Baidu
map

Trends Mol Med:消除神话,关注HIV治疗新方法

2015-04-16 叶予 生物通

几十年来,研究者们一直在尝试控制和根除HIV病毒。HIV发现者之一、著名病毒学家Jay Levy指出,HIV领域存在一些错误的认识,一些值得关注的理念受到了忽视。他在四月十四日的Trends in Molecular Medicine杂志上发表文章,号召HIV研究者们保持怀疑精神,不要漏掉其他有潜力的治疗途径。“这篇文章可能会引发争议,但人们需要了解事情的另一面,”加州大学的Levy说。“我希望H

几十年来,研究者们一直在尝试控制和根除HIV病毒。HIV发现者之一、著名病毒学家Jay Levy指出,HIV领域存在一些错误的认识,一些值得关注的理念受到了忽视。他在四月十四日的Trends in Molecular Medicine杂志上发表文章,号召HIV研究者们保持怀疑精神,不要漏掉其他有潜力的治疗途径。

“这篇文章可能会引发争议,但人们需要了解事情的另一面,”加州大学的Levy说。“我希望HIV研究者们能够停下脚步,关注那些有潜力的研究方向。

Levy在文章提出了值得反思的六大问题,他认为思考这些问题可以帮助人们更好的理解艾滋病,寻找新的治疗策略。

1.HIV感染到底是不是绝症?

人们过去认为,确诊HIV就相当于宣判了死刑。但有证据表明,小部分HIV感染者不接受治疗也不表现出症状,能够正常的生活。这些人的免疫系统能够控制病毒十年以上,甚至超过三十五年。“研究这些抵御了HIV感染的人,可以加深我们对艾滋病预防的理解,这一点很重要,”Levy写到。

2.人体的先天免疫是否与适应性免疫同样重要?

研究者们发现,有些人感染HIV多年也不表现出症状,有些人多次接触HIV也没有被感染。在这些案例中,先天免疫系统(抵御病毒的第一道防线)起到了非常重要的作用。如果先天免疫应答失败,适应性免疫(T细胞和B细胞)就会开始起作用。Levy认为先天免疫系统应该受到更多的关注,尤其是其中的免疫细胞及其分泌的因子。这方面的研究可以帮助研究者们找到更好的办法预防HIV感染和艾滋病。

3.CD8+ T细胞对抗HIV的机制?

免疫系统是一个复杂的细胞群体,能通过多种机制攻击病原体。人们研究HIV已经有三十多年了,但还没有完全了解免疫细胞的应答机制。CD8+ T淋巴细胞一直是HIV研究者们关注的焦点,这些细胞能够杀死被感染的细胞,对HIV病毒进行控制。Levy在文章中探讨了CD8+ T细胞控制HIV的另一种机制:它们分泌的因子能在不杀死细胞的情况下抑制病毒,允许被感染细胞继续发挥功能。在这种情况下,病毒不能生产,细胞也不会死亡。这种免疫应答适用于所有类型的HIV,人们可以在此基础上增强免疫系统的抗病毒应答和开发相应的疫苗。CD8+ T细胞的两种活性都需要得到重视。

4.什么时候应该进行抗逆转录病毒治疗?

不可否认,抗逆转录病毒药物取得了很大的成功,降低了病毒载量、减少了病毒传播、提高了HIV患者的生活质量。现在医生们往往一诊断出艾滋病就开这些药物。但Levy提出了自己的质疑:在患者没有出现症状时,是否值得让其承受长期服药带来的副作用(包括肾脏和肝脏损伤)。“终生使用ART相当于一直接受化疗,”他在文章中写到。最近在艾滋病防治中还出现了用治疗来预防(treatment as prevention)的趋势,卫生机构将抗逆转录病毒药物发给HIV阴性的高危人群,以降低他们被病毒感染的几率。Levy对此感到忧虑,抗逆转录病毒药物还是一种新治疗策略,目前还不清楚如果个体因为副作用(恶心或疲劳)中断用药会不会影响其效果。此外,这样使用药物可能会促使病毒产生耐药性。人们应当充分考虑到这种药物的毒性,以及病毒出现抗性的风险。“只注重眼前利益会让人误入歧途,”他说。

5.HIV疫苗应当考虑什么策略?

Levy还指出,目前HIV疫苗的临床试验存在一个很大的问题。这些试验大多是在寻找更好的中和性抗体,即使获得成功也是很有限的。开发其他疫苗策略其实更有前景,比如说强化免疫系统的抗病毒应答,尤其是先天免疫系统。此外,研究经常接触HIV但却没有感染的个体,或者用灭活病毒制作疫苗都是很有价值的。

6.治愈HIV应该走什么途径?

“柏林病人”因为移植了可以抵抗HIV的干细胞,实现了HIV治愈。这样的案例激励了许多研究者向这一目标努力,但人们选择的有些方向还缺乏坚实的实验基础,Levy说。要想清除已经整合到细胞基因组的病毒,就需要更好的认识其中的挑战。Levy看好的是,通过基因编辑模拟“柏林病人”接受的治疗。他还相信,增强免疫系统的抗HIV应答,是通向成功的捷径。“这样可以实现持久的HIV控制,就像那些长期不发病的感染者一样。这种策略可以避免病毒复制及其有害影响,最终实现HIV的‘功能性治愈’。”Levy还在文章中指出,“研究者们需要认真审视研究得出的结果,思考自己的观察是不是真正的答案,以免忽视或者遗漏了更有价值的东西。”

原始出处:

Jay A. Levy.Dispelling myths and focusing on notable concepts in HIV pathogenesis.Trends in Molecular Medicine, April 13, 2015.doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2015.03.004

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1785266, encodeId=840b1e85266c5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51906e79a6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ENDS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6779, encryptionId=51906e79a6, topicName=ENDS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=82ba2500166, createdName=ms1467340776200723, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 08:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903083, encodeId=1e731903083b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Tue May 19 04:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1905687, encodeId=68c8190568e85, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2ebd1e7981a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#trend#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17798, encryptionId=2ebd1e7981a, topicName=trend)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ced3193, createdName=freve, createdTime=Mon May 18 22:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083143, encodeId=7e8c2083143ae, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=79e264641cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64641, encryptionId=79e264641cd, topicName=治疗新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Thu May 28 20:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1606475, encodeId=3fdf16064e5f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Apr 18 01:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1785266, encodeId=840b1e85266c5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51906e79a6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ENDS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6779, encryptionId=51906e79a6, topicName=ENDS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=82ba2500166, createdName=ms1467340776200723, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 08:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903083, encodeId=1e731903083b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Tue May 19 04:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1905687, encodeId=68c8190568e85, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2ebd1e7981a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#trend#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17798, encryptionId=2ebd1e7981a, topicName=trend)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ced3193, createdName=freve, createdTime=Mon May 18 22:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083143, encodeId=7e8c2083143ae, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=79e264641cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64641, encryptionId=79e264641cd, topicName=治疗新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Thu May 28 20:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1606475, encodeId=3fdf16064e5f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Apr 18 01:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1785266, encodeId=840b1e85266c5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51906e79a6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ENDS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6779, encryptionId=51906e79a6, topicName=ENDS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=82ba2500166, createdName=ms1467340776200723, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 08:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903083, encodeId=1e731903083b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Tue May 19 04:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1905687, encodeId=68c8190568e85, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2ebd1e7981a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#trend#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17798, encryptionId=2ebd1e7981a, topicName=trend)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ced3193, createdName=freve, createdTime=Mon May 18 22:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083143, encodeId=7e8c2083143ae, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=79e264641cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64641, encryptionId=79e264641cd, topicName=治疗新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Thu May 28 20:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1606475, encodeId=3fdf16064e5f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Apr 18 01:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-18 freve
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1785266, encodeId=840b1e85266c5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51906e79a6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ENDS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6779, encryptionId=51906e79a6, topicName=ENDS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=82ba2500166, createdName=ms1467340776200723, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 08:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903083, encodeId=1e731903083b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Tue May 19 04:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1905687, encodeId=68c8190568e85, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2ebd1e7981a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#trend#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17798, encryptionId=2ebd1e7981a, topicName=trend)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ced3193, createdName=freve, createdTime=Mon May 18 22:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083143, encodeId=7e8c2083143ae, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=79e264641cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64641, encryptionId=79e264641cd, topicName=治疗新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Thu May 28 20:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1606475, encodeId=3fdf16064e5f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Apr 18 01:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1785266, encodeId=840b1e85266c5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51906e79a6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ENDS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6779, encryptionId=51906e79a6, topicName=ENDS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=82ba2500166, createdName=ms1467340776200723, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 08:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903083, encodeId=1e731903083b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Tue May 19 04:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1905687, encodeId=68c8190568e85, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2ebd1e7981a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#trend#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17798, encryptionId=2ebd1e7981a, topicName=trend)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ced3193, createdName=freve, createdTime=Mon May 18 22:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083143, encodeId=7e8c2083143ae, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=79e264641cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64641, encryptionId=79e264641cd, topicName=治疗新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Thu May 28 20:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1606475, encodeId=3fdf16064e5f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Apr 18 01:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

JAMA:联合用药治疗HIV、HCV共感染

全球范围内大约共有1.85亿人感染慢性丙肝(HCV),大约有五百万人同时还感染了HIV病毒。在美国,大约三分之一的HIV-1感染的病人同时感染HCV,在静脉注射吸毒的患者中发病率高达75%-90%,这也和晚期肝病、肝癌和死亡率有关。2003年之前,HCV1型和HIV共感染的个体治疗是接受24-48周的聚乙二醇干扰素、利巴韦林和一种蛋白酶抑制剂(波普瑞韦或者替拉瑞韦)。尽管这一处方与持续性病毒性应答

PLOS MED:HIV-1急性期传染性的再次评估

抗逆转录病毒治疗减少了HIV感染者的病毒传染性。数学模型和实证研究都表明按比例增加抗逆转录病毒的治疗可以实质性地降低HIV感染率。然而,对于治疗作为预防(TasP)仍有大量的实际挑战,这包括了HIV检测和治疗程序的实施以及确保其持续性。总言之,HIV传染依赖于性行为和生物学因素二者。在被感染的最初几周内即急性期,HIV病毒载量急剧上升。随后通过细胞介导的宿主免疫应答,病毒载量降低到一个相对稳定的水

PLOS MED:HIV母婴传播,男性生殖健康不容忽视

世界卫生组织提出一种四要素策略以预防母婴的HIV传播(PMTCT)——预防女性的新发HIV感染;预防已感染HIV的女性的非计划中的妊娠;预防妊娠和哺乳期间母婴的HIV传播;以及确证、治疗和支持HIV感染的妇女、儿童及其家人。长久以来,PMTCT服务主要针对妇女,而忽视了男性在生殖健康中的影响,这可能限制了达到PMTCT的有效性。增加男性参与PMTCT项目的目的主要是为了提高项目的结果并且使得这一项

Lancet:卢旺达的HIV连续护理

背景 卢旺达通过强大的国家监测和监督政策在实现艾滋病治疗方面有着显着的进步。关于艾滋病关怀连续模型的认识可以帮助改善患者的预后。我们的目的是量化的参与,死亡率和损失,通过随访2013年卢旺达艾滋病患者连续护理。 方法 我们整理了参与卢旺达国家艾滋病护理计划的HIV患者的数据,并计算了人群的数量和各阶段人群的比例以及连续阶段之间的转移概率。我们通过Cox比例风险回归模型计算与死亡和损失相关的因素,

JAMA Pediatr:在家长陪同下可降低治疗失败几率

据估计在低中等收入国家中,有超过210万的青少年(10-19岁)感染人类获得性免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)。与成年人和年纪更小的儿童相比,感染HIV的青少年有着更高的非相干性、治疗失败和死亡的比例。随着他们年龄的增长,青少年总体上增加了卫生保健相关的自主性。他们可能自己独自去诊所或者在父母陪伴下去接受治疗。父母的陪伴和青少年慢性疾病的结果之间的关系尚不清楚。研究人员对此进行了相关的研究。 研究人员

Nature:人体HIV免疫疗法治疗首获成功

据Nature杂志在4月8日刊登的一封信透露,利用强大的抗体在人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV,又称艾滋病毒)患者身上测试一种疗法的首次研究将HIV病毒载量最多减少至原来的三百分之一。此前在转基因小鼠和非人类的灵长目动物身上针对一种不同版本的免疫缺陷病毒的研究表明是成功的,但这是在人体身上测试这种疗法的第一次试验。蒙蒂菲奥里医疗中心摩西分部(Montefiore Medical Center Moses

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map