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Nat Med:研究揭示高血压,心脏病的罪魁祸首,开启治疗新方案

2018-01-11 佚名 medicalxpress

一般认为心脏在运动中受到压力是健康的。然而,高血压造成的负荷对心脏有害。为什么?情况总是这样吗?德国心血管研究中心和海德堡大学医院的研究人员最新一个发现了未被发现的信号通路会与心脏衰竭的发生与保护有关。

一般认为心脏在运动中受到压力是健康的。然而,高血压造成的负荷对心脏有害。为什么?情况总是这样吗?德国心血管研究中心和海德堡大学医院的研究人员最新一个发现了未被发现的信号通路会与心脏衰竭的发生与保护有关。

《自然医学》杂志上发表了他们的研究。研究人员检查了心脏的一条代谢过程,这种代谢过程一开始有一种称为组蛋白去乙酰化酶4(HDAC 4)的表观遗传开关。表观遗传学研究环境影响如何调节基因。这种新发现的信号在小鼠心脏的传递途径中,信号可能被上调或下调,这取决于它的应激反应。研究人员确认了这一点,因为在信号通路的末端,HDAC 4片段通常出现在在生理应激即运动后,尤其在健康小鼠心脏中更为普遍。然而,病理应激,例如由于血压升高引起的永久对小鼠心脏造成的压力,并没有产生这种碎片。

研究人员的目的是更密切地研究这种效应,从而改造无法产生HDAC 4片段的小鼠基因。让这些动物受到生理压力,令人惊讶的是,运动不再对它们产生健康影响。相反,他们在剧烈运动后出现了短暂的心力衰竭,表现明显下降。然而,这种心力衰竭自己恢复了。

“我们发现了暂时性的心脏疲劳,这种综合症也在病人身上发现,这是因为只有在运动后的几分钟内或在运动后的几分钟内才能检测到心脏功能。

因此可以得出一个结论,HDAC 4片段可以保护心脏免受暂时性生理应激所造成的损害。然而,为什么不能避免由高血压或其他病态压力引起的压力呢?这是因为休息使一切都不同,在运动中,心脏是有休息时间的。一种叫做蛋白激酶A的酶在这段时间内恢复,然后通过激活HDAC 4片段来确保心脏活动在代谢链的十字路口可遵循一条健康的路径。

在重度高血压引起的永久性应激中,心脏细胞内的信号则遵循新发现的病态路径:在长期应激下,蛋白激酶A的活性最终明显减弱,碎片消失。心肌细胞的新陈代谢会消耗更多的糖而不是脂肪来产生能量。然而,并不是能源生产的变化使心脏不适。相反,这是因为糖的残留物附着在蛋白质上。糖所改变的一些蛋白质最终会抑制钙代谢,抑制心肌的收缩功能,从而导致心脏泵力的缺乏。

“这些发现是新颖的,改变了我们思考心肌细胞失败的方式。通过心脏功能的联系,我们能够证明心脏收缩从表观遗传学到新陈代谢间存在某种联系。研究人员还证明,用HDAC 4片段进行基因治疗可以防止小鼠泵血能力不足。这一全新的治疗原理正在被深入研究。

即使从进化的角度来看,这一机制对研究人员来说似乎也是合理的。我们的祖先经常要在在外活动好几个小时才能找到食物并带回家。在这种情况下,新发现的信号通路可以保护心脏。同时也解释了为什么极限耐力运动没有休息时间会损害心脏。“我们都凭直觉知道休息是很重要的。也许我们现在已经找到了导致这一现象的分子原因”。

心脏持续的压力会导致信号通路的改变,这也可能是心碎综合征(Takotsubo心肌病)的与情绪压力引起心衰的原因。

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    2018-04-20 liye789132251
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    2018-01-13 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2018-01-11 三生有幸9135

    学习一下谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-01-11 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢分享.

    0

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近日国家食品药品监督管理总局发布公告,根据监测评价结果,为进一步保障公众用药安全,总局决定对治伤风颗粒非处方药说明书【规格】、【禁忌】和【注意事项】项进行修订。

Hypertension:Pazopanib,VEGF受体抑制剂,治疗肾细胞癌患者时诱导高血压发生发展的潜在机制。

靶向VEGF(血管内皮生长因子)的药物通常与高血压的快速发展相关,但其机制尚未完全了解。VEGF表达于肾上皮细胞,可刺激产生NO。在肾髓质,通过局部L-NAME或破坏内皮素-1抑制NO的形成,可导致高血压。研究人员推测VEGF受体抑制剂疗法是通过减少肾髓质NO和内皮素-1的形成,导致高血压的发生。研究人员进行一单中心前瞻性观察性实验上述推论进行验证,招募了27位采用受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂pazopa

Hypertension:脉搏波速度可预测青年血压的进展和高血压的发生!

这些结果表明,PWV可预测血压的进展,为年轻的成年人高血压的风险预测提供一个有价值的工具。

Lancet:中国成年人高血压患病、知晓、治疗和控制形势严峻!

2017年12月,发表在《Lancet》的一项由中国和美国科学家进行的研究,考察了在35~75岁的中国成年人中,高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率。

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