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BLOOD:PKM2促进中性粒细胞激活和脑血栓炎症对缺血性中风的治疗意义

2021-09-22 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

目前,急性缺血性中风可通过使用重组组织纤溶酶原激活剂(rtPA)静脉溶栓和/或机械血栓切除来治疗。虽然这两种方法都是有效的,但它们也有局限性。例如,在rtPA中,近17-34%的卒中患者给药后观察到早

目前,急性缺血性中风可通过使用重组组织纤溶酶原激活剂(rtPA)静脉溶栓和/或机械血栓切除来治疗。虽然这两种方法都是有效的,但它们也有局限性。例如,在rtPA中,近17-34%的卒中患者给药后观察到早期动脉再闭塞和不甚理想的预后结局。这些局限性提示了我们对新的辅助治疗的需求,以有效提高卒中再灌注治疗效果。

近日有研究团队发现,在人类和小鼠中,缺血性中风发作后,中性粒细胞中的核丙酮酸激酶肌肉2 (PKM2) 是全身性炎症的调节剂,他们利用已有合并症的小鼠模型确定了PKM2在中风发病机理中的作用。

在野生型 (PKM2fl/flLysMCre) 和高脂血症背景 (PKM2fl/flLysMCre Apoe-/-) 上生成了新型骨髓细胞特异性 PKM2 -/-小鼠。对照是同窝 PKM2 fl/fl LysMCre-或 PKM2 fl/fl LysMCre - Apoe -/-小鼠。

骨髓细胞中PKM2的遗传缺失限制了脑缺血/再灌注后外周中性粒细胞的炎症反应,并减少了中性粒细胞的细胞外陷阱,这表明PKM2在中风时会促进中性粒细胞的过度活化。

在丝状体和自体凝块/rtPA 中风模型中,无论性别如何,野生型或高脂血症小鼠髓样细胞中PKM2的缺失都会减少梗塞并增强长期感觉运动恢复。激光散斑成像显示髓样细胞特异性PKM2缺陷小鼠的局部脑血流量改善,同时伴有缺血后脑血栓炎症(脑内纤维蛋白(原)、血小板(cd41阳性)沉积、中性粒细胞浸润和炎症细胞因子)的减少。

机制上,PKM2通过促进STAT3磷酸化来调节外周中性粒细胞的缺血后炎症。为了增强翻译意义,研究团队使用小分子抑制PKM2核易位,发现中性粒细胞过度活化显著减少,并改善了卒中后的短期和长期功能预后。

总的来说,这些发现表明PKM2是一种新的治疗靶点,可以改善再灌注后的脑挽救和恢复。  

原始出处:

Nirav Dhanesha, Rakesh B. Patel, Prakash Doddapattar, Madankumar Ghatge, Gagan D Flora, Manish Jain, Daniel Thedens, Heena Olalde, Mariia Kumskova, Enrique Leira, Anil K Chauhan; PKM2 promotes neutrophil activation and cerebral thrombo-inflammation: Therapeutic implications for ischemic strokeBlood 2021; blood.2021012322. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021012322

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    2021-09-24 by2009
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