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Nature:母乳喂养或有助于预防胃肠道病毒感染

2020-04-17 佚名 转化医学网

很多人会担心母乳喂养存在一定的缺陷,比如通过母乳喂养可以将一些传染性疾病传播给宝宝。但其实母乳喂养是现在非常推荐的一种方式,不仅对小孩、妈妈,甚至对整个家庭都有非常大的好处。尤其是母乳里面有很多的抗体

很多人会担心母乳喂养存在一定的缺陷,比如通过母乳喂养可以将一些传染性疾病传播给宝宝。但其实母乳喂养是现在非常推荐的一种方式,不仅对小孩、妈妈,甚至对整个家庭都有非常大的好处。尤其是母乳里面有很多的抗体,可以对不少疾病进行抵抗,反而不容易生病。2018年,《自然》杂志上层围绕“婴儿肠道微生物”进行研究,流行病学证据表明了母乳在部分肠道微生物间起着关键作用。现如今,有一项新的研究进行了证据加持,进一步研究了母乳对胃肠道致命性病毒的影响,或能为预防胃肠道疾病提供新的治疗策略。

近日,宾夕法尼亚大学佩雷尔曼医学院的研究人员对数百名婴儿进行了研究,结果表明,即使是少量的母乳也会强烈影响婴儿肠道中病毒种群的积累,并对潜在的致病性病毒起到保护作用。该发现进一步扩展了先前的研究,表明母乳喂养在婴儿与微生物环境之间的相互作用中起着关键作用。这项最新研究可能会影响预防早期胃肠道疾病的策略,并鼓励母亲即使将其与配方奶粉混合也要喂养婴儿母乳。研究结果发表在《自然》杂志上。

宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员使用先进的基因组测序和其他方法,对美国和博茨瓦纳的新生儿的第一个粪便(胎粪)和随后的粪便中的病毒数量和类型进行了测量。分娩后,婴儿几乎没有定植,但到了一个月的生命中,病毒和细菌的种群得到了很好的发展,每克肠内容物中的病毒数量达到了十亿。大多数第一波病毒大多数是掠食者,它们会在第一批寄居在婴儿肠道的细菌中生长。四个月后,可在人细胞中复制并可能使人患病的病毒在婴儿的粪便中更加突出。母乳喂养具有很强的保护作用,抑制了这些潜在致病性病毒的积累。这项工作的另一个结论是,与只食用配方奶相比,即使有时与配方奶混合,母乳也可以起到保护作用。

微生物学系主任弗雷德里克·布什曼(Frederic Bushman)博士说,这些发现可以帮助他们更好地理解为什么有些婴儿在生后几个月会生病并感染致命的感染。

新生儿的出生地在病毒感染的流行中也发挥了作用。与美国婴儿的粪便相比,博茨瓦纳的婴儿在那四个月的大便中更有可能感染那些潜在有害的病毒。

微生物学系的博士后研究员,第一作者Guanxiang Liang博士说,母亲和婴儿的地理位置似乎也有影响,这可能是由于婴儿在环境中接触到的微生物的种类和数量所致。尽管如此,无论是纯母乳喂养还是母乳混合配方奶喂养,博茨瓦纳出生的婴儿似乎仍可以从母乳喂养中受益。

研究人员希望以后能研究不同年龄段的人,以了解病毒的发展(肠道中的病毒种群)如何影响儿童的成长,世界各地婴儿的病毒定植如何变化以及病毒定植如何影响婴儿早产的结果。

文献来源:

Guanxiang Liang,et al.The stepwise assembly of the neonatal virome is modulated by breastfeeding, Nature (2020).

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    2020-12-16 liye789132251
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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=950506, encodeId=f6e295050601, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=37e863495b0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳喂养#</a>可能改变了<a href='/topic/show?id=b1fd816e094' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道微生物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=145, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63495, encryptionId=37e863495b0, topicName=母乳喂养), TopicDto(id=81670, encryptionId=b1fd816e094, topicName=肠道微生物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Tue Mar 23 23:00:31 CST 2021, time=2021-03-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884254, encodeId=f56818842544b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 09:56:39 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1974023, encodeId=dd1d19e40235c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=828d83345b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肠道病毒感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83345, encryptionId=828d83345b1, topicName=胃肠道病毒感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ca772500164, createdName=ms1490123962508630, createdTime=Wed Mar 03 19:56:39 CST 2021, time=2021-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1665097, encodeId=1eb8166509e86, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c8664008e1a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#喂养#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40087, encryptionId=c8664008e1a, topicName=喂养)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0ed425881542, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Sat Jun 06 04:56:39 CST 2020, time=2020-06-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299626, encodeId=cb3d129962669, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Sun Apr 19 05:56:39 CST 2020, time=2020-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1346316, encodeId=0b541346316d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=339e8332035' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肠道#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83320, encryptionId=339e8332035, topicName=胃肠道)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e03212, createdName=liao1619, createdTime=Sun Apr 19 05:56:39 CST 2020, time=2020-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1454623, encodeId=b965145462398, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2bd981e071f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道病毒#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81707, encryptionId=2bd981e071f, topicName=肠道病毒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=2a9a5579963, createdName=liye789132253, createdTime=Sun Apr 19 05:56:39 CST 2020, time=2020-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-04-19 villahu
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JAMA Neurol:母乳喂养与婴儿抗癫痫药物暴露

总的来说,母乳喂养婴儿血液样本中的抗癫痫药物浓度大大低于母亲血液浓度。鉴于母乳喂养的好处以及哺乳期抗癫痫药物的疗效和安全性,支持抗癫痫药物治疗的同时坚持母乳喂养。

Neurology:多发性硬化妇女妊娠相关的复发和母乳喂养

目前大多数MS妇女可以在不增加复发风险的情况下生育。妊娠前疾病控制不佳的妇女可受益于与妊娠和泌乳不冲突的高效DMTs,应该鼓励MS妇女进行纯母乳喂养。

JAMA Oncol:实锤了!近万名国际研究显示母乳喂养可降低24%卵巢癌风险!

导言:母乳喂养对婴儿的影响不言而喻,对母亲的益处也颇多,可以促进子宫收缩、恢复体型,降低产后抑郁、乳腺癌、高血压、心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的发病风险。之前有研究发现母乳喂养与降低卵巢癌风险相关,但遗憾的

婴儿湿疹护理 尽量母乳喂养

湿疹真是会让人抓狂的皮肤病,犯起来成年人都受不了,而婴儿的抵抗力远不如成人,也是湿疹的好目标。婴儿湿疹的原因更多是来自于食物,比如吃了不太好的奶粉,就容易出现湿疹。宝妈宝爸们不要认为这是一个小问题,如果不进行医治,会发展成顽固型,给宝宝留下长久甚至一生的“印记”!

Aust NZJ Obstet Gynaecol:芬太尼硬膜外分娩镇痛对母乳喂养影响的前瞻性队列研究

人们担心芬太尼硬膜外镇痛可能对母乳喂养率产生负面影响。2016年的一项系统回顾没有结论,建议与对照组进行队列研究,以考虑其他潜在的混杂因素。本研究旨在探讨分娩期芬太尼硬膜外镇痛对母乳喂养的影响。

母乳喂养利己利子!JAMA子刊全新分析:还有助预防糖尿病和高血压

近期发表在JAMA网络开放子刊上的一项Meta分析提示,哺乳可降低女士的糖尿病和高血压风险,从而可能改善长期心血管健康。分析结果显示,哺乳超过12个月可将糖尿病风险降低30%,高血压风险降低13%。研究者指出,妊娠期和围产期是女士生活方式健康教育的重要机会,除了减肥、戒烟、运动,还应该倡导哺乳。当然,该meta分析并没有得出因果关联,因此还需要进一步验证。但鉴于哺乳是一种低风险的干预措施,告知女士

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JAMA 子刊:放松疗法对哺乳效果和母婴健康的积极影响

放松干预作为一种简便、低成本且无风险的干预手段,具有广泛的应用前景,特别是在提高母乳喂养成功率和改善母亲心理健康方面。

Front Endocrinol:母乳喂养对妊娠期糖尿病后产后早期葡萄糖耐受不良风险的影响

母乳喂养(BF)与妊娠糖尿病妇女产后早期较少的葡萄糖耐受不良和更好的代谢谱有关。

JAMA 子刊:母乳喂养时间与儿童癌症风险降低有关

研究揭示了较长的纯母乳喂养持续时间(即至少3个月)与儿童B细胞前体急性淋巴细胞白血病(BCP- ALL)风险降低有关。

IJNS:短信干预对母乳喂养效果的影响

结果表明,与没有或一般健康信息相比,短信干预可以改善母乳喂养实践。研究建议,每周从产前到产后发送短信,可以有效提高纯母乳喂养率和母乳喂养自我效能。

JAMA子刊:用哪种方式喂养婴儿的血液金属浓度最低?竟不是母乳喂养?

6个月时的母乳喂养与幼儿期几种必需金属、砷和钡浓度较高相关。

JOP:母乳喂养持续时间与青春期心脏代谢健康的关系

研究评估墨西哥儿童和青少年母乳喂养持续时间与心脏代谢健康之间的相关性。

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