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Am J Obstet Gynecol:依诺肝素能否降低先兆子痫和低于胎龄妊娠史女性复发风险?

2017-04-10 常路 环球医学

先兆子痫和低于胎龄妊娠是产妇和围产期发病率和死亡率的主要原因。具有既往被这些疾病影响的妊娠史的女性在将来妊娠中复发的风险增加。过去进行了评估低分子量肝素预防先兆子痫和低于胎龄妊娠有效性的试验,但是试验给出了矛盾的结果,并且当各试验相互比较时,异质性水平很高。2017年3月,发表在《Am J Obstet Gynecol.》的一项开放标签的随机对照试验对此进行调查。目的:研究人员旨在评估具有先兆子痫

先兆子痫和低于胎龄妊娠是产妇和围产期发病率和死亡率的主要原因。具有既往被这些疾病影响的妊娠史的女性在将来妊娠中复发的风险增加。过去进行了评估低分子量肝素预防先兆子痫和低于胎龄妊娠有效性的试验,但是试验给出了矛盾的结果,并且当各试验相互比较时,异质性水平很高。2017年3月,发表在《Am J Obstet Gynecol.》的一项开放标签的随机对照试验对此进行调查。

目的:研究人员旨在评估具有先兆子痫和低于胎龄妊娠史的女性中,将依诺肝素加入到高风险医疗中,预防先兆子痫和小于胎龄儿的有效性。

研究设计:这是一项开放标签的随机对照试验,在3个国家的5家三级医疗中心进行。有望单胎妊娠的女性若根据她们的产科史确定为具有较高的先兆子痫和/或小于胎龄儿风险,那么这些女性在>妊6+0周~<妊16+0周的时候参与到本研究中。符合条件的女性按照1:1的比例随机分配到标准的高风险医疗或高风险医疗+依诺肝素40mg(4000IU)的组中,治疗时间从入组到妊36+0周或分娩,无论哪一种早发生。其中,依诺肝素的给药方式为每天皮下注射。标准的高风险治疗的定义为由高危产前门诊服务协调的医疗、每天100mg阿司匹林直到36+0周,对于既往先兆子痫的女性,每天使用1000~1500mg的钙直到36+0周。参与者的亚组中,在入组和妊20、30周时采集血清样本,之后分析可溶性fms样酪氨酸激酶-1、可溶性内皮糖蛋白、内皮素-1、胎盘生长因子、可溶性血管细胞粘附分子1。首要结局指标为先兆子痫和/或<第5百分位定义的出生体重的低于胎龄的复合。所有数据都基于意愿治疗分析。本试验注册到澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册。

结果:2010年7月26日~2015年10月28日,总共156名参与者入组并纳入到分析中。总体来说,149名参与者纳入到结局分析中(72人接受标准的高风险医疗+依诺肝素,77人仅接受标准的高风险医疗)。7名<16周妊娠流产的女性排除在外。多数参与者(151/156,97%)接受阿司匹林治疗。依诺肝素的加入对先兆子痫和/或<第5百分位定义的出生体重的低于胎龄的发生率无影响:依诺肝素17/72(25%)vs无依诺肝素17/77(22.1%)(比值比,1.19;95% CI,0.53~2.64)。任何次要结局指标测量也无差异。先兆子痫进展的参与者中,可溶性fms样酪氨酸激酶-1和可溶性内皮糖蛋白水平增加,但是与仅接受标准高风险医疗者相比,接受依诺肝素治疗者,这些血管生成抑制因子的水平无差异(检测的任何其他血清分析物也无差异)。

结论:将依诺肝素加入到高风险医疗中,并不会降低下次妊娠先兆子痫和低于胎龄婴儿的复发风险。

原始出处:

Groom K M, Mccowan L M, Mackay L K, et al. Enoxaparin for the prevention of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction in women with a history: a randomized trial. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2017, 216.

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    2017-09-06 yhy100200
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