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J Virol:中科院微生物所孟颂东课题组发现T细胞驱动的乙肝病毒进化机制

2018-09-03 佚名 中科院微生物所

通过临床样本分析发现乙肝病毒核心蛋白突变与慢性乙肝疾病进展密切相关,进一步利用热休克蛋白gp96抗原呈递和活化T细胞的功能,采用T细胞表位预测与免疫学功能分析、结构免疫学分析,鉴定出一系列CD8+ T细胞表位及其氨基酸变异位点,发现与野生型表位相比表位突变导致T细胞抗病毒活性显着降低,并与乙肝感染患者的临床指征和疾病进展呈正相关。

我国约有7200万人慢性感染乙肝病毒,乙肝慢性感染引发肝硬化、肝衰竭和肝癌,严重危害人民身体健康。乙肝病毒特异性T细胞免疫对于清除病毒感染、影响疾病进展发挥核心作用,而乙肝病毒通过基因突变逃避T细胞免疫清除,从而导致感染慢性化和免疫逃逸。因此,研究病毒免疫逃逸规律对于设计新型治疗性疫苗和抗病毒药物具有重要意义。中科院微生物所孟颂东课题组在国际病毒学老牌期刊Journal of Virology发表题为CD8+ T-Cell Response-Associated Evolution of Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein and Disease Progress论文,揭示T细胞驱动的乙肝病毒进化机制。

通过临床样本分析发现乙肝病毒核心蛋白突变与慢性乙肝疾病进展密切相关,进一步利用热休克蛋白gp96抗原呈递和活化T细胞的功能,采用T细胞表位预测与免疫学功能分析、结构免疫学分析,鉴定出一系列CD8+ T细胞表位及其氨基酸变异位点,发现与野生型表位相比表位突变导致T细胞抗病毒活性显着降低,并与乙肝感染患者的临床指征和疾病进展呈正相关。进一步通过结构分析和序列比对发现人类主要组织相容性复合物(HLA-A2)呈递的“M形”病毒核心抗原表位的C末端凸起高度变异,该部位是T细胞受体识别的主要位点(见图1),揭示病毒在T细胞选择压力下免疫逃逸的分子机制,为设计以gp96为佐剂的新型乙肝治疗性疫苗和药物提供了依据。


图. HLA-A2相关的乙肝病毒核心抗原表位变异的结构学解析

上述研究成果发表在新近一期Journal of Virology杂志,中科院微生物所张宇和吴燕作为论文共同第一作者,微生物所孟颂东和国家疾控中心刘军作为共同通讯作者,病原室的多个课题组参与该项研究。该研究得到国家973项目、自然科学基金项目和中科院一带一路项目等的资助。

这是该课题组在乙肝病毒表位变异与进化机制方面发表的第3篇论文,之前的研究分别发表在Journal of Virology(2013),Protein Cell (2014)。 微生物所研究员孟颂东和课题组二十多年来一直坚持研究热休克蛋白gp96免疫学功能和生物学功能,在该领域形成了自己的研究特色和核心技术,这些研究不仅证明T细胞免疫对于清除乙肝病毒感染、实现慢性乙肝功能性治愈至关重要,而且提示以gp96为T细胞佐剂的乙肝治疗性疫苗对于治疗慢性乙肝具有开发价值。

原始出处:Zhang Y1,2, Wu Y3, Deng M1, et al. CD8+ T-Cell Response-Associated Evolution of Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein and Disease Progress. J Virol. 2018 Aug 16;92(17). 

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    2019-04-12 gous
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