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中国医学专家率先发现寨卡病毒“克星” 受国际关注

2017-07-27 孙国根 陈静 中国新闻网

寨卡病毒“爆发式传播”已成为“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”,但全球并无可有效防治寨卡病毒感染的疫苗或药物。中国医学专家经短短两年艰辛攻关,在抗寨卡病毒药物研究中获重要进展。

寨卡病毒“爆发式传播”已成为“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”,但全球并无可有效防治寨卡病毒感染的疫苗或药物。中国医学专家经短短两年艰辛攻关,在抗寨卡病毒药物研究中获重要进展。

记者26日获悉,复旦大学基础医学院陆路、姜世勃研究团队与复旦大学附属公共卫生临床中心和军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所研究团队,合作设计的“多肽类病毒灭活剂”可有效杀灭寨卡病毒,阻止其感染孕鼠及其胎儿,对研发防治寨卡病毒感染的药物有重大意义。这项成果26日在线发表在国际权威期刊《自然通讯》(NatureCommunications)上,引起世界医学界关注。


寨卡病毒研究成果示意图。

据悉,寨卡病毒是一种有包膜、蚊媒传播的病毒。1947年,该病毒首次在乌干达的恒河猴体内分离得到。2007年以前,该病毒只零星感染人类,但2007年后人类出现爆发感染。截止2017年3月,全球约80多个国家或部落报道了该病毒的感染。为此,世界卫生组织将南美地区发生的寨卡病毒“爆发式传播”宣布为“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”。

据姜世勃教授介绍,寨卡病毒感染人类,通常只引起低热、斑丘疹、关节疼痛、结膜炎等症状;但如感染孕妇,可能导致胎儿脑部先天性发育畸形,产生小头症等;同时该病毒也是导致低热、斑丘疹、关节疼的古兰-巴雷综合征诱发原因之一;已有实验证明,该病毒如感染雄性小鼠,会导致其睾丸受损,甚至不育。

姜世勃坦言,目前,全球并无可有效防治寨卡病毒感染的疫苗或药物,且现有的研究主要集中在抗寨卡病毒的小分子药物和抗体药物。他指出,比小分子药物更安全、比抗体药物成本更低的多肽类药物是新兴药物的研究方向之一。

据了解,两年前,陆路、姜世勃研究团队首先对寨卡病毒E蛋白的序列进行分析和研究,成功地研发出了一种能够灭活寨卡病毒的多肽候选药物(Z2)。研究人员发现该多肽可与寨卡病毒的表面蛋白结合,最终使病毒失去感染活性。体外细胞模型及体内动物模型上的实验结果亦显示Z2多肽可较好地抑制寨卡病毒的感染。

之后,研究人员进一步研究发现,Z2多肽具有穿透胎盘屏障的能力,不仅能够降低寨卡病毒感染孕鼠血清中的病毒滴度,还能显著降低胎盘和胎儿寨卡病毒的感染率,阻止寨卡病毒的垂直传播。此外,该多肽灭活剂对孕鼠及胎鼠均表现出较好的安全性,有望发展为可防治寨卡病毒感染的新型药物,尤其适用于孕妇等寨卡病毒感染的高危人群。

据悉,复旦大学基础医学院于玉凤、军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所邓永强和上海市公共卫生临床中心邹鹏为该论文的共同第一作者;复旦大学陆路研究员、姜世勃教授及军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所秦成峰研究员是共同通讯作者。

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    2017-07-29 changjiu

    学习了,谢谢

    0

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    2017-07-27 林3301

    中国医学总算有让国际关注的东东了

    0

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    2017-07-27 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    学习学习

    0

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寨卡病毒(Zika)由蚊虫传播,是一种新型的导致大脑异常的致畸机制,可使婴儿患“小头症”。产前诊断和判断胎儿预后都有很大的挑战,对于大多数先天性感染的诊断都依赖于超声。

Nat Commun:登革热感染究竟会不会增强寨卡病毒的发病?

这项研究的结果显示,与之前没有感染过黄热病毒的猕猴相比,感染过登革热病毒的猕猴能够更快的清除血液中寨卡病毒的数量,暗示曾经登革热病毒的感染可能导致免疫反应的变化缩短清除病毒的时间,但是并不会导致寨卡病毒的发病机制的增强。但是值得注意的是,这项研究的结果与今年稍早时间的一项报导的结果存在争议。在另一项研究中,登革热的感染所产生的抗体会促进寨卡病毒的发病机制(请参考梅斯医学的之前报导)。

泰国 11 人确认感染寨卡病毒

泰国披集府政府部门 4 日证实,自本月 1 日以来披集府已有 11 人确认感染寨卡病毒,另有 27 人出现疑似症状,等待进一步筛查。 披集府府尹威拉萨·威集森西当天对媒体说,已发现寨卡病毒在披集府邦纳朗县蔓延,实验室检测结果显示有 11 人确认感染,相关人员都在医院接受治疗。他强调目前没有死亡病例,当地已经开展灭蚊行动以阻断其传播途径。威集森西称有信心能控制寨卡病毒蔓延。他提醒民众,如果出现感冒、

Nature:寨卡病毒助力蚊媒获得感染

蚊媒传染病是通过蚊虫叮咬传播给人类及动物宿主的一大类疾病。近年来,多种新发及再发病毒性蚊媒传染病,包括寨卡病毒(ZIKV)、登革病毒(DENV)和乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)等对人类的健康产生了严重的威胁。自1947年首先在乌干达发现以来,随后,ZIKV在法属波利尼西亚暴发,随即迅速蔓延至南美,引起了全球广泛关注。

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