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Alzheimer's Dementia:淡漠,可提前预测遗传性额颞叶痴呆者的认知功能衰退

2020-12-27 Freeman MedSci原创

冷漠是额颞叶型痴呆的早期的标志

 
冷漠(apathy)是额颞叶型痴呆(frontotemporal dementia, FTD)的一个常见且不利的特征。冷漠是一个多方面的概念,描述了由情感、行为和认知损伤引起的功能障碍性目标导向行为。FTD 与同时出现的情感、行为和认知冷漠症状有关,这些将会影响患者的生存情况、残疾预后、功能独立性。因此,更好地理解冷漠的原因和后果及其在 FTD 临床进展中的作用,对于制定有效的治疗策略至关重要,比如,如何在 FTD 遗传风险的背景下的预防策略。
 
剑桥大学的Maura Malpetti等人基于Genetic FTD Initiative (GENFI),总共纳入600名参与者,包括304个FTD患者,即外显子突变携带者(MAPT 突变54个,GRN 突变142个,C9orf72突变108个)和296个未发生突变的家族成员(非携带者对照组)。
研究人员对这些被试进行临床评估和 MRI 检查,每年进行一次,为期2年。采用潜伏生长曲线模型分析(latent growth curve modeling)冷漠、认知、灰质体积的纵向变化及其相互关系。
结果发现,随着时间的推移,无症状携带者的冷漠严重程度会逐渐增加,但非携带者并非如此。在症状前期的携带者中,基线的冷漠可预测两年后的认知能力的下降,但反之则不然。在额叶和扣带回区域,冷漠的进展与基线低灰质体积有关。
 
基于这个研究,核心的结论如下:
 
  • 症状前遗传性额颞叶型失智症的冷漠会逐渐发展。
  •  冷漠预示着未来认知能力的下降,而不是反过来。
  •  额叶和扣带回区域的结构改变可以预测冷漠进程。
  •  冷漠是额颞叶型痴呆早期的标志,甚至在痴呆症发作之前就已经呈现出来。

 

Malpetti, M., Jones, P. S., Tsvetanov, K. A., Rittman, T., van Swieten, J. C., Borroni, B., ... & Synofzik, M. (2020). Apathy in presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal dementia predicts cognitive decline and is driven by structural brain changes. Alzheimer's & Dementia.

 
 
 
 

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    2020-12-27 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

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