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Neurology:癫痫患者,心率变异和死亡率相关

2021-10-27 Freeman MedSci原创

短期LFP的减少与SUDEP有关

癫痫猝死(SUDEP)是癫痫患者死亡的一个常见原因,也是导致潜在生命损失总年数的第二大神经病学原因。可能的机制包括发作引起的脑干、唤醒和心肺功能障碍,通常是在夜间强直-阵挛(TCS)发作之后。

TCS的存在和频率明显增加了SUDEP的风险。TCS可以深刻地损害心肺功能和自主神经功能;其中电生理异常和自主神经功能紊乱也可能增加SUDEP的风险。然而,目前还不可能对SUDEP的预测进行个体风险分层。

心率变异性(HRV)是一种广泛使用的测量心脏神经控制的方法。低心率变异性可强烈预测心脏病患者猝死的风险和老年人的全因死亡率的增加。在癫痫队列中,发作间歇期心率变异的减少与耐药性和癫痫的慢性化有关,并预示着癫痫手术后不太有利的结果

心率变异可能是SUDEP的生物标志物,但研究受到方法学的限制,包括SUDEP病例的记录很少。心率变异是否是SUDEP的风险因素仍有待于在设计良好的研究中加以阐明。

藉此, 澳大利亚莫纳什大学的Shobi Sivathamboo等人,推测心率变异可以帮助识别SUDEP的高风险病人,这些病人可能从更密集的癫痫管理干预和风险缓解策略中受益,如夜间监测。

他们使用基于时间和频谱的心率变异测量。这项国际的、多中心的、回顾性的、嵌套式的病例对照研究评估了后来死于SUDEP的病人在视频-EEG监测(VEM)期间从心电图(ECG)记录中获得的短期发作间的心率变异,并将这些措施与活着的癫痫对照组进行比较。


这项国际性、多中心、回顾性、嵌套式病例对照研究考察了2003年1月1日至2014年12月31日期间接受视频心电图监测(VEM)并随后死于SUDEP的患者。从SUDEP病例和对照组的睡眠和清醒时的5分钟发作间心电图记录中提取了时域和频域成分。

他们确定了31例SUDEP病例和56例对照组。SUDEP病例清醒时的归一化低频功率(LFP)(中位数42.5,IQR 32.6-52.6)低于癫痫对照组(55.5,IQR 40.7-68.9;P=0.015,关键值=0.025)。

在多变量模型中,SUDEP病例的归一化LFP比对照组低(对比-11.01,95%CI:-20.29--1.73;P=0.020,临界值=0.025)。

LFP和SUDEP的潜伏期之间存在负相关,归一化LFP每减少1%,SUDEP的潜伏期就会减少2.7%(95%CI:0.95-0.995;P=0.017,临界值=0.025)。

从VEM到SUDEP的生存时间增加与较高的归一化高频功率(HFP;p=0.002,临界值=0.025)有关。

正常化LFP的生存模型与SUDEP相关(C-statistic 0.66,95% CI:0.55-0.77),随着正常化HFP的加入,该模型非明显增加(C-statistic 0.70,95% CI 0.59-0.81;P=0.209)。

这个研究的重要意义在于发现了:短期LFP的减少与SUDEP有关,LFP是猝死的一个有效生物标志物。HFP的增加与更长的生存期有关,并可能在SUDEP中具有心脏保护作用。心率变异的量化可能有助于对个人SUDEP风险进行分层。



原文出处:
Sivathamboo S, Friedman D, Laze J, et al. Association of Short-term Heart Rate Variability and Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy. Neurology. Published online October 14, 2021:10.1212/WNL.0000000000012946. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000012946

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    2022-08-29 yinhl1978
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    2021-10-27 ZYY7209

    好文章,学习

    0

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    2021-10-27 ms7000000482340083

    0

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