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脑梗:一定要检查有没有房颤!

2017-11-10 郭艺芳 郭艺芳心前沿

国内外指南均非常重视在不明原因卒中患者中反复进行动态心电图监测,以便筛查出阵发性房颤。例如,我国2014年中国缺血性卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作二级预防指南指出,我国首发缺血性卒中或TIA患者中房颤的患病率为11.4%,但国外研究发现,在卒中发生30天内重复心电监测可检出20%的阵发性房颤患者。

一项纳入17398例卒中患者的注册研究显示,卒中患者首次发作后动态心电图监测的应用率显着不足(Stroke 2016;Jul 12.)。该研究发现,缺血性卒中或TIA发病30天内动态心电图监测的应用率仅30%,而接受48小时动态心电图监测的患者不足1%。由于房颤(阵发性或持续性)是导致缺血性卒中或TIA的重要原因之一,对于不明原因卒中患者在发病后反复进行长程动态心电监测有助于大大提高阵发性房颤的检出率,进而为随后的抗栓治疗策略的制定提供依据。非心源性栓塞性缺血性卒中或TIA与房颤所致的心源性卒中的二级预防策略显着不同,前者以抗血小板治疗为主,而后者应用抗血小板治疗效果甚微,需要予以抗凝治疗。

正因如此,国内外指南均非常重视在不明原因卒中患者中反复进行动态心电图监测,以便筛查出阵发性房颤。例如,我国2014年中国缺血性卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作二级预防指南指出,我国首发缺血性卒中或TIA患者中房颤的患病率为11.4%,但国外研究发现,在卒中发生30天内重复心电监测可检出20%的阵发性房颤患者。因此我国指南建议,缺血性卒中或TIA患者应尽可能接受24小时动态心电监测。对于原因不明的患者,应延长心电监测时间,以确定有无抗凝治疗指征。2014AHA/ASA卒中二级预防指南也指出,对于无其他明确病因的急性缺血性卒中或TIA患者,建议在发病6个月之内对其进行为期1个月左右的心律监测,已明确是否存在房颤。多次重复进行动态心电图监测是筛查阵发性房颤的有效方法。若无禁忌证,所有筛查出房颤的患者均应接受抗凝药物(华法林或新型口服抗凝剂)治疗。

忽略动态心电图监测的重要性,会使很多具备抗凝治疗适应证的患者错失抗凝治疗机会,进而显着增高卒中复发的风险。

原始出处:Jodi D. Edwards, Moira K. Kapral, Jiming Fang, et al. Underutilization of Ambulatory ECG Monitoring After Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack.Stroke. July 12, 2016

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    2017-11-16 wxl882001

    学习一下

    0

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    2017-11-12 hb2008ye
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    2017-11-11 wxl882001

    学习一下

    0

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    2017-11-11 jyzxjiangqin

    脑梗的治疗.

    0

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    2017-11-10 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

    0

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相对于典型的一过性缺血症状(TS),非典型的短暂性脑缺血症状主要包括部分感觉缺失、构音障碍、眩晕或不稳,少见的皮层性视觉障碍和复视。当这些症状单独发生时,临床医生往往不能将此归类于短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的临床症状,同时,该种情况的临床发生率尚不明确。本研究纳入了2003-2008年间短暂性脑缺血发作临床中心收治的典型的TIA患者,并对颅脑、动脉及心脏进行了系统的检查。在排除主要鉴别诊断之后,研

脑梗死、脑血栓及脑出血的区别

1、脑梗死(脑梗、脑梗塞、缺血性脑卒中):脑梗是脑动脉阻塞后出现相应部位脑组织的破坏,可伴发出血。发病机制为血栓形成或栓塞,症状的性质因病变累及的血管不同而异。脑梗占全部脑卒中的 70%~80%。

2016脑梗死研究一览

脑梗死是最常见的脑卒中类型,是由各种原因所致的局部脑组织血液供应障碍,导致脑组织缺血缺氧性病变坏死,进而产生相应的神经功能缺失表现。大面积脑梗死也称恶性大脑中动脉梗死,是导致人类死亡或残疾的重要疾病。此类患者具有较典型的临床症状,相对单一的进程,常常因小脑幕切迹疝而死亡。近期,在美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会(American heart association/American stroke a

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