Baidu
map

英国警示氢氯噻嗪非黑色素瘤皮肤癌风险

2019-02-03 MedSci MedSci原创

英国药品和健康产品管理局(MHRA)2018年11月14日发布消息,警示含氢氯噻嗪类产品长期使用存在累积的剂量依赖性的非黑色素瘤皮肤癌风险,建议服用该类产品的患者定期检查和报告任何可疑的皮肤损害或痣,限制阳光和紫外线照射暴露时间,并采取防晒措施。含氢氯噻嗪的药品主要用于治疗高血压,以及与心脏病、肝病或慢性心功能不全(心力衰竭)相关的水肿。在英国,氢氯噻嗪仅与其他药物固定剂量组合使用,估计约有28,

英国药品和健康产品管理局(MHRA)2018年11月14日发布消息,警示含氢氯噻嗪类产品长期使用存在累积的剂量依赖性的非黑色素瘤皮肤癌风险,建议服用该类产品的患者定期检查和报告任何可疑的皮肤损害或痣,限制阳光和紫外线照射暴露时间,并采取防晒措施。

含氢氯噻嗪的药品主要用于治疗高血压,以及与心脏病、肝病或慢性心功能不全(心力衰竭)相关的水肿。在英国,氢氯噻嗪仅与其他药物固定剂量组合使用,估计约有28,000名患者服用含有氢氯噻嗪的药品。

最近两项丹麦全国数据来源(包括丹麦癌症登记库和国家处方登记库)的药物流行病学研究结果显示,氢氯噻嗪和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌之间存在累积的剂量依赖关系。氢氯噻嗪的已知光敏作用可能是该风险的作用机制。基于总体情况或累计使用分析,研究者没有发现基底细胞癌或鳞状细胞癌(包括鳞状细胞唇癌)风险与其他利尿剂和降压药存在类似相关性,这些药品包括苄氟噻嗪、钙通道阻滞剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂和呋塞米。Pedersen等的研究结果显示,基于因果推断,研究期间诊断出的9/100鳞状细胞癌病例和小于1/100基底细胞癌病例可能与氢氯噻嗪的使用有关。Pottegrd等研究结果显示,研究期间发生的病例中,11/100鳞状细胞唇癌可能与氢氯噻嗪的使用有关。

所有含氢氯噻嗪制剂的产品特征概要和患者使用说明书已更新,纳入并提示非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的风险,有关风险和建议的信函也已发给处方医生和分发该类药品的药剂师。

给医务人员的建议:

  • 药物流行病学研究表明,随着氢氯噻嗪累积剂量增加,剂量依赖性非黑色素瘤皮肤癌(基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌,包括鳞状细胞唇癌)风险增加。
  • 告知正在服用含氢氯噻嗪药品的患者,氢氯噻嗪可能与非黑色素瘤皮肤癌相关,特别是在长期使用时,建议患者定期检查和报告新出现或已变化的皮肤损害或痣。
  • 建议既往有皮肤癌的患者重新考虑是否使用氢氯噻嗪。
  • 检查所有可疑的皮肤损害或痣(包括皮肤组织活检的病理检查)。
  • 建议患者限制日光和紫外线暴露时间,并采取恰当的防晒措施,从而减少皮肤癌风险。

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (8)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061827, encodeId=b439206182e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 21:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680596, encodeId=2d2616805965d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Mar 18 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1981019, encodeId=1c8f1981019fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3e3fe2073e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72073, encryptionId=3e3fe2073e5, topicName=皮肤癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1be8234, createdName=sunyl07, createdTime=Wed Jan 08 04:25:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1643232, encodeId=b6a1164323262, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=97b840365d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40365, encryptionId=97b840365d7, topicName=噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0e9523156615, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Sat Aug 03 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360548, encodeId=b4be136054803, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=008b6396165' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#氢氯噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63961, encryptionId=008b6396165, topicName=氢氯噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1425249, encodeId=6d1d142524911, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0f3799e8178' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#非黑色素瘤皮肤癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99781, encryptionId=0f3799e8178, topicName=非黑色素瘤皮肤癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b8d93951121, createdName=zhaozuguo, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558953, encodeId=7af1155895377, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564962, encodeId=c2e61564962ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-12-08 sjq027
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061827, encodeId=b439206182e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 21:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680596, encodeId=2d2616805965d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Mar 18 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1981019, encodeId=1c8f1981019fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3e3fe2073e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72073, encryptionId=3e3fe2073e5, topicName=皮肤癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1be8234, createdName=sunyl07, createdTime=Wed Jan 08 04:25:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1643232, encodeId=b6a1164323262, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=97b840365d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40365, encryptionId=97b840365d7, topicName=噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0e9523156615, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Sat Aug 03 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360548, encodeId=b4be136054803, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=008b6396165' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#氢氯噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63961, encryptionId=008b6396165, topicName=氢氯噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1425249, encodeId=6d1d142524911, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0f3799e8178' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#非黑色素瘤皮肤癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99781, encryptionId=0f3799e8178, topicName=非黑色素瘤皮肤癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b8d93951121, createdName=zhaozuguo, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558953, encodeId=7af1155895377, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564962, encodeId=c2e61564962ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-03-18 sunylz
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061827, encodeId=b439206182e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 21:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680596, encodeId=2d2616805965d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Mar 18 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1981019, encodeId=1c8f1981019fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3e3fe2073e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72073, encryptionId=3e3fe2073e5, topicName=皮肤癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1be8234, createdName=sunyl07, createdTime=Wed Jan 08 04:25:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1643232, encodeId=b6a1164323262, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=97b840365d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40365, encryptionId=97b840365d7, topicName=噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0e9523156615, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Sat Aug 03 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360548, encodeId=b4be136054803, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=008b6396165' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#氢氯噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63961, encryptionId=008b6396165, topicName=氢氯噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1425249, encodeId=6d1d142524911, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0f3799e8178' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#非黑色素瘤皮肤癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99781, encryptionId=0f3799e8178, topicName=非黑色素瘤皮肤癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b8d93951121, createdName=zhaozuguo, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558953, encodeId=7af1155895377, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564962, encodeId=c2e61564962ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061827, encodeId=b439206182e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 21:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680596, encodeId=2d2616805965d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Mar 18 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1981019, encodeId=1c8f1981019fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3e3fe2073e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72073, encryptionId=3e3fe2073e5, topicName=皮肤癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1be8234, createdName=sunyl07, createdTime=Wed Jan 08 04:25:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1643232, encodeId=b6a1164323262, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=97b840365d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40365, encryptionId=97b840365d7, topicName=噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0e9523156615, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Sat Aug 03 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360548, encodeId=b4be136054803, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=008b6396165' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#氢氯噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63961, encryptionId=008b6396165, topicName=氢氯噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1425249, encodeId=6d1d142524911, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0f3799e8178' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#非黑色素瘤皮肤癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99781, encryptionId=0f3799e8178, topicName=非黑色素瘤皮肤癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b8d93951121, createdName=zhaozuguo, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558953, encodeId=7af1155895377, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564962, encodeId=c2e61564962ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-08-03 fangcong
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061827, encodeId=b439206182e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 21:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680596, encodeId=2d2616805965d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Mar 18 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1981019, encodeId=1c8f1981019fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3e3fe2073e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72073, encryptionId=3e3fe2073e5, topicName=皮肤癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1be8234, createdName=sunyl07, createdTime=Wed Jan 08 04:25:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1643232, encodeId=b6a1164323262, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=97b840365d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40365, encryptionId=97b840365d7, topicName=噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0e9523156615, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Sat Aug 03 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360548, encodeId=b4be136054803, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=008b6396165' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#氢氯噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63961, encryptionId=008b6396165, topicName=氢氯噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1425249, encodeId=6d1d142524911, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0f3799e8178' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#非黑色素瘤皮肤癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99781, encryptionId=0f3799e8178, topicName=非黑色素瘤皮肤癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b8d93951121, createdName=zhaozuguo, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558953, encodeId=7af1155895377, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564962, encodeId=c2e61564962ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061827, encodeId=b439206182e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 21:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680596, encodeId=2d2616805965d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Mar 18 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1981019, encodeId=1c8f1981019fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3e3fe2073e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72073, encryptionId=3e3fe2073e5, topicName=皮肤癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1be8234, createdName=sunyl07, createdTime=Wed Jan 08 04:25:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1643232, encodeId=b6a1164323262, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=97b840365d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40365, encryptionId=97b840365d7, topicName=噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0e9523156615, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Sat Aug 03 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360548, encodeId=b4be136054803, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=008b6396165' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#氢氯噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63961, encryptionId=008b6396165, topicName=氢氯噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1425249, encodeId=6d1d142524911, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0f3799e8178' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#非黑色素瘤皮肤癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99781, encryptionId=0f3799e8178, topicName=非黑色素瘤皮肤癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b8d93951121, createdName=zhaozuguo, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558953, encodeId=7af1155895377, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564962, encodeId=c2e61564962ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061827, encodeId=b439206182e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 21:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680596, encodeId=2d2616805965d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Mar 18 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1981019, encodeId=1c8f1981019fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3e3fe2073e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72073, encryptionId=3e3fe2073e5, topicName=皮肤癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1be8234, createdName=sunyl07, createdTime=Wed Jan 08 04:25:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1643232, encodeId=b6a1164323262, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=97b840365d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40365, encryptionId=97b840365d7, topicName=噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0e9523156615, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Sat Aug 03 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360548, encodeId=b4be136054803, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=008b6396165' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#氢氯噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63961, encryptionId=008b6396165, topicName=氢氯噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1425249, encodeId=6d1d142524911, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0f3799e8178' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#非黑色素瘤皮肤癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99781, encryptionId=0f3799e8178, topicName=非黑色素瘤皮肤癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b8d93951121, createdName=zhaozuguo, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558953, encodeId=7af1155895377, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564962, encodeId=c2e61564962ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061827, encodeId=b439206182e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 21:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680596, encodeId=2d2616805965d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=343027846633, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Mar 18 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1981019, encodeId=1c8f1981019fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3e3fe2073e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72073, encryptionId=3e3fe2073e5, topicName=皮肤癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1be8234, createdName=sunyl07, createdTime=Wed Jan 08 04:25:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1643232, encodeId=b6a1164323262, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=97b840365d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40365, encryptionId=97b840365d7, topicName=噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0e9523156615, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Sat Aug 03 14:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360548, encodeId=b4be136054803, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=008b6396165' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#氢氯噻嗪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63961, encryptionId=008b6396165, topicName=氢氯噻嗪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1425249, encodeId=6d1d142524911, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0f3799e8178' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#非黑色素瘤皮肤癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99781, encryptionId=0f3799e8178, topicName=非黑色素瘤皮肤癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b8d93951121, createdName=zhaozuguo, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558953, encodeId=7af1155895377, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564962, encodeId=c2e61564962ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Tue Feb 05 03:25:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

JACC:低剂量的氯噻酮和氢氯噻嗪,谁抗高血压效果更好?

噻嗪类和噻嗪样利尿剂正在越来越多地以更低的剂量被使用。12.5毫克剂量的氢氯噻嗪(HCTZ)在美国仍然是最常用的处方抗高血压药物。该研究比较了氯噻酮,每天6.25毫克,与氢氯噻嗪,每天12.5毫克相比,24小时动态血压(ABP)监测和评价疗效。因为HCTZ已被认为是一种短效药,第三种比较是与加入缓释制剂后进行了比较(HCTZ可控缓释[CR])。该12周的比较,双盲,门诊研究随机分配54例1级高血压

J Hypertens:替米沙坦比氢氯噻嗪降舒张压更优

对于饮食喜咸,多药联合依从性又不好的轻中度高血压患者,采用单药治疗效果如何?近期,北京大学医学部乔治健康研究所和北京大学人民医院学者发表于J Hypertens上的一项研究表明,对于这部分患者,每天40 mg的替米沙坦或25 mg的氢氯噻嗪都有效,而前者降压效果明显更好,尤其是舒张压。研究显示,在接受替米沙坦或氢氯噻嗪的两组轻中度高血压患者,治疗后15天、30天和60天时,替米沙坦组平均收缩压/舒

Dermatol Surg:长期用氢氯噻嗪或增皮肤癌风险

氢氯噻嗪是一种降压的老药,近期来自美国佛罗里达州州立大学Mohs显微手术中心皮肤肿瘤科几位医师的研究表明,氢氯噻嗪或会增加皮肤癌风险。研究者认为,氢氯噻嗪是一种已知的光敏剂,对于皮肤癌高发的人群,比如非西班牙裔白种人,减少应用或是一种有助于降低发病的因素。他们建议,这类患者尽可能更换降压药。在这项研究中,研究者共对其医疗中心5年收治的75例皮肤癌患者用药清单进行了分析。其中,终身鳞状细胞癌超过20

J Hypertens:高钠摄入的高血压人群降压治疗选择替米沙坦还是氢氯噻嗪?

由此可见,替米沙坦和氢氯噻嗪都是高钠摄入量的高血压患者有效地治疗药物。相比于氢氯噻嗪,替米沙坦具有更好的舒张压降低效果和较少的低血钾。需要进一步的研究以评估PP较大的患者氢氯噻嗪合理的优势效果。

J Am Acad Dermatol:丹麦研究:长期用氢氯噻嗪者患皮肤癌的风险增加6倍

一项来自丹麦的研究提示,氢氯噻嗪这种常用的降压药物会导致皮肤癌发生风险增加。究其原因,作者认为,“氢氯噻嗪具有光敏性,从而导致皮肤对紫外线辐射的损害更敏感”。

J INTERN MED:氢氯噻嗪的使用与唇癌的发生风险增加密切相关!

由此可见,氢氯噻嗪的使用与唇癌的发生风险增加密切相关。

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map