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Diabetes Care:机器学习优化糖尿病和冠心病的亚型

2021-11-01 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在T2DM和ASCVD患者中,聚类分析确定了四个临床上不同的群体。进一步的心血管表型是有必要的,以告知患者护理和优化临床试验设计。

机器学习是一门多领域交叉学科,涉及概率论、统计学、逼近论、凸分析、算法复杂度理论等多门学科。 专门研究计算机怎样模拟或实现人类的学习行为,以获取新的知识或技能,重新组织已有的知识结构使之不断改善自身的性能。它是人工智能核心,是使计算机具有智能的根本途径。

2型糖尿病(T2DM)和动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病(ASCVD)患者之间的表型异质性界定不清。为此,有学者使用聚类分析的机器学习算法来确定T2DM和ASCVD试验参与者的表型,结果发表在近期Diabetes Care杂志上。

使用了西格列汀心血管结果评估试验(TECOS)研究的数据(n = 14671),这是一项心血管结果安全试验,在T2DM和ASCVD患者中比较西格列汀和安慰剂(中位随访3.0年)。使用40个基线变量进行聚类分析,并通过Cox比例危害模型评估聚类与主要综合结果(心血管死亡、非致命性心肌梗死、非致命性中风或因不稳定心绞痛住院)之间的关联。随后利用艾塞那肽降低心血管事件研究(EXSCEL)试验复制了结果。

最终确定了四种不同的表型:群组I包括高发冠心病的高加索男性;群组II包括低BMI的亚洲患者;群组III包括患有非冠心病ASCVD疾病的女性;群组IV包括患有心衰和肾功能障碍的患者。

根据聚类方法分为4个群组患者及相应的心血管风险

在群组I至群组IV中,分别有11.6%、8.6%、10.3%和16.8%的患者发生主要结局。最高风险群与最低风险群(第四群与第二群)的心血管风险的差异具有统计学意义(HR=2.74[95%CI 2.29-3.29])。在EXSCEL中也发现了类似的表型和结果。

综上,在T2DM和ASCVD患者中,聚类分析确定了四个临床上不同的群体。进一步的心血管表型是有必要的,以告知患者护理和优化临床试验设计。

 

参考文献:

Cluster Analysis of Cardiovascular Phenotypes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Potential Approach to Precision Medicine. Diabetes Care 2021 Oct; dc202806. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-2806

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    2021-11-01 weichi

    学习了

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