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CLEAR柯丽尔每日一例:酒精性肝硬化合并局限性肝脂肪浸润病变误诊为肝癌

2022-09-06 放射沙龙 临床肝胆病杂志

酒精性肝硬化合并局限性肝脂肪浸润病变误诊为肝癌病例分析。

病例介绍:

患者男性,51岁,因反复纳差、乏力5年入院。

患者于5年前无明显诱因出现纳差、乏力,外院诊断为肝硬化、腹水,经保肝、对症处理后缓解。2年前于外院检查肝脏CT发现肝脏占位性病变(图1a,b),考虑诊断为“肝癌”,患者及家属拒绝手术、放化疗及介入等治疗,出院后未行特殊处理,近期自感上述症状加重,食欲差,睡眠欠佳,近1个月体质量下降5kg,大便稀,尿黄,来本科室住院治疗。

即往饮酒史:7岁患甲型肝炎,已治愈;1997年因胃溃疡大出血住院治愈;2009年发现糖尿病,口服降血糖药物至血糖正常后停止服药(具体不详)。即往饮酒史:饮酒30年,200~500g/d,近两年已戒酒。查体:体温36.℃,脉搏99次/min,呼吸18次/min,血压146/101mmHg。慢性病容,皮肤巩膜无黄染,双侧肝掌,腹平坦,肝下缘位于剑突下6cm,质硬、有结节,无触痛;肠鸣音正常,移动性浊音阴性。辅助检查及化验:胸片示双肺纹理增多;心影饱满,主动脉稍增宽、迂曲。腹部CT示:肝硬化、脾大伴侧枝循环形成;肝实质密度不均匀降低,弥漫性肝占位性病变(图1c,d)。

血常规示:白细胞11.35×109/L,血小板54×109/L;肝功能示:TBil37.80μmol/L,DBil17.30μmol/L,ALT99.10U/L,AST190.90U/L,GGT688.40U/L,腺苷脱氨酶29.13U/L;凝血四项:纤维蛋白原1.85g/L,凝血酶时间21.80s;肿瘤标志物:糖类抗原(CA)199153.8U/ml,甲胎蛋白(AFP)4.68ng/ml。

由于患者肝占位性病变2年变化不太大,增强团块阴影中无明显强化,AFP不高,肝癌可能性小,结合酒精肝背景

诊断为:

(1)酒精性肝硬化,

(2)肝占位(局限性脂肪浸润病变?肝癌?),因患者情况较差,家属拒绝做肝穿刺活组织检查,因此在患者及家属充分知情同意下,给予小剂量激素治疗(地塞米松磷酸钠注射液5mg/d,静推),同时给予保肝治疗:注射用还原性谷胱甘肽(古拉定)1.2g/d,静滴;异甘草酸镁注射液(天晴甘美)250mg/d,静滴。治疗2周后,患者情况逐渐好转,饮食、睡眠恢复正常,体质量增加,停用激素,继续保肝、对症等治疗1周后,复查CT平扫及增强,与入院前CT影像相比较,肝尾状叶斑片状低密度影完全消失(图1e)。实验室检测:肝功能示,TBil22.00μmol/L,DBil11.80μmol/L,ALT67.00U/L,AST62.10U/L,GGT525.50U/L,腺苷脱氨酶29.13U/L;凝血四项正常,遂办理出院。

出院1个月后复查肝功能示:TBil15.60μmol/L,DBil7.10μmol/L,ALT43.50U/L,AST51.80U/L,GGT203.00U/L;CT示低密度影完全消失(图1f)。

图1  

a:治疗前后患者肝脏CT平扫与增强表现

b:2011年8月外院CT增强与平扫示肝尾状叶见2.8cm×2.4cm占位性病变,注射造影剂后轻度强化;

c:治疗前CT平扫示肝尾状叶4.4cm×3.8cm低密度阴影;

d:治疗前增强CT示低密度影无明显强化;

e:激素治疗3周后CT平扫示治疗前低密度影消失;

f:患者出院1个月后复查CT示低密度影完全消失

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