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中枢性卒中后疼痛的诊断评价和治疗

2016-08-27 王学平 李建辉 神经科空间

卒中后疼痛包括一组各种类型的疼痛,例如偏瘫性肩痛、痉挛状态引起的疼痛、其他肌肉骨骼痛、头痛以及中枢性卒中后疼痛(central poststroke pain, CPSP)[1]。CPSP是一种卒中后发生的神经性疼痛综合征,属于慢性中枢性神经痛,由中枢神经系统病变或功能障碍所致[2]。由于难以鉴别伴发于中枢神经系统疾病的其他疼痛,因此Treede等[3]建议将中枢性神经痛定义为"呈现为累及中枢

卒中后疼痛包括一组各种类型的疼痛,例如偏瘫性肩痛、痉挛状态引起的疼痛、其他肌肉骨骼痛、头痛以及中枢性卒中后疼痛(central poststroke pain, CPSP)[1]。CPSP是一种卒中后发生的神经性疼痛综合征,属于慢性中枢性神经痛,由中枢神经系统病变或功能障碍所致[2]。由于难以鉴别伴发于中枢神经系统疾病的其他疼痛,因此Treede等[3]建议将中枢性神经痛定义为"呈现为累及中枢躯体感觉系统的病变或疾病直接后果的疼痛"。卒中后其他疼痛性障碍,例如头痛、痛性痉挛、挛缩、偏瘫性肩痛以及其他类型的肌肉骨骼痛与CPSP的临床表现常常互相重叠,这使得问题更加复杂[2]。CPSP可为自发性,持续或间断性发生,也可因外来刺激引发[2]。尽管CPSP早在卒中后1个月即可出现,但以卒中后3~6个月出现最为常见[4]。症状常常逐渐出现,同时伴有感知感觉缺失的改善和感觉迟钝的出现[5]。症状可局限于手和脚,或者较少地见于肢体近端,例如大腿和肩部[6]。按10分制疼痛量表评分,CPSP的疼痛程度平均为3~6分[2]。自发的持续性疼痛可描述为"灼痛"、"酸痛"、"刺痛"、"冷痛"、"挤压痛",而间歇性疼痛则为"撕裂痛"或"射击样痛"[2]。CPSP的发生率为1%~12%[2],研究之间的差异与纳入标准、CPSP的定义和卒中发病到疼痛评价的时间点有关[7]。迄今最大的一项前瞻性研究从35个国家纳入了15 754例缺血性卒中患者,在卒中发病后1年时有2.7%的患者出现CPSP[8]。此外,CPSP患病率还取决于卒中部位,延髓外侧梗死患者发病后6个月内的CPSP发生率高达25%[9]。CPSP的危险因素包括年龄较小、既往抑郁病史、吸烟史和基线卒中程度较重[8,10]。CPSP的发病机制尚未阐明,可能包括受损感觉传导通路过度兴奋和(或)中枢抑制性通路受损[6],最常提及的理论包括去抑制、中枢失调、中枢致敏和皮质丘脑束功能改变[11,12]。CPSP的治疗具有挑战性,至今尚无普遍接受的治疗指南。现就CPSP的诊断性评价和治疗做一综述,以期引起临床医生的重视。

1 CPSP的诊断评价

确诊CPSP比较困难,主要是由于临床表现的不确定性、常与多种类型的疼痛同时发生以及缺乏明确的诊断标准[2]。CPSP的诊断应结合病史、临床和感觉功能检查、影像学检查(CT或MRI)以及其他临床评价(表1)[2]。卒中史应经影像学检查(CT或MRI)证实,例如病变类型、部位和大小。疼痛史应包括疼痛发作的具体情况、疼痛性质、感觉迟钝或痛觉过敏的存在,并让患者在身体上画出疼痛区域。感觉功能检查可通过应用多种躯体感觉刺激,例如热、压、针刺和振动来评价,定量评价既可证实感觉异常的存在及其分布,又有助于排除疼痛的其他原因[2,11]。其他可能有用的诊断性检查包括躯体感觉诱发电位(somatosensory-evoked potentials, SEPs)[13]、激光诱发电位(laser-evoked potentials, LEPs)[14]和接触性热痛诱发电位(contact heat-evoked potentials, CHEPs)[15]。Misra等[13]的研究显示,68%的CPSP患者存在SEPs异常,但因为不能检查痛觉通路而缺乏特异性。LEPs在检查痛觉通路方面更具特异性,在证实累及伤害性痛觉通路的病变方面有一定的帮助[14]。CHEPs可作为更详细检查躯体感觉通路的一种客观手段,并能客观证实热感觉加工的异常[15]。但是,这些检查尚不能在临床广泛应用,因为它们耗时而且设备昂贵[2]。已有一些用于神经性疼痛的筛查工具[16,17],但它们在CPSP诊断中的价值尚不清楚[2]。疼痛量表,例如视觉模拟量表(Visual Analogue Scale, VAS)和数字分级量表(Numeric Rating Scale, NRS)可用于评价疼痛程度,但没有一种量表是专为CPSP制定的[2]。

表1

中枢性卒中后疼痛的诊断标准[2]

2 CPSP的治疗

2.1 药物治疗

CPSP药物治疗的临床资料有限,体现在两个方面,一是纳入研究的病例数量较少,二是缺乏设计良好的临床试验。临床上用于治疗CPSP的药物包括抗抑郁药和抗惊厥药。其他药物,例如解痉药、麻醉药和镇痛药,要么只见个案报道,要么不是专门在CPSP患者中进行的研究。

2.1.1 抗抑郁药

三环类抗抑郁药阿米替林被认为是CPSP的一线治疗药物,但也有明显的不良反应,而且并非对所有患者有效[18]。1989年,Leijon和Boivie[19]进行了一项小样本双盲安慰剂对照交叉试验,首次证实了阿米替林治疗CPSP的有效性。该研究纳入因卒中后持续性或间歇性疼痛就诊的患者,并排除了伤害性疼痛、周围性神经痛和精神性疼痛。阿米替林的起始剂量为25 mg/d,在4周内逐渐增加至75 mg/d,共治疗4周,评价最后1周内每天疼痛量表评分和最后1 d时的疼痛缓解情况。结果共纳入15例CPSP患者,安慰剂组和阿米替林组各有1例和10例疼痛缓解,差异具有统计学意义。阿米替林的抗胆碱不良反应包括口干、便秘和尿潴留,直立性低血压和心律失常是其潜在的严重不良反应[20]。一项开放标签的研究显示,选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制药氟伏沙明(125 mg/d)对CPSP具有一定疗效,治疗2~4周后VAS评分从(7.7±2.2)分降至(6.0±3.4)分(P<0.01),而且VAS评分的改善在卒中发病后1年内的患者中存在统计学意义,而在病程长于1年的患者中则不然;Zung自我评价抑郁量表(Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale, SDS)评分也显著改善,但VAS与SDS评分之间无显著相关性[21]。尽管这项研究并非双盲随机对照试验,但其结果表明氟伏沙明在卒中后相对早期可用于控制CPSP,无论患者是否存在抑郁。

2.1.2 抗惊厥药

抗惊厥药可通过包括降低神经元过度兴奋在内的多种机制发挥止痛作用[2]。一项双盲安慰剂对照交叉试验显示,卡马西平(800 mg/d)治疗CPSP的效果并不优于安慰剂[19]。而且,卡马西平的不良反应以及与其他药物间的相互作用也限制了其临床应用,可能的不良反应包括共济失调、皮疹、低钠血症、骨髓功能障碍和肝功能障碍[20]。一项双盲安慰剂对照交叉试验显示,拉莫三嗪(从50 mg/d逐渐增加至200 mg/d)可降低疼痛量表评分中位数(拉莫三嗪和安慰剂组分别为5分和7分,P<0.01),而且能够显著改善总体疼痛评分以及自发性疼痛、痛觉过敏和感觉迟钝持续时间,不良反应发生率与安慰剂组相近(分别为57%和60%)[22]。因此,拉莫三嗪对CPSP有一定的疗效,而且耐受性良好。Kim等[23]进行了一项普瑞巴林治疗CPSP的为期13周的多中心双盲安慰剂对照随机试验,共纳入219例患者(普瑞巴林组110例,安慰剂组109例),主要疗效终点为最后7 d期间日常疼痛评定量表的平均评分,次要终点包括其他疼痛指标以及患者报告的睡眠和健康相关生活质量量表评分。主要疗效终点为阴性,普瑞巴林组和安慰剂组基线疼痛量表评分分别为6.5分和6.3分,终点时分别为4.9分和5.0分(P=0.578)。但是,这一结果应谨慎解释,因为尽管主要终点未达到统计学显著性,但在8周时普瑞巴林组与安慰剂组相比出现显著疼痛缓解,此后疼痛减轻不再具有统计学意义。因此,这种阴性结果可能是因为安慰剂组疼痛随着时间的推移持续减轻,从而导致终点时两组间统计学差异的丧失。这种在疼痛研究中出现的高安慰剂效应可能妨碍了阳性结果的出现。以往研究显示,安慰剂治疗效应越高,需要治疗的患者数量也越多[24]。安慰剂治疗期间疼痛的大幅减轻可导致天花板效应,从而难以显示试验药物的真正效果[24]。而且,随着研究时间的延长,安慰剂效应有大幅增高的趋势[25]。因此,普瑞巴林在CPSP的治疗中具有一定益处,而且其耐受性通常较好。此外,Takafumi等[26]对20例CPSP患者进行的回顾性研究显示,11例(55%)患者接受普瑞巴林治疗后疼痛减轻,VAS评分从(8.2±1.3)分降至(6.7±2.3)分(P=0.018)。但是,Jungehulsing等[27]对33例CPSP患者进行的一项双盲安慰剂对照交叉研究显示,左乙拉西坦并不能改善疼痛。

2.1.3 中药治疗

我们以往的研究对自拟中风疼痛汤与卡马西平治疗卒中后半身疼痛进行了比较[28]。82例卒中后半身疼痛患者随机分为自拟中风疼痛汤组(42例,丘脑梗死和丘脑出血分别为25例和17例)和卡马西平组(40例,丘脑梗死和丘脑出血分别为24例和16例),分别口服自拟中风疼痛汤(2剂/d)和卡马西平(0.1 g,3次/d),均治疗10 d。疗效判定标准为:(1)痊愈:半身疼痛症状消失;(2)显效:半身疼痛明显减轻;(3)好转:半身疼痛减轻;(4)无效:半身疼痛无明显减轻。结果表明,治疗组痊愈17例(40.5%),显效15例(35.7%),好转8例(19.0%),无效2例(4.8%),总有效率95.2%;对照组痊愈8例(20%),显效12例(30%),好转14例(35%),无效6例(15%),总有效率85%。两组有效率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。该结果提示,中药治疗CPSP有一定的疗效。

2.2 非药物治疗

CPSP的非药物治疗方法主要包括有创性的运动皮质刺激(motor cortex simulation, MCS)和深部脑刺激(deep brain stimulation, DBS)以及无创性的重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, rTMS)和经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS)。有关这些治疗方法的研究资料同样有限,更是缺乏设计良好的较大样本随机对照试验。

2.2.1 rTMS

运动皮质rTMS是一种无创性方法,其对疼痛的影响不大且持续时间较短,但不良反应极少,可使疼痛缓解时间延长[20],因此已被用于CPSP患者的研究和治疗。Hasan等[29]在14例CPSP患者(11例缺血性卒中,3例出血性卒中)中评价了rTMS治疗后疼痛和躯体感觉功能的改变,采用MRI引导的经颅磁刺激图确定与疼痛区域(手11例,下肢远端3例)对应肌肉诱发反应的运动热点(motor hotspot),靶向rTMS 5个周期(10 Hz,2 000次刺激),在基线时和rTMS后在疼痛区和对侧镜像区进行定量躯体感觉测验。结果表明,基线时受累侧热冷以及热冷疼痛阈存在显著性异常,rTMS后冷感觉阈和患者报告的疼痛(0~10分数字评分量表)显著改善,而且检测到的温度感觉阈改善与疼痛评分的降低之间存在显著相关性。Kobayashi等[30]对18例CPSP患者的初级运动皮质给予rTMS(5 Hz rTMS 10 s,每次10组,1次/周),12例和6例患者分别进行为期12周和1年的治疗。结果显示,8周时rTMS的治疗效应达到平台期,12周时rTMS的有效率为61.1%。在18例患者中,有5例VAS评分降低>70%,6例降低40%~69%,其他7例降低<40%。当根据是否伴有严重感觉迟钝进行分组后,伴有严重感觉迟钝的8例患者的疼痛减轻程度不及不伴严重感觉迟钝者。此外,6例rTMS持续治疗1年的患者其疼痛缓解也一直持续维持。该研究提示,每周1次初级运动皮质rTMS有助于缓解CPSP患者的疼痛。Hosomi等[31]进行了一项初级运动皮质rTMS治疗神经性疼痛的随机双盲假刺激对照交叉研究,共纳入64例患者,其中52例(81%)为CPSP;rTMS组29例(CPSP 22例,占76%),假刺激组35例(CPSP 30例,占86%)。rTMS方案为初级运动皮质5 Hz rTMS(刺激500次),1个周期/d,持续10 d。结果显示,rTMS组VAS评分较假刺激组显著下降(P<0.001),且未观察到严重不良反应。不过,该研究并未对CPSP患者进行单独分析。de Oliveira等[32]进行的前瞻性双盲假刺激对照研究探讨了运动前区/背外侧前额皮质(premotor cortex/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, PMC/DLPFC)rTMS在CPSP患者中的镇痛作用,随机分组后给予左侧PMC/DLPFC 10 Hz rTMS(1 250次刺激/周期,1个周期/d)或假刺激,持续10 d。该研究因21例患者完成整个治疗和随访后无显著效果而提前终止。

2.2.2 DBS

DBS是一种将深部刺激电极插入导水管或脑室周围灰质、特异性丘脑核或内囊的有创性神经外科手术[11]。Owen等[33]的研究显示,15例CPSP患者接受脑室周围灰质区和(或)感觉丘脑(腹后外侧核)DBS治疗,其中10例(70%)有效,但疼痛缓解程度差异较大。一些病例报道显示,左侧丘脑正中核[34]以及伏核与脑室周围灰质联合[35]DBS治疗CPSP也有效。

2.2.3 tDCS

tDCS已被用于各种慢性疼痛的治疗。大多数研究将阳极置于疼痛对侧初级运动皮质上方,而阴极置于另一侧眶上区,2 mA连续刺激20 min[36]。Bae等[37]将14例年龄45~55岁的CPSP患者随机分组接受tDCS和假刺激,每组7例。tDCS采用如上方案,假刺激组只通电30 s。两组均每周干预3 d,持续3周,采用0~10分制VAS评价主观疼痛。结果显示,tDCS可显著缓解CPSP患者的疼痛。几项病例报道也显示tDCS可改善CPSP和运动功能,而且大脑半球间平衡得到改善[36,38]。

2.2.4 MCS

MCS可调节参与疼痛调控的不同结构和神经通路[11]。Fagundes-Pereyra等[39]报道10例CPSP患者接受MCS治疗有效,Tanei等[40]报道8例丘脑卒中后CPSP患者中6例有效。然而,Nandi等[41]的研究显示MCS并不总能减轻CPSP,特别是长期缓解。Lazorthes等[42]认为,MCS的治疗效果取决于刺激电极置于合适运动皮质的准确性和刺激参数的设定。此外,这些研究均既非盲法设计,也未设立对照组,本身就存在很大的局限性。

3 结语

卒中后疼痛的原因多种多样,它们常常同时存在于卒中患者。因此,识别疼痛的原因和类型,对CPSP与其他类型的卒中后疼痛(例如肌肉骨骼痛和痉挛状态引起的疼痛)进行鉴别,对于寻求相应的治疗方法非常重要,因为一种药物对不同类型疼痛(例如伤害性疼痛或CPSP)的治疗效果存在差异。应根据病史(包括疼痛史)、临床检查、感觉功能检查、显示脑实质病变的影像学检查(如CT或MRI)以及其他合适的评价手段做出CPSP的诊断。

同样,CPSP的治疗也具有挑战性。无论是药物治疗还是非药物治疗,现有的研究资料都非常有限。相关研究要么是病例报道,要么是小样本观察性研究,随机对照试验极少,而且证据质量普遍不高。最近,Mulla等[43]对以英文发表的CPSP治疗随机对照试验进行了一项系统评价,仅纳入8项试验共459例患者,其中5项为交叉对照研究[5,22,27,31,44],仅3项为平行对照研究[23,45,46],涉及的治疗方法包括抗惊厥药、抗抑郁药、阿片类拮抗药、rTMS和针刺。结果提示,所有这些治疗对疼痛的影响轻微甚至无影响。因此,今后仍然需要设计良好的平行随机对照研究来进一步探讨CPSP的合适治疗方法。

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  1. 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createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=111362, encodeId=887f11136212, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Sep 05 10:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-06 ylzr123

    好文,从这里学习了好多新知识,新信息。赞了!

    0

  4. 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likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117513, encodeId=7ad711e5136b, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=111362, encodeId=887f11136212, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Sep 05 10:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-10 1def6e10m76(暂无匿称)

    很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习

    0

  5. 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likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117513, encodeId=7ad711e5136b, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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    2016-09-10 1def6e10m76(暂无匿称)

    很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习

    0

  6. 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createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117516, encodeId=c93811e51629, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117511, encodeId=527611e51180, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=111362, encodeId=887f11136212, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Sep 05 10:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-10 1def6e10m76(暂无匿称)

    很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习

    0

  7. 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topicList=[TopicDto(id=36019, encryptionId=9f4e360191a, topicName=卒中后)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ff7426824786, createdName=waiwai3039, createdTime=Mon Jan 16 16:43:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=141191, encodeId=58c2141191f3, content=好文,从这里学习了好多新知识,新信息。赞了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Thu Oct 06 18:54:03 CST 2016, time=2016-10-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117512, encodeId=447711e512cb, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117513, encodeId=7ad711e5136b, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117516, encodeId=c93811e51629, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117511, encodeId=527611e51180, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=111362, encodeId=887f11136212, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Sep 05 10:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-10 1def6e10m76(暂无匿称)

    很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习

    0

  8. 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topicList=[TopicDto(id=36019, encryptionId=9f4e360191a, topicName=卒中后)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ff7426824786, createdName=waiwai3039, createdTime=Mon Jan 16 16:43:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=141191, encodeId=58c2141191f3, content=好文,从这里学习了好多新知识,新信息。赞了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Thu Oct 06 18:54:03 CST 2016, time=2016-10-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117512, encodeId=447711e512cb, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117513, encodeId=7ad711e5136b, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117516, encodeId=c93811e51629, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117511, encodeId=527611e51180, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=111362, encodeId=887f11136212, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Sep 05 10:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-10 1def6e10m76(暂无匿称)

    很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习

    0

  9. 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likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=117513, encodeId=7ad711e5136b, content=很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTInOuicIVN8Y32NO4Q53Zpd86ObmNp2WIotichCD0qQHaUBeHj7hgwQBCzX7ce4aEw5ZP8icQQfLH9Zw/132, createdBy=4ec21734756, createdName=1def6e10m76(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 10 04:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=111362, encodeId=887f11136212, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Sep 05 10:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-10 1def6e10m76(暂无匿称)

    很好的课程,学到很多,继续学习

    0

  10. 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    2016-09-05 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

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