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不是所有的心律失常都需要治疗

2018-08-11 张海澄 北京大学人医院 张海澄|微信公众号

如果把窦性心律失常计算在内,则心律失常的发生率为100%,也就是说心律失常人皆有之,只是发生的年龄、时间、种类、持续时间、伴发症状的轻重等不同而已。曾经有人对一般人群连续监测7天的心电图,半数左右记录到室早、房早、房速、房颤等各种各样的心律失常。但需要强调的是,有心律失常,并不意味着一定要治疗,其实有很多的心律失常真的并不需要积极治疗。

如果把窦性心律失常计算在内,则心律失常的发生率为100%,也就是说心律失常人皆有之,只是发生的年龄、时间、种类、持续时间、伴发症状的轻重等不同而已。曾经有人对一般人群连续监测7天的心电图,半数左右记录到室早、房早、房速、房颤等各种各样的心律失常。但需要强调的是,有心律失常,并不意味着一定要治疗,其实有很多的心律失常真的并不需要积极治疗。

由于抗心律失常药物应用后,也可能使原有的心律失常加重,甚至导致新的心律失常出现,因此,能够分辨哪些心律失常不需要治疗显得尤为重要。

评估心律失常是否需要治疗

临床上决定一种心律失常是否需要治疗,首先要客观地评估这种心律失常对人体危害的大小与缓急。一般来说,包括以下几个方面:

1. 心率的快慢:对于心功能正常的人来说,心率在40~160 bpm的范围内都能基本维持人体代谢的基础需要,而低于40 bpm或高于160 bpm的心率将引起明显的血流动力学影响和临床症状,并使血管事件的发生率增高。进行长时程监测,昼夜及全天的平均心率水平是最关键的指标,当然,有无长时间的心脏停搏也非常重要。

2. 心律失常持续的时间:心律失常的持续时间是其对人体危害性大小的又一重要指标,因为心律失常对人体的危害可随持续时间的延长而有累积作用。持续的心动过速最终可能会引发心律失常性心肌病、心衰,甚至死亡。

3. 房室分离:心律失常发生时如果存在房室分离,则对人体的影响明显较大,可以从心电图上判断是否存在房室分离。

4. 心脏结构与功能是否正常:同一种心律失常,伴或不伴器质性心脏病能产生显着不同的影响,心律失常与器质性心脏病对患者的影响既各自独立、又相互关联,进而产生两者的叠加作用,因此,对心律失常的患者,进行超声心动图检查以了解心脏的结构与功能至关重要。

不需要治疗的心律失常可分为三种类型

1. 对人体危害较小的心律失常:发作次数少(可以间歇几年发生一次)、持续时间短(每次发作持续几秒或几分钟便自行恢复)、虽持续存在但对血流动力学影响小(心律失常可持续存在几年、甚至几十年,但心脏的形态与功能未受任何影响)。

2. 功能性心律失常:自律性异常引起的心律失常多为功能性改变,多发生于心中那个结构与功能正常的患者,活动时心律失常反而减少或减轻,属于可逆病变,一般无需积极治疗;

3. 心律失常已无逆转可能:心律失常多已固定而不可逆,对其再做进一步治疗已无更多意义,例如房内阻滞、房间阻滞、左或右束支阻滞、一度房室阻滞等。

几种常见的不需治疗的心律失常

1. 无症状性的窦性心律失常:如患者无症状,一般性的窦性心动过缓、窦性心律过速、窦性心律失常、窦房结游走心律等无需积极治疗。

2. 无症状或症状轻微的各种早搏:如无明确病因,心脏结构与功能均无明显异常,越活动越减少或减轻者,很可能为功能性早搏,即使频发呈二联律、三联律,也可仅定期随访而不用抗心律失常药物治疗,但应做好解释工作、消除患者顾虑。对于器质性心脏病变引起的早搏,如无明显症状,对血流动力学无明显影响且联律间期又不短时,也毋需积极治疗。

3. 偶发、短阵的快速性室上性心律失常:当各种快速室上性心律失常仅偶然发生(几个月或几年发生一次),或发作持续时间很短(几秒或几分钟),而又不伴明显症状及无器质性心脏病时,则不需服用抗心律失常药物做预防性治疗。这类心律失常包括偶发、短阵的室上速、房扑、房颤等。

4. 逸搏性心律:一般来说,各种逸搏或逸搏心律多数属于代偿性、生理性的心律失常,不需做针对性治疗。

5. 并行心律:并行心律多发生在非器质性心脏病患者,仅部分患者伴有器质性心脏病,并行收缩和并行心律多不引起IBD%E8%AF%8A%E6%B2%BB%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%84%E4%BC%B0-Part%202" target="_blank">血液动力学改变,但其本身顽固常使治疗难以奏效,一般不做针对性药物治疗。

6. 轻度传导阻滞:一度、二度Ⅰ型房室阻滞属于轻度房室阻滞,而二度Ⅰ型房室阻滞又多为生理性,尤其发生在夜间或睡眠时,因其不影响心输出量而不需积极治疗。伴有活动病变者,例如心肌感染或心肌缺血引起时,也只对病因进行治疗。经对因治疗后传导阻滞仍不恢复者,可定期随访不再治疗。其他类型的阻滞包括房内阻滞、房间阻滞、室内阻滞、左或右束支阻滞等,这些阻滞本身无特殊药物治疗或已形成不可逆损害,故不做针对性治疗。

很多心律失常可以不积极治疗,但不等于对之置若罔闻。因为同一种心律失常可能存在明显的个体差异,例如每天5万次室早的患者可能一生心脏功能都不受损害,但少数患者每日2万~3万次室早在几年后却可发生心脏扩大、心功能下降,诊断为心律失常性心肌病。有些心律失常对人体的危害有累积效应,随着发病时间的延长可从无影响到出现有明显的影响。

此外,心律失常也可能在不断发展之中,例如二度Ⅰ型房室阻滞,随访观察几年后当其发展为二度Ⅱ型房室阻滞、高度房室阻滞、几乎完全性房室阻滞时则需要植入起搏器治疗。因此,心律失常暂不治疗并不意味着可以掉以轻心,而要充分重视、密切监测。

对心律失常最佳的监测是定期做动态心电图和超声心动图的检查(建议每年一次)。动态心电图检查能评估一年中心律失常有无进展与变化,而超声心动图则能评估心律失常对心脏的形态与功能有无进一步损害。一旦患者心脏出现扩大或心功能下降,排除了其他影响因素后,应诊断患者已发生了心律失常性心肌病,并积极给予相应的有效治疗。

需要教给患者的是:在平时就要学会给自己把脉,观察整齐不整齐,每分钟跳多少次?在感觉心慌不适时,再自己把脉看齐不齐,每分钟跳多少次,这对于医生诊断与治疗至关重要,是真正的第一“手”资料!

对不需治疗的心律失常认识水平的提高有着重要的临床意义,不仅可减少药物浪费,降低患者负担,同时还能把抗心律失常药物的致心律失常作用、把增加患者死亡的严重不良作用等降到最低。

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    2018-08-12 lietome24

    不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!

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createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:13 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-12 zb1235672

    学习了!!!!!!

    0

  3. 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level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fhZdOu27e88Voqh19n8eF8cLplo8L4nicKtH0WnE3KFELXns5XDu8rsiceK2HHDZc2SEStia5VV3Pia2QLMVqlWbHw/0, createdBy=6e012139475, createdName=神功盖世, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:51:51 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338060, encodeId=9fb133806070, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:47 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338059, encodeId=468a33805900, 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338057, encodeId=5ad533805e87, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:32 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338056, encodeId=7adb338056e4, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:27 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338055, encodeId=710b338055e7, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:18 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338054, encodeId=1115338054e2, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:13 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-12 神功盖世

    0

  4. 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level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fhZdOu27e88Voqh19n8eF8cLplo8L4nicKtH0WnE3KFELXns5XDu8rsiceK2HHDZc2SEStia5VV3Pia2QLMVqlWbHw/0, createdBy=6e012139475, createdName=神功盖世, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:51:51 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338060, encodeId=9fb133806070, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:47 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338059, encodeId=468a33805900, 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time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338055, encodeId=710b338055e7, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:18 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338054, encodeId=1115338054e2, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:13 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-12 Y—xianghai

    学习了长知识

    0

  5. 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content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:42 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338058, encodeId=c20f33805864, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:36 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338055, encodeId=710b338055e7, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:18 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338054, encodeId=1115338054e2, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:13 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-12 Y—xianghai

    学习了长知识

    0

  6. 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content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:42 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338058, encodeId=c20f33805864, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:36 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338055, encodeId=710b338055e7, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:18 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338054, encodeId=1115338054e2, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:13 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-12 Y—xianghai

    学习了长知识

    0

  7. 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level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fhZdOu27e88Voqh19n8eF8cLplo8L4nicKtH0WnE3KFELXns5XDu8rsiceK2HHDZc2SEStia5VV3Pia2QLMVqlWbHw/0, createdBy=6e012139475, createdName=神功盖世, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:51:51 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338060, encodeId=9fb133806070, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:47 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338059, encodeId=468a33805900, 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338057, encodeId=5ad533805e87, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:32 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338056, encodeId=7adb338056e4, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:27 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338055, encodeId=710b338055e7, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:18 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338054, encodeId=1115338054e2, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:13 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-12 Y—xianghai

    学习了长知识

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338095, encodeId=a0813380952f, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eb131638261, createdName=lietome24, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 09:13:29 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338077, encodeId=e96b3380e7ff, content=学习了!!!!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=59321624668, createdName=zb1235672, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 07:20:21 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338069, encodeId=ea0e338069c1, content=阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fhZdOu27e88Voqh19n8eF8cLplo8L4nicKtH0WnE3KFELXns5XDu8rsiceK2HHDZc2SEStia5VV3Pia2QLMVqlWbHw/0, createdBy=6e012139475, createdName=神功盖世, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:51:51 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338060, encodeId=9fb133806070, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:47 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338059, encodeId=468a33805900, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:42 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338058, encodeId=c20f33805864, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:36 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338057, encodeId=5ad533805e87, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:32 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338056, encodeId=7adb338056e4, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:27 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338055, encodeId=710b338055e7, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:18 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338054, encodeId=1115338054e2, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:13 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-12 Y—xianghai

    学习了长知识

    0

  9. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338095, encodeId=a0813380952f, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eb131638261, createdName=lietome24, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 09:13:29 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338077, encodeId=e96b3380e7ff, content=学习了!!!!!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=59321624668, createdName=zb1235672, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 07:20:21 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338069, encodeId=ea0e338069c1, content=阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fhZdOu27e88Voqh19n8eF8cLplo8L4nicKtH0WnE3KFELXns5XDu8rsiceK2HHDZc2SEStia5VV3Pia2QLMVqlWbHw/0, createdBy=6e012139475, createdName=神功盖世, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:51:51 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338060, encodeId=9fb133806070, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:47 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338059, encodeId=468a33805900, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:42 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338058, encodeId=c20f33805864, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:36 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338057, encodeId=5ad533805e87, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:32 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338056, encodeId=7adb338056e4, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:27 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338055, encodeId=710b338055e7, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:18 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338054, encodeId=1115338054e2, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:13 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-12 Y—xianghai

    学习了长知识

    0

  10. 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content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:42 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338058, encodeId=c20f33805864, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:36 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338055, encodeId=710b338055e7, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:18 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=338054, encodeId=1115338054e2, content=学习了长知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Sun Aug 12 06:40:13 CST 2018, time=2018-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-12 Y—xianghai

    学习了长知识

    0

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2018年4月,发表于《Diabetes Care》上的一项研究,对磺脲类药物的安全性进行了对比,考察了其心脏骤停及室性心律失常(SCA/VA)的风险。

挑战心电图:药物性心律失常

一名72岁的女性,每天两次口服美托洛尔5mg,每天两次氟卡胺150mg用于心脏节律控制,每天2mg醋氨甲酚用于呕吐,晕厥,疲劳持续3天。体格检查显示心率为110次/分,血压为106/78mmHg,室内空气下全身氧饱和度为98%。血清钾为3.76 mEq/L,血清镁为1.8 mg/L,血清钠为124 mEq/L,血清肌酐为1.1 mg/dL。ECG的显示如图1所示。诊断是什么,应该如何治疗?

刷存在感!这个患者也需植入起搏器?!

一度房室传导阻滞多见于健康人,尤其是在60岁以上的老年人,一般也无重要的临床意义,多是建议定期随访,与它的老大哥三度房室传导阻滞相比,它可算是一个小透明。但是这个小透明有时也会怒刷自己的存在感。

心肌梗死为何引发室性心律失常?

虽然发生猝死的原因有很多种,但其中最常见的仍是心源性猝死,我国每年猝死者中75%为心源性猝死。研究表明,心源性猝死多发生于器质性心脏病的患者中,约80%的心源性猝死是由冠心病及其并发症所引起,其中76%发生在急性心肌梗死发病后。心肌梗死发生后,供血中断,心肌收缩功能明显下降,患者常会因发生恶性心律失常(室速、室颤)而猝死。

2018 EHRA共识:心律失常的性别差异

2018年6月,欧洲心律学会(EHRA)发布了心律失常的性别差异共识。人们越来越多地意识到性别是心律失常的发生,病因以及临床表现的主要决定因素。本文主要提供了在心律失常的病理生理学,流行病学以及临床管理中的性别差异,提供了改善女性心律失常患者的治疗策略。

Diabetes:ADAMTS13缺陷会缩短实验性糖尿病小鼠的寿命

ADAMTS13,是一种血浆金属蛋白酶,可高效清除血栓性VWF多聚体;糖尿病患者的ADAMTS13活性多降低,是心血管事件的重要风险因素。Paola Cassis等人利用链脲霉素诱导的Adamts13-/-糖尿病小鼠模型,探究缺乏ADAMTS13对糖尿病相关的终末器官并发症的发展的影响。与野生型的糖尿病同窝小鼠相比,Adamts13-/-小鼠寿命缩短。此外,小鼠死亡与可检测出到的血栓事件的发生无关

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