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BMJ:需警惕阿片药物停药导致的患者药物过量及自杀风险

2020-03-08 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

停止阿片类药物治疗后,患者因过量用药或自杀死亡风险增加,停药前治疗时间越长患者的风险越高。患者在开始或停止阿片类药物治疗的前3个月需给予特别关注

近日研究人员通过退伍军人健康管理数据库考察了阿片类药物治疗与量用药或自杀死亡之间的关系。

研究分析了2012年10月1日至2014年9月30日期间,退伍军人健康管理局收录的1394102名患者数据,分析患者门诊阿片处方情况,通过多变量Cox非比例危险回归模型考察阿片药物过量或自杀引起的死亡,考察治疗时间(小于30天、31-90天、91-400天和大于400天)、停药与不良结局的关系。

研究发现2887人死于用药过量或自杀。总体上阿片类药物治疗的停药率为57.4%(n=799668),按阿片类药物治疗时间计算分别为32.0%(30天以内)、8.7%(31-90天)、22.7%(91-400天)和36.6%(400天以上)。阿片类药物停药与治疗时间之间的相互作用显著(P<0.001);但不论治疗时间长短,停止治疗均会导致药物过量或自杀死亡风险增加,治疗时间越长,风险越大。根据药物使用时间,停药的风险比分别为1.67(≤30天)、2.80(31-90天)、3.95(91-400天)和6.77(>400天)。数据表明,过量或自杀死亡率在阿片类药物开始或停止后立即增加,3-12个月后风险逐步降低。

研究认为,停止阿片类药物治疗后,患者因过量用药或自杀死亡风险增加,停药前治疗时间越长患者的风险越高。患者在开始或停止阿片类药物治疗的前3个月需给予特别关注。

原始出处:

Elizabeth M Oliva et al. Associations between stopping prescriptions for opioids, length of opioid treatment, and overdose or suicide deaths in US veterans: observational evaluation.BMJ. 04 March 2020.

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    2020-05-15 gaoxiaoe
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    2020-03-10 yinhl1980

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