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JAHA:SGLT2i和GLP-1RA对老年患者的心血管疗效比较

2022-02-11 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在伴有HF病史但没有CVD的患者中,SGLT2i与GLP-1RA相比降低了心血管风险。在既往没有CVD或HF的患者中,使用GLP-1RA治疗的动脉粥样硬化CVD事件发生率更低。

近30%的65岁以上美国人患有糖尿病,并且在过去几十年中患病率一直在稳步上升。糖尿病是心血管疾病(CVD)的主要危险因素,与非糖尿病患者相比,2型糖尿病患者发生冠状动脉疾病、心肌梗死(MI)、卒中、心力衰竭(HF)和其他心血管事件的风险更高。与没有糖尿病的患者相比,糖尿病和心血管疾病的患者也更有可能出现反复发作(例如再梗死)和死亡。因此,优化心血管发病率和死亡率已成为糖尿病患者管理的关键焦点。

随机试验证明了钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂(SGLT2i)和胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂(GLP-1RA)的心脏保护作用。近日,心血管疾病领域权威杂志JAHA上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员旨在评估它们在患有广泛动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(CVD)或心力衰竭(HF)的人群中的相对心血管疗效。

研究人员确定了2013年至2017年的医疗保险受益人,年龄>65岁,在基线后1年启动SGLT2i(n=24747)或GLP-1RA(n=22596)治疗。根据基线期间的诊断,研究人员将患者分为:(1)无心衰或其他心血管疾病,(2)心衰但无其他心血管疾病,(3)无心衰但有其他心血管疾病,以及(4)心衰和其他心血管疾病。研究人员从药物开始到治疗改变、死亡或退出试验等确定了住院心衰和动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病结局。研究人员估计了倾向评分加权的2年风险比(RR)和风险差异,并考虑了测量的混杂、信息审查和竞争风险。

在没有CVD或HF的患者中,与采用GLP-1RA治疗相比,SGLT2i降低了住院HF风险(倾向评分加权RR为0.65;95%CI为0.43-0.96)。这种关联在患有HF但没有CVD的患者中最强(RR为0.48;95%CI为0.25-0.85)。在没有CVD或HF的患者中,与采用GLP-1RA治疗相比,SGLT2i治疗后的心肌梗死、卒中和死亡结局风险略高(RR为1.31;95%CI为1.09-1.56)。在伴有HF病史的亚组中,该关联对SGLT2i更有利。

由此可见,在伴有HF病史但没有CVD的患者中,SGLT2i与GLP-1RA相比降低了心血管风险。在既往没有CVD或HF的患者中,使用GLP-1RA治疗的动脉粥样硬化CVD事件发生率更低。

原始出处:

Phyo T. Htoo.et al.Cardiovascular Effectiveness of Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists in Older Patients in Routine Clinical Care With or Without History of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases or Heart Failure.JAHA.2022.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/JAHA.121.022376

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    2022-02-14 tulenzi
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    2022-11-10 360611848
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    2022-02-11 zhaohui6731
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    2022-02-11 yibei
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    2022-02-11 jiekemin
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