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Circulation:柳暗花明!COVID-19预后因子GDF-15“临危受命”

2020-11-03 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

为自己,为家人,读文献,学知识。

 

导语:

生长分化因子GDF-15是血管疾病(CVD)的强有力的预后标志物,但其对COVID-19的预后重要性尚不清楚。

 

目前已有多项研究注意到,在COVID-19住院患者中,心律失常、急性冠状动脉综合征和心力衰竭相关事件的发生率较高。20%30%的COVID-19住院患者被诊断存在心肌梗死COVID-19死亡原因中心脏损伤占比高达40%。心血管并发症被认为是COVID-19患者预后的重要因素。

 

生长分化因子-15(GDF-15)是心血管疾病(CVD)的强有力的预后标志物,为探究GDF-15对COVID-19患者预后的重要意义,研究者在一项前瞻性研究中对COVID-19患者进行研究,研究结果发表于最新一期 《Circulation》 。

 

 

研究期间,共纳入123位连续住院COVID-19患者的样本数据进行研究。研究者分别在基线、第3天和第9天收集生物样本进行检测,研究主要终点为重症监护病房的入院以及住院期间的死亡,并将GDF-15的基线浓度和连续监测浓度的预后价值与已确定的心血管生物标志物进行比较。

 

纳入的123例患者中,有35例(28%)到达了主要终点。这些患者年龄较大且多患有糖尿病GDF-15浓度较高。97例患者(79%)出现了基线GDF-15浓度升高,较高的GDF-15浓度与这些患者的SARS-CoV-2病毒血症和低氧血症相关(p0.001)。

 

研究得到的GDF-15中位(IQR)基线浓度为2798(1667-4528)pg/mL,97例患者GDF-15浓度超过年龄特异URL。GDF-15基线浓度较高的患者年龄普遍较大且多伴有糖尿病、高血压、心血管疾病和肾脏疾病,这些患者拥有较高的IL-16、CRP、PCT、铁蛋白、d-二聚体、cTnT等生物标志物水平,同时血红蛋白、淋巴细胞计数和eGFR水平较低。

 

值得关注的是,GDF-15与其他所有心血管生物标志物相关,相关系数分布在0.45~0.64之间。在具有生物标志物和基线特征的多变量回归模型中,较高的GDF-15浓度与年龄、较低的eGFR、较高的CRPPCTd-二聚体浓度相关。

 

48例(39%)患者在基线时出现SARS-CoV-2病毒血症,与较高浓度的GDF-15显著相关(p<0.001)。在校正了年龄、性别、种族等一系列因素后,病毒血症仍然与GDF-15呈现显著相关性(p<0.001)。在包括所有炎症和心血管生物标记物的回归模型中,只有GDF-15在基线时与病毒血症相关。

 

(DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050360)

 

初步的结果中,IL-6、CRP、PCT、铁蛋白、NT-proBNP和GDF-15基线浓度较高均与研究主要终点显著相关。调整基线特征后,IL-6、CRP、PCT、铁蛋白和GDF-15与主要终点呈现相关性。纳入所有生物标志物的回归模型2中,只有铁蛋白与GDF-15依旧与主要终点呈现显著相关性,其中GDF-15在用于区分患者是否达到主要终点时的ROC曲线下面积为0.78

 

DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050360

 

同时,在调整了基线的年龄、性别、种族、BMI、CVD和eGFR后,IL-6和GDF-15仍然与主要终点相关。当所有生物标志物调整到基线浓度时,这些关联仍然是显著的,其中Delta GDF-15ROC曲线下面积为0.69

  

DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050360 

 

研究中保留了49例患者从基线和第9天的生物标志物浓度变化数据,其中23例(47%)为ICU患者,6例(12%)患者死亡,主要终点发生在26名参与者中。对于达到主要终点的参与者,其GDF-15水平在研究期间呈现持续升高,中位GDF-15水平达到了8031IQR=3589~16003pg/mL,而非ICU患者的中位GDF-15水平稳定在2238(IQR=1540~3118) pg/mL

 

 DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050360

 

GDF-15的表达已被证实是由肺器官损伤诱导,同时有研究认为GDF-15的表达可能是许多器官损伤的标志。该临床研究发现SARS-CoV-2病毒血症与高水平的GDF-15有关。在纳入了所有心血管和炎症标志物的模型中,只有GDF-15仍然与病毒血症相关。这一发现可能提示,SARS-CoV-2细胞病变效应与GDF-15在多个组织中的表达之间存在直接联系。

 

有趣的是,该研究再次证实了GDF-15在非白种人族群中水平更高这与之前其他研究者的结论是一致的。但这是否能解释黑人感染COVID-19的风险增加?研究者认为还需要未来进一步大规模的研究。

 

总而言之,该研究得到的主要结论是:在因COVID-19住院的患者中,较高浓度的GDF-15水平与患者的低氧血症有关,且会进一步影响患者的预后。GDF-15的预后重要性优先于已确定的心血管和炎症标记物。

 

同时,研究者强调,通过对低风险患者的识别和早期出院处理,以及高危患者的强化护理,GDF-15的持续监测可能潜在改善疫情期间的医疗资源分配。

 

参考文献

[1] Peder L. Myhre, Christian Prebensen, Heidi Strand, et al. Growth Differentiation Factor-15 Provides Prognostic Information Superior to Established Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Unselected Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19[J]. CIRCULATIONAHA, 2020.

DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050360

 

 

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1910954, encodeId=99d9191095492, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cad1001e728' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#预后因子#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100177, encryptionId=1cad1001e728, topicName=预后因子)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Fri Jun 18 17:43:54 CST 2021, time=2021-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896770, encodeId=f78c896e70bd, content=GDF-15的持续监测可能潜在改善疫情期间的医疗资源分配。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b58d5402080, createdName=咻凡, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 08:40:32 CST 2020, time=2020-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896712, encodeId=5adf896e1276, content=了解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 21:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896696, encodeId=a3e9896696e1, content=不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201103/f8af9d67fd3a4a9eaef32798364efa6a/8f607c38d5644a6784d6b76d5a5cd9a8.jpg, createdBy=b5275291875, createdName=学吾知京, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 20:00:11 CST 2020, time=2020-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896637, encodeId=a48a89663e3a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46f3e900ee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GDF-15#</a>这是有名的<a href='/topic/show?id=09249690598' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#长寿因子#</a>,<a href='/topic/show?id=433810401038' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#换血治疗#</a>使用年轻的主要原因是因为年轻人血液中GDF-15含量比较高有关。但是这个研究明显有问题,因为老年人新冠风险确实高,主要原因是因为合并症多,同时,老年人血液中GDF-15含量相对较低,对应的风险增加,事实上二者可能并没有必然联系。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7900, encryptionId=46f3e900ee, topicName=GDF-15), TopicDto(id=96905, encryptionId=09249690598, topicName=长寿因子), TopicDto(id=104010, encryptionId=433810401038, topicName=换血治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 16:08:44 CST 2020, time=2020-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-04 咻凡

    GDF-15的持续监测可能潜在改善疫情期间的医疗资源分配。

    0

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    2020-11-03 wxl882001

    了解

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1910954, encodeId=99d9191095492, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cad1001e728' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#预后因子#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100177, encryptionId=1cad1001e728, topicName=预后因子)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Fri Jun 18 17:43:54 CST 2021, time=2021-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896770, encodeId=f78c896e70bd, content=GDF-15的持续监测可能潜在改善疫情期间的医疗资源分配。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b58d5402080, createdName=咻凡, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 08:40:32 CST 2020, time=2020-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896712, encodeId=5adf896e1276, content=了解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 21:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896696, encodeId=a3e9896696e1, content=不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201103/f8af9d67fd3a4a9eaef32798364efa6a/8f607c38d5644a6784d6b76d5a5cd9a8.jpg, createdBy=b5275291875, createdName=学吾知京, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 20:00:11 CST 2020, time=2020-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896637, encodeId=a48a89663e3a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46f3e900ee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GDF-15#</a>这是有名的<a href='/topic/show?id=09249690598' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#长寿因子#</a>,<a href='/topic/show?id=433810401038' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#换血治疗#</a>使用年轻的主要原因是因为年轻人血液中GDF-15含量比较高有关。但是这个研究明显有问题,因为老年人新冠风险确实高,主要原因是因为合并症多,同时,老年人血液中GDF-15含量相对较低,对应的风险增加,事实上二者可能并没有必然联系。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7900, encryptionId=46f3e900ee, topicName=GDF-15), TopicDto(id=96905, encryptionId=09249690598, topicName=长寿因子), TopicDto(id=104010, encryptionId=433810401038, topicName=换血治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 16:08:44 CST 2020, time=2020-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-03 学吾知京

    不错

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1910954, encodeId=99d9191095492, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cad1001e728' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#预后因子#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100177, encryptionId=1cad1001e728, topicName=预后因子)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Fri Jun 18 17:43:54 CST 2021, time=2021-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896770, encodeId=f78c896e70bd, content=GDF-15的持续监测可能潜在改善疫情期间的医疗资源分配。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b58d5402080, createdName=咻凡, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 08:40:32 CST 2020, time=2020-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896712, encodeId=5adf896e1276, content=了解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOgo3iaicb1Imgk1yIfnvr6oXzibcAFB6puAyNJXbzWhNuLqaFYBVRWjh7rghkvFLPxMAfD5ib3nXwVD/0, createdBy=bed21972958, createdName=wxl882001, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 21:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896696, encodeId=a3e9896696e1, content=不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201103/f8af9d67fd3a4a9eaef32798364efa6a/8f607c38d5644a6784d6b76d5a5cd9a8.jpg, createdBy=b5275291875, createdName=学吾知京, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 20:00:11 CST 2020, time=2020-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=896637, encodeId=a48a89663e3a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46f3e900ee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GDF-15#</a>这是有名的<a href='/topic/show?id=09249690598' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#长寿因子#</a>,<a href='/topic/show?id=433810401038' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#换血治疗#</a>使用年轻的主要原因是因为年轻人血液中GDF-15含量比较高有关。但是这个研究明显有问题,因为老年人新冠风险确实高,主要原因是因为合并症多,同时,老年人血液中GDF-15含量相对较低,对应的风险增加,事实上二者可能并没有必然联系。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7900, encryptionId=46f3e900ee, topicName=GDF-15), TopicDto(id=96905, encryptionId=09249690598, topicName=长寿因子), TopicDto(id=104010, encryptionId=433810401038, topicName=换血治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 16:08:44 CST 2020, time=2020-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-03 lovetcm

    #GDF-15#这是有名的#长寿因子##换血治疗#使用年轻的主要原因是因为年轻人血液中GDF-15含量比较高有关。但是这个研究明显有问题,因为老年人新冠风险确实高,主要原因是因为合并症多,同时,老年人血液中GDF-15含量相对较低,对应的风险增加,事实上二者可能并没有必然联系。

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