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Am JPEM:肠促胰素可能会直接影响机体的血糖、脂质代谢及血流动力学

2015-01-19 angletears 译 MedSci原创

肠促胰素(GLP-1和GIP)是以葡萄糖依赖的方式,促进胰岛素的分泌的。何谓以葡萄糖依赖的方式,即在高糖状态下,肠促胰素会促进更多的胰岛素分泌。大鼠的细胞学研究证明,在肌肉和肝脏组织中,GLP-1可以通过类似于胰岛素的信号途径,上调葡萄糖代谢,这一发现在人体的肌肉组织中也得以证实。已有研究证明,GLP-1可以抑制内源性葡萄糖的产生,改变脂代谢。但是,GLP-1抑制脂代谢的研究,是高胰岛素状态下得出

肠促胰素(GLP-1和GIP)是以葡萄糖依赖的方式,促进胰岛素的分泌的。何谓以葡萄糖依赖的方式,即在高糖状态下,肠促胰素会促进更多的胰岛素分泌。大鼠的细胞学研究证明,在肌肉和肝脏组织中,GLP-1可以通过类似于胰岛素的信号途径,上调葡萄糖代谢,这一发现在人体的肌肉组织中也得以证实。已有研究证明,GLP-1可以抑制内源性葡萄糖的产生,改变脂代谢。但是,GLP-1抑制脂代谢的研究,是高胰岛素状态下得出的结论。另有人体试验证明,GIP可增强脂质代谢,增加机体脂肪组织的血流量。这就是说,在这些研究中,GIP本身的作用并不完全清楚,因为GIP诱发的胰岛素分泌不完全受控制。


目前,在体实验中,GLP-1和GIP对血糖和脂质代谢、血流动力学的影响,仍不清楚。最近,丹麦的Kristian Karstoft和他的团队,评估在正常和高糖状态下,肠促胰素不依赖胰岛素的效应,对葡萄糖和甘油代谢、血流动力学的直接影响。在一项随机对照交叉研究中,研究者选取年轻健康男性作为受试对象。每一个试验,由两个阶段胰钳试验组成(正常血糖和高糖状态),使用生长激素抑制激素抑制内源性胰岛素的生成。葡萄糖和脂质的代谢通过灌注稳定的葡萄糖和甘油同位素示踪剂进行测定。试验中测量以下血流动力学变量,如:股动脉、肱动脉、颈总动脉血流量及肱动脉血流-介导的血管舒张功能(FMD)。三个试验中,第一组:灌注生理盐水作为对照组;第二组:GLP-1(0.5 pmol/kg/min);第三组:GIP (1.5 pmol/kg/min)。

他们观察到,在正常血糖状态下,没有发现葡萄糖输注率、葡萄糖或甘油代谢动力学,存在组间差异性。然而,在高糖状态下,发现灌注GLP-1组,葡萄糖输注率和葡萄糖清除率相较于对照组和GIP组,升高了(P<0.01)。而正常胰岛素水平状态下,葡萄糖输注率和葡萄糖清除率的组间差异就不存在了。除了观察到,GIP灌注组,高血糖状态下股动脉血流比正常血糖状态下的更快外,没有发现其他血流动力学变量存在组间差异性。

总之,GLP-1和GIP在正常血糖状态下,对整个机体的血糖代谢和血流动力学都没有直接的影响。但是,在高糖环境中,GIP对血糖代谢没有直接的影响,却可以增加股动脉的血流,而GLP-1很可能可以直接增加葡萄糖的利用。

原始出处:

Karstoft K1, Mortensen SP2, Knudsen SH3, Solomon TP4.The direct effect of incretin hormones on glucose and glycerol metabolism and hemodynamics.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Jan 6:ajpendo.00520.2014. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00520.2014. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2015-10-20 feather89
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心房钠尿肽(atrial natriuretic peptide, ANP)是由心房肌细胞合成并释放的肽类激素,人血液循环中的ANP由28个氨基酸残基组成。ANP的主要作用是使血管平滑肌舒张和促进肾脏排钠、排水。当心房壁受牵拉时(如血量过多、头低足高位、中心静脉压升高和身体浸入水中)均可刺激心房肌细胞释放ANP。 2013年,Kim M和他的团队证明,在小鼠实验中,GLP-1受体激动剂通过刺

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