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超声诊断胆囊憩室并胆汁淤积1例

2019-02-19 吴克钻 黄碧华 陈惠萍 中国超声医学杂志

患者男,19岁。于他院超声发现肝脏占位性病变2个月余,但无不适主诉。超声检查:于肝S5段探及一低回声包块,大小29mm×17mm,边界清晰,形态规则,CDFI:包块未见明显血流信号;餐后胆嚢,显示不清。

患者男,19岁。于他院超声发现肝脏占位性病变2个月余,但无不适主诉。超声检查:于肝S5段探及一低回声包块,大小29mm×17mm,边界清晰,形态规则,CDFI:包块未见明显血流信号;餐后胆嚢,显示不清。
 
实验室检查:总胆汁酸12.20μmol/L(正常值:0?10pmol/L),余未见异常。患者数日后空腹复查:胆嚢大小65mm×20mm,肝S5段见低回声包块29mm×18mm,让患者分别平卧、左侧卧及右侧卧位后,见包块形态改变,包块内有点絮状回声(黄箭头所示)流动(图1),并可见包块有宽2mm管状通道与胆嚢颈部相通(黄色双箭头所示)。
 


嘱患者餐后复查,见餐后胆嚢缩小为53mm×18mm,包块缩小为19mm×14mm(图2)。超声提示:胆嚢憩室并胆汁淤积。其后,患者进行上腹部MRI平扫+增强,肝S5见一25mm×17mm类圆形短T1、长T2信号影,且见一管状影与胆嚢相连,诊断意见:肝S5占位,考虑胆嚢憩室并胆汁淤积可能。
 


讨论
 
胆嚢憩室少见,可分为先天性胆嚢憩室和后天获得性胆嚢憩室,前者憩室壁由胆嚢正常的三层解剖结构组成,后者憩室壁缺少肌层或仅有无完整的肌层。本病例管道内径2mm,较窄细,不利于憩室内胆汁排出,故易导致胆汁淤积,其形态与肝内占位性病变颇为相似,极易误诊。
 
因此,于胆嚢附近肝脏发现包块时,若患者非空腹状态,为避免误诊,可让其空腹复查,并须多体位、多切面探查,若发现包块与胆嚢有通道,应考虑此病的诊断。此外,可让患者变换体位观察包块及其内容物是否发生改变来佐证,也可采取高脂餐试验,观察胆嚢及包块是否同时缩小来验证。
 
原始出处:

吴克钻,黄碧华,陈惠萍.超声诊断胆囊憩室并胆汁淤积1例[J].中国超声医学杂志,2018(02):191.

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    2019-02-21 zutt
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Semin Arthritis Rheu:无症状高尿酸血症患者OMERACT定义的痛风基本超声病变的患病率和辨别度

在无症状高尿酸血症人群中,1MTP和股骨髁双轮廓以及1MTP痛风石患病率最高,并可以与尿酸正常的人进行区分。

超声图解胎儿脐静脉异常

胎儿脐静脉异常通常包括脐静脉曲张、永存性右脐静脉、脐静脉异常吻合等,可合并其它重大畸形,影响胎儿预后。来自美国的 Tara 学者等人通过一例个案报道对胎儿异常脐静脉及其预后进行了分析,指出对于此类病例,需结合胎儿临床指征及影像检查谨慎评估预后,文章发表在 2016 年第 3 期的 Ultrasound Quarterly 杂志上。 患者,32 岁,初产妇,胎儿 NT 值等各项指标检查无异常。孕

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