质激素类药物主要有氢化可的松、泼尼松、泼尼松龙、地塞米松、甲泼尼龙、曲安奈德、倍他米松

安全用药知识你具备了吗?有些药明明是治疗疾病的,但如果不慎搭配,会变成毒药,甚至会有致命的可能。像糖皮质激素类药物很多,广泛应用于治疗皮炎、过敏性疾病、活动性风湿病、类风湿性关节炎等。功效多多,但实际上有八种药物不能与之搭配。有些会使药效降低,有些则会加重病情。下面和大家一起学习辨别这8类药物,做到安全用药。

糖皮质激素类药物主要有氢化可的松、泼尼松、泼尼松龙、地塞米松、甲泼尼龙、曲安奈德、倍他米松等。此类药物具有抗炎、抗免疫、抗毒素、抗休克等作用,可用于肾上腺皮质功能减退,活动性风湿病、类风湿性关节炎、全身性红斑狼疮等胶原性疾病、严重的支气管哮喘、皮炎、过敏性疾病、急性白血病及感染性休克等,在临床中应用广泛。但在应用过程中,有些药物会与糖皮质激素类药物相互作用,在使用时应注意。

排钾利尿药  

这类药物主要有呋塞米、布美他尼、托拉塞米、氯噻酮、吲达帕胺、氢氯噻嗪、碳酸酐酶抑制剂等。糖皮质激素与这些排钾利尿药联用,可导致严重的低血钾,并且糖皮质激素的水钠潴留作用会减弱利尿药物的利尿效应。

抗真菌药
  
两性霉素B为抗人体深部组织真菌感染的药物,与糖皮质激素类药物合用,会导致或加重低血钾,使真菌病灶扩散,还会造成肝损害等。酮康唑、伊曲康唑可抑制糖皮质激素在体内的消除,抗真菌药物会抑制肝药酶对糖皮质激素在肝脏中的代谢,还有可能使内源性肾上腺皮质功能受到抑制,出现不良反应。

癫痫

如苯妥英钠、巴比妥等。这类药物为肝药酶诱导剂,可促使糖皮质激素类药物在肝脏中的排泄,使糖皮质激素类药物药效降低。

抗菌药
  
氨基糖甙类药物如与糖皮质激素合用,同样会导致糖皮质激素的作用降低,因氨基糖甙类等也为肝药酶诱导剂,也可使糖皮质激素类药物在肝脏中的代谢加快。氯霉素可使糖皮质激素效力增强,氯霉素为肝药酶抑制药,抑制糖皮质激素在肝脏中的代谢。此外,糖皮质激素可使甲硝唑从体内排泄加快,与肝药酶有关。

解热消炎镇痛药
  
阿司匹林、吲哚美辛、双氯芬酸、布洛芬、酮洛芬、萘普生等解热消炎镇痛药与糖皮质激素联用,易导致消化性溃疡等并发症。糖皮质激素可使水杨酸盐的消除加快,疗效也降低,与对氨基乙芬合用,可增加对肝脏的毒性。

降糖药

糖皮质激素可促进糖异生,减少外周组织对葡萄糖的摄取与利用,从而使血糖升高,减弱口服降血糖药物或胰岛素的作用。

强心甙
  
糖皮质激素与强心甙联用,能增加洋地黄毒性及心律失常的发生,其原因是糖皮质激素的水钠潴留和排钾作用而致。

蛋白质同化激素


如甲睾酮、比唑甲氢龙、达那唑、丙酸睾酮等,蛋白质同化激素与糖皮质激素合用,可增加水肿的发生率,诱发或加重痤疮。

其它


糖皮质激素能使灭活疫苗抗体减少,故在接种前2周内应禁止使用皮质激素类药物。还有些药物与糖皮质激素合用会发生药物间的相互作用,如单胺氧化酶抑制剂与糖皮质激素联用可能发生高血压危象;与抗凝剂联用,可降低抗凝作用等。所以使用糖皮质激素类药物时,要注意药物间的相互作用。


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    2015-10-14 1ddcbc02m31(暂无匿称)

    好!

    0

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    2015-06-11 xwdon123

    好好上了一课,获益非浅!

    0

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    2015-06-09 huaxipanxing

    看看

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38869, encodeId=23a938869f8, content=好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=141, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=29881651723, createdName=1ddcbc02m31(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Oct 14 21:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1701130, encodeId=a4c11e011309c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5f6e6827fb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖皮质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76827, encryptionId=b5f6e6827fb, topicName=糖皮质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0f4230340116, createdName=Tommy1959, createdTime=Sun Sep 13 06:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26992, encodeId=bb49269921a, content=好好上了一课,获益非浅!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=210, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=42d71587216, createdName=xwdon123, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 13:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1600234, encodeId=54be1600234b3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3565e21649e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮质激素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72164, encryptionId=3565e21649e, topicName=皮质激素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cb1a18781011, createdName=bbwznl, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 05:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26645, encodeId=026926645cf, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=146, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Tue Jun 09 19:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26523, encodeId=cbb426523bc, content=在临床上用激素特别多这次真的学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=200, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://api.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150526/IMG5564536F3C41D5237.jpg, createdBy=4c0c1612254, createdName=summer474cn, createdTime=Tue Jun 09 15:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-06-09 summer474cn

    在临床上用激素特别多这次真的学习了

    0

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