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Cell Rep:新技术成功治疗小鼠糖尿病!

2018-05-10 佚名 中国生物技术网

近日,科学家利用组织工程学方法在实验室中对人类胰岛细胞进行改造,使其能够形成循环系统,并分泌胰岛素等激素,还能成功治疗小鼠突发的1型糖尿病。这项研究已发表在5月8日的《Cell Reports》上,由美国辛辛那提儿童医院医疗中心和日本横滨市立大学(YCU)合作完成。

近日,科学家利用组织工程学方法在实验室中对人类胰岛细胞进行改造,使其能够形成循环系统,并分泌胰岛素等激素,还能成功治疗小鼠突发的1型糖尿病。这项研究已发表在5月8日的《Cell Reports》上,由美国辛辛那提儿童医院医疗中心和日本横滨市立大学(YCU)合作完成。

研究中,研究人员利用了一种他们自己开发的新型生物工程方法——“自凝缩”细胞培养技术。这项技术可被用于再生治疗,让医学界向利用人类自身细胞培养人体器官组织更近了一步。

辛辛那提儿童医院干细胞和类器官医学中心的内科专家Takanori Takebe说:“这种方法可能会成为1型糖尿病的主要治疗策略,目前每年有79000人被诊断患有这种疾病。这是一种会一直存在的威胁生命的疾病,所以开发出有效且永久的治疗方法将帮助全世界数百万的儿童和成年人患者。”

Takebe同时也在YCU的再生医学系兼任工作。他强调,在将该技术应用于临床之前,还需要进行额外的研究。

摆脱自然的方式

研究人员用捐赠的人体器官细胞(胰脏,心脏,大脑等)、小鼠器官细胞和诱导多能干细胞(iPS)测试其处理系统。从成年细胞(比如皮肤细胞)重编程得到的iPS细胞可以像胚胎细胞一样起作用,在体内形成各种类型的组织。

这种组织工程方法还使用了两种处于胚胎阶段的祖细胞,它们能支持身体和特定器官的形成。祖细胞是间充质干细胞(MSN)和人脐血管内皮细胞(HUVEC)。

研究人员将捐献的器官细胞、小鼠细胞或iPS细胞与MSN、HUVEC以及其他的遗传和生化材料结合到一起,来实现胰岛细胞的形成。在能够为细胞提供营养的环境中,这些成分会凝缩并自发组织成为胰岛。将组织工程化的胰岛移植到患有严重1型糖尿病的人源化小鼠模型之后,小鼠的疾病被治愈了。

血源的挑战

在治疗中,人类胰岛已经可以被移植到糖尿病患者体内。不幸的是,移植成功率目前还很低,因为移植的组织失去了血管化和血液供应。这使得接受移植手术的患者很难获得最大的健康益处。

尽管基于干细胞的组织工程学技术具有巨大的治疗潜力,但是它的临床应用仍然面临着严峻的挑战,比如确保植入的组织能够得到充足的血液供应。

Taniguchi说:“我们需要一种策略通过及时地建立血管网络来确保移植的成功。在我们的这项研究中表明,这种自凝缩细胞培养系统能够促进组织的血管化。”

该研究中的组织工程化的胰岛不仅能够在被植入患有1型糖尿病的小鼠体内快速产生血管网络,它还能够作为内分泌系统的一部分高效运转,分泌出胰岛素等激素,并能够稳定小鼠的血糖控制。

Takebe和Taniguchi的研究团队在过去已经展示利用iPS细胞的“自凝缩”细胞培养过程,组织工程化三维人类肝脏类器官,并在移植到实验室小鼠体内后形成血管。但研究人员称,在这项研究之前,生成能够在体内产生血管的器官组织(比如胰岛)仍然是一个困难的目标。

原始出处:

Yoshinobu Takahashi,et al.Self-Condensation Culture Enables Vascularization of Tissue Fragments for Efficient Therapeutic Transplantation.Cell Rep.Volume 23, Issue 6, p1620–1629, 8 May 2018

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    2019-02-09 维他命
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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1870624, encodeId=344718e062436, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Jul 14 01:28:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1960893, encodeId=c0cc1960893a2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Sat Feb 09 09:28:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903801, encodeId=9a0e190380170, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be285836438' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58364, encryptionId=be285836438, topicName=新技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d39f177, createdName=lixiao3326, createdTime=Tue Apr 16 17:28:00 CST 2019, time=2019-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=314072, encodeId=2d3c3140e270, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3da1990174, createdName=yfjms, createdTime=Fri May 11 08:08:13 CST 2018, time=2018-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=313860, encodeId=e4493138609b, content=学习了.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7c592194322, createdName=1209e435m98(暂无昵称), createdTime=Thu May 10 17:01:05 CST 2018, time=2018-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=313837, encodeId=84bc31383e88, content=谢谢分享.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Thu May 10 15:02:09 CST 2018, time=2018-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=313836, encodeId=6c38313836ab, content=谢谢分享.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Thu May 10 15:01:59 CST 2018, time=2018-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=313826, encodeId=8c54313826ab, content=了解一下.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/12/23/2f51002e1349ccda5be11c1eea1e1e60.jpg, createdBy=a22097948, createdName=天地飞扬, createdTime=Thu May 10 13:49:27 CST 2018, time=2018-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-05-11 yfjms

    学习

    0

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    2018-05-10 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-05-10 明月清辉

    谢谢分享.学习了

    0

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    2018-05-10 明月清辉

    谢谢分享.学习了

    0

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    2018-05-10 天地飞扬

    了解一下.谢谢分享!

    0

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