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Neuropsychol Rev:认知干预是否可改善老年阿尔茨海默病患者的认知功能?

2022-06-09 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种退行性的神经系统疾病,会逐渐影响到记忆、执行功能、视觉空间能力、注意力和其他认知功能,是老年人中最常见的痴呆形式。

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种退行性的神经系统疾病,会逐渐影响到记忆、执行功能、视觉空间能力、注意力和其他认知功能,是老年人中最常见的痴呆形式。认知干预是一种重要的非药物干预类型,可以改善认知健康或有轻度障碍或痴呆的老年人的认知功能,包括认知训练、认知刺激和认知康复。近日,发表于Neuropsychol Rev的一项系统回顾重新评估了认知干预对AD患者的疗效。

这项回顾性研究最终纳入了20项研究(包括2012名参与者)。在全球认知功能方面,8项研究的综合平均差异(MD)为1.67(95%置信区间:0.45,2.89,p=0.007;Q=33.28,df=8,p<0.0001,τ2=2.17,I2=76%)。6项RCTs的集合标准化平均差异(SMD)在中期是1.61(95%置信区间:0.65,2.56,p = 0.0009;Q = 127.66,df = 6,p < 0.00001,τ2 = 1.56,I2 = 95%)。七项研究的汇总SMD在长期方面为0.79(95%置信区间:0.33, 1.25, p = 0.0008; Q = 35.10, df = 7, p < 0.0001, τ2 = 0.33, I2 = 80%)。对于抑郁症,两项试验的汇总SMD在短期内为-0.48(95%置信区间:-0.71,-0.24;p < 0.0001,I2 = 4%)。

综上所述,该研究结果表明,认知训练无论是在短期、中期还是长期干预后,都可能对全局认知功能有明显的改善,在短期干预后,对抑郁症也有明显的改善。然而,干预对总体认知功能或抑郁症的积极作用似乎在干预结束后并没有持续下去。目前仍缺乏与认知刺激和认知康复对观察结果、认知训练对记忆或其他非认知结果的影响有关的可靠和一致的结论。

原始出处:

Yun-Yun Wang, et al., The Effect of Cognitive Intervention on Cognitive Function in Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.  Neuropsychol Rev. 2022 Jun;32(2):247-273. doi: 10.1007/s11065-021-09486-4.

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