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Neurology:平扫CT也能诊断孤立皮层静脉血栓形成?

2018-03-17 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

因有氧运动后出现右额持续钝性疼痛2天到急诊室就诊。入院当天出现2次右臂强直阵挛性运动,每次<1分钟,无意识丧失。第二次发作后出现右侧面部下垂,右臂无力和感觉异常。

23岁,右利手女性。

因有氧运动后出现右额持续钝性疼痛2天到急诊室就诊。入院当天出现2次右臂强直阵挛性运动,每次<1分钟,无意识丧失。第二次发作后出现右侧面部下垂,右臂无力和感觉异常。

既往月经期无先兆偏头痛,平日服用雌激素口服避孕药。

入院后脑CT显示左侧额叶凸面静脉性梗死,周围水肿(图A),左侧额叶高密度匐行血管,符合皮层静脉血栓的特点(绳索征)(图B)。CTV进一步确认了皮层静脉血栓形成(图C)。入院后DSA也证实为孤立皮层静脉血栓形成,并排除了其他血管疾病。SWI可见出血性梗死(图D),Flair可见出血周围水肿(图E)。

A图,轴位平扫CT显示左侧额叶凸面静脉性梗死,伴周围水肿(箭头)。B图,轴位平扫CT显示曲线状高密度影,符合皮层静脉血栓形成的特点(绳索征)(白色箭头)。C图,轴位CTV图像(与B图为同一层面)显示皮层静脉无造影剂填充(白色箭头)提示血栓形成,与上矢状窦形成鲜明对比(黑色箭头):



D和E图,分别为轴位SWI和Flair,可见出血性梗死(黑色箭头),周围水肿较轻(白色箭头)。F图,出院12天后复查平扫CT显示水肿加重(箭头):



开始给予抗凝治疗,住院8天后出院康复。12天后再发头痛,复查CT显示静脉性梗死加重,水肿恶化(图F)。MRI和MRV显示左侧额叶新发孤立皮层静脉血栓形成(未提供图片)。

最终诊断为孤立性皮层静脉血栓形成,复发,未找到病因。

原始出处:
Paul Gadient, Dimitri Archer,  and Negar Asdaghi. Pearls&Oy-sters: Delayed progression of isolated cortical vein thrombosis despite therapeutic INR. Neurology. 2018 Feb 20;90(8):e727-e730.doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004994.

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    2019-01-06 xue8602
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    2018-06-06 yinhl1978
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    2018-09-06 fusion
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