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Immunity:人为什么会食物过敏

2015-03-20 佚名 生物谷

食物过敏是发达国家常见的免疫疾病,约有6%的儿童与3%的成年人患有各种各样的食物过敏反应。目前对于治疗食物过敏的方法主要是通过口服的方式引导免疫耐受。然而,口服免疫耐受(OIT)并不能维持长期的免疫耐受效果。这一问题的根源还是在于我们对食物过敏本身的机制还不够了解。 口服耐受是一个古老的免疫现象。大多数免疫原在通过伤口感染或人为注射的方式进入体内的时候都会引起免疫反应,而同样的物质经过消

食物过敏是发达国家常见的免疫疾病,约有6%的儿童与3%的成年人患有各种各样的食物过敏反应。目前对于治疗食物过敏的方法主要是通过口服的方式引导免疫耐受。然而,口服免疫耐受(OIT)并不能维持长期的免疫耐受效果。这一问题的根源还是在于我们对食物过敏本身的机制还不够了解。

 
口服耐受是一个古老的免疫现象。大多数免疫原在通过伤口感染或人为注射的方式进入体内的时候都会引起免疫反应,而同样的物质经过消化道则不易引起免疫反应。研究认为,消化道皮下的调节性T细胞(Treg)能够针对特异性的抗原物质诱导机体产生免疫耐受的关键因素。
 
最近,来自哈佛大学医学院,波士顿儿童医院的Talal A. Chatila课题组在《immunity》杂志上发表了他们关于口服免疫耐受以及食物过敏的分子机制的研究。
 
根据前人的研究,IL-4介导的II型细胞免疫反应对于食物过敏反应具有重要的作用。作者首先构建了IL-4R的超活性突变体小鼠。通过研究发现,突变体小鼠在接受抗原刺激时能够比野生型小鼠产生更多的IL-4,另外,突变体小鼠体内的食物抗原特异性Treg细胞显著减少,在接受食物抗原刺激时,突变体小鼠诱导型Treg(iTreg)细胞的增殖能力与表型也受到了影响。作者通过体内实验发现:突变体小鼠体内的Treg细胞对于食物性抗原的免疫抑制活性也发生了显著的降低。
 
那么这一表型与IL-4的超活化又有神马关系呢?进一步的研究发现:突变体小鼠体内的Treg细胞高量表达IL-4,而且GATA-4,IRF-4的表达水平也显著高于野生小鼠。这一区别在受到抗原刺激时更加明显。另外,食物过敏的表型也依赖于Treg细胞分泌的Th2型细胞因子(IL-4)。这一实验说明突变体小鼠的Treg具有向Th2细胞类型的方向分化的趋势。与此相符,作者在人的样本中也发现:食物过敏患者相对于正常人体内Treg具有Th2型的表型。
 
综上,作者通过一系列实验证明了Treg向Th2的分化是促进机体产生食物过敏反应的原因。而IL-4的超活化可能促使了Treg的不正常分化。

原始出处:

Magali Noval Rivas, Oliver T. Burton, Petra Wise, Louis-Marie Charbonnier, Peter Georgiev, Hans C. Oettgen, Rima Rachid, Talal A. Chatila.Regulatory T Cell Reprogramming toward a Th2-Cell-like Lineage Impairs Oral Tolerance and Promotes Food Allergy[J].Immunity,2015,42(3):512-523.

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    2015-10-12 hlycom3356

    这篇文章写的很好

    0

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    2015-10-12 hlycom3356

    这篇文章写的很好

    0

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    2015-10-12 hlycom3356

    这篇文章写的很好

    0

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38632, encodeId=09b838632d3, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38633, encodeId=8084386334e, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38634, encodeId=ad5438634b1, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030293, encodeId=766c20302935e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Fri Oct 23 09:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18651, encodeId=74521865177, content=然后呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLBzoPY0a1ZQrECBF90v8AkFiaxRlNpGj1mLzD1B7ibnyBjmDEjiauBSDpOw6w4tI7YxmjdWaIW0SXL4/0, createdBy=35951605658, createdName=等你一年又一年, createdTime=Sun Mar 22 19:14:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1416669, encodeId=3d7814166698f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27c710101804' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101018, encryptionId=27c710101804, topicName=食物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e3a33221853, createdName=yhy100201, createdTime=Sun Mar 22 00:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18596, encodeId=5850185968c, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CRAZYDAFF, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 17:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18597, encodeId=371e1859e5c, content=希望继续做下去, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CRAZYDAFF, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 17:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-22 等你一年又一年

    然后呢

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38632, encodeId=09b838632d3, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38633, encodeId=8084386334e, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38634, encodeId=ad5438634b1, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030293, encodeId=766c20302935e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Fri Oct 23 09:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18651, encodeId=74521865177, content=然后呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLBzoPY0a1ZQrECBF90v8AkFiaxRlNpGj1mLzD1B7ibnyBjmDEjiauBSDpOw6w4tI7YxmjdWaIW0SXL4/0, createdBy=35951605658, createdName=等你一年又一年, createdTime=Sun Mar 22 19:14:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1416669, encodeId=3d7814166698f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27c710101804' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101018, encryptionId=27c710101804, topicName=食物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e3a33221853, createdName=yhy100201, createdTime=Sun Mar 22 00:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18596, encodeId=5850185968c, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CRAZYDAFF, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 17:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18597, encodeId=371e1859e5c, content=希望继续做下去, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CRAZYDAFF, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 17:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-22 yhy100201
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38632, encodeId=09b838632d3, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38633, encodeId=8084386334e, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38634, encodeId=ad5438634b1, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030293, encodeId=766c20302935e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Fri Oct 23 09:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18651, encodeId=74521865177, content=然后呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLBzoPY0a1ZQrECBF90v8AkFiaxRlNpGj1mLzD1B7ibnyBjmDEjiauBSDpOw6w4tI7YxmjdWaIW0SXL4/0, createdBy=35951605658, createdName=等你一年又一年, createdTime=Sun Mar 22 19:14:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1416669, encodeId=3d7814166698f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27c710101804' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101018, encryptionId=27c710101804, topicName=食物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e3a33221853, createdName=yhy100201, createdTime=Sun Mar 22 00:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18596, encodeId=5850185968c, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CRAZYDAFF, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 17:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18597, encodeId=371e1859e5c, content=希望继续做下去, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CRAZYDAFF, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 17:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-21 CRAZYDAFF

    有意思

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38632, encodeId=09b838632d3, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38633, encodeId=8084386334e, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=38634, encodeId=ad5438634b1, content=这篇文章写的很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 13:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030293, encodeId=766c20302935e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Fri Oct 23 09:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18651, encodeId=74521865177, content=然后呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLBzoPY0a1ZQrECBF90v8AkFiaxRlNpGj1mLzD1B7ibnyBjmDEjiauBSDpOw6w4tI7YxmjdWaIW0SXL4/0, createdBy=35951605658, createdName=等你一年又一年, createdTime=Sun Mar 22 19:14:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1416669, encodeId=3d7814166698f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27c710101804' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101018, encryptionId=27c710101804, topicName=食物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e3a33221853, createdName=yhy100201, createdTime=Sun Mar 22 00:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18596, encodeId=5850185968c, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CRAZYDAFF, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 17:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18597, encodeId=371e1859e5c, content=希望继续做下去, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CRAZYDAFF, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 17:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-21 CRAZYDAFF

    希望继续做下去

    0

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向小鼠的胃肠道引入梭菌属细菌能保护这些小鼠不受花生致敏作用的影响,这提示类似的方法可能提供食物过敏的疗法。美国儿童的食物过敏发生率在1997年到2007年之间上升了18%,而且许多研究提示近来饮食、卫生和抗生素使用的变化可能改变正常的胃肠道细菌,其方式增加了对食物过敏的易感性。 为了研究改变的胃肠道细菌对食物的免疫应答的影响,Cathryn Nagler及其同事诱导了小鼠的食物过敏原致敏。当暴

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