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搭桥治疗左主干病变优于介入!柳叶刀杂志NOBLE研究5年结果

2020-01-08 朱朱 中国循环杂志

如今,随着介入技术的飞速发展,在治疗冠脉左主干病变时,经皮冠脉介入治疗的应用越来越多,而作为标准治疗方案的心脏搭桥手术应用越来越少。近期发表在Lancet杂志上的NOBLE研究5年结果为心脏搭桥手术“正名”了:在左主干病变患者中,在降低死亡、心肌梗死、再次血运重建等事件的发生风险方面,冠脉介入治疗不如心脏搭桥术。分析结果表明,接受冠脉介入治疗和心脏搭桥手术的左主干病变患者5年主要不良心脑血管事件(

如今,随着介入技术的飞速发展,在治疗冠脉左主干病变时,经皮冠脉介入治疗的应用越来越多,而作为标准治疗方案的心脏搭桥手术应用越来越少。

近期发表在Lancet杂志上的NOBLE研究5年结果为心脏搭桥手术“正名”了:在左主干病变患者中,在降低死亡、心肌梗死、再次血运重建等事件的发生风险方面,冠脉介入治疗不如心脏搭桥术。

分析结果表明,接受冠脉介入治疗和心脏搭桥手术的左主干病变患者5年主要不良心脑血管事件(全因死亡、非手术相关心肌梗死、再次血运重建、中风)发生率分别为28%和19%,前者发生风险增加58%,远超过预设最高增加35%风险的非劣性限度。

这说明,心脏搭桥手术的表现明显优于冠脉介入治疗。

冠脉介入治疗组的非手术相关心肌梗死(8% vs 3%,HR=2.99)和再次血运重建(17% vs 10%,HR=1.73)发生率明显高于心脏搭桥手术组,但两组的全因死亡率(均为9%)和中风发生率(4% vs 2%)相似。

不过,心脏搭桥手术组中因出血再次手术的发生率更高(4% vs 1%以下),住院时间明显延长(9天 vs 2天)。

近期,随着BBC的爆料,EXCEL研究(另一项评估冠脉介入治疗和心脏搭桥手术治疗左主干病变的研究)数据造假一事引发了很大的争论。

基于此,欧洲心胸外科协会(EACTS)撤回了2018版指南“冠脉介入治疗作为左主干病变中低危患者的Ⅰa类适应证”建议。

作为EXCEL研究的主要研究者(PI),美国西奈山伊坎医学院的Gregg Stone教授表示,NOBLE的最新研究结果并不会带来什么大改变。

在该研究中,冠脉介入治疗组尽管非手术相关心肌梗死和再次血运重建发生率较高,但住院时间明显缩短,出血和输血也大大减少。

他指出,在讨论中,研究者给出了经过缜密思考的解释:尽管冠脉介入治疗组的主要不良心脑血管事件发生率高于心脏搭桥手术组,但两组死亡率相当,且大多数研究中心脏搭桥术后一般中风发生率较高,冠脉介入治疗早期更有优势。

因此在对左主干病变行冠脉介入治疗时,心脏团队需要与患者详细讨论两种治疗方案的获益和风险,确保能够提供充分的知情同意。

他认为,这些话道出了所有比较冠脉介入治疗和心脏搭桥手术研究的一个关键信息,即两种治疗措施是截然不同的,但均有自己的长处和短板。

对于部分患者来说,给合冠脉解剖、合并症以及临床判断,就能清楚地决定哪种治疗方案是最佳选择。但对于其他很多患者来说,主要根据短期和长期目标以及患者意愿来选择治疗方案。

关于EACTS是否应该撤回左主干病变中冠脉介入治疗Ⅰa类适应证的相关建议时,NOBLE研究的主要研究者Evald H Christiansen表示,期待针对大规模随机对照的左主干病变临床试验的Meta分析结果。

他认为,合并糖尿病的左主干病变患者可能更应该选择心脏搭桥手术,而在有经验丰富的左主干病变介入专家施行冠脉介入治疗、确保支架充分扩张的情况下,可在仔细讨论两种治疗策略的利弊后,进行冠脉介入治疗。

NOBLE研究为一项前瞻性、随机、开放标签、非劣性研究,覆盖9个北欧国家的36家医院,一共纳入1201例需要血运重建的左主干病变患者,随机分入冠脉介入治疗组和心脏搭桥手术组。17人失访,两组均有592人纳入最终分析。

来源:

1、Percutaneous coronary angioplasty versus coronary artery bypass grafting in the treatment of unprotected left main stenosis: updated 5-year outcomes from the randomised, non-inferiority NOBLE trial. Lancet. Published online December 23, 2019.

2、NOBLE at 5 Years Supports CABG Over PCI in Left Main Disease. Medscape. January 02, 2020

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    2020-12-04 ms4000001617780766

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    2020-12-04 ms4000001617780766

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    2020-01-08 天地飞扬

    学习了

    0

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既往已有研究报道了冠脉搭桥(CABG)和经皮导管介入术(PCI)在治疗左冠状动脉主干病变(LMCA)预后疗效中的差异,但其超远期的预后比较尚不清楚。本研究的目的旨在评估和比较CABG和PCI在治疗LMCA十年后的疗效。本研究纳入分析了MAIN-COMPARE临床研究中的2240名LMCA患者 ,其中1102名接受了PCI治疗,1138名接受了CABG治疗,经过10年随访分析后,发现两组患者在死亡风

JACC:冠脉搭桥治疗伴有糖尿病和左心功能不全的冠心病患者效果更佳

经皮冠脉介入术(PCI)和冠脉搭桥术(CABG)在多血管冠脉病变(CAD)及糖尿病患者中的应用已经被大量报道,但是这些临床研究大部分均排除了左室功能不全(LVD)的患者。本研究的目的旨在评估PCI或者CABG是否会改善CAD伴糖尿病和LVD患者的预后。本研究的主要终点事件是主要不良心脑血管疾病事件的发生,包括死亡、卒中、心梗和反复的血管再生的复合发生率。结果显示,相比于CABG组患者,PCI组患者

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