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JAMA: Evolocumab vs Ezetimibe治疗他汀不耐受高胆固醇血症(GAUSS-3)

2016-04-11 Mechront 译 MedSci原创

约5-20%的患者会出现肌肉相关的他汀类药物不耐受。研究者进行了一项试验,再次确定他汀类药物相关的肌肉症状,以及比较2种非他汀类药物的降脂效果(ezetimibe vs evolocumab)。两阶段随机临床试验包括511例低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)未受控制的成年患者,且对至少2种他汀类药物不耐受。A阶段试验为长达24周的阿托伐他汀或安慰剂的交叉试验,以确定患者的症状是否只与阿托伐他汀有关。

约5-20%的患者会出现肌肉相关的他汀类药物不耐受。研究者进行了一项试验,再次确定他汀类药物相关的肌肉症状,以及比较2种非他汀类药物的降脂效果(ezetimibe vs evolocumab)。

两阶段随机临床试验包括511例低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)未受控制的成年患者,且对至少2种他汀类药物不耐受。A阶段试验为长达24周的阿托伐他汀或安慰剂的交叉试验,以确定患者的症状是否只与阿托伐他汀有关。经过2周的洗脱期后进行B阶段试验,患者被随机分为ezetimibe或evolocumab组,进行长达24周的治疗。

A阶段试验:阿托伐他汀 (20 mg) vs 安慰剂。B阶段试验(按2:1分配):皮下evolocumab (420 mg/mo) vs 口服ezetimibe(10 mg/d)。以平均治疗的22周和24周LDL-C从基线的平均百分比降幅和治疗的24周LDL-C从基线的百分比降幅作为主要终点。

涉及491名A阶段试验参与者平均年龄60.7 [SD, 10.2]岁,其中246名为女性[50.1%],170名有冠心病[34.6%],基线平均LDL-C 水平为212.3 [SD, 67.9] mg/dL,有209(42.6%)名患者只有在使用阿托伐他汀时出现肌肉症状。

这之中有199名患者进入了B阶段试验,还有19名患者因为肌酸激酶的升高直接进行B阶段试验(N = 218, ezetimibe和evolocumab组分别为73和145名患者; 纳入研究时平均LDL-C水平为219.9 [SD, 72] mg/dL)。

平均治疗22周和24周,ezetimibe组患者LDL-C水平为183.0 mg/dL,百分比变化−16.7% (95% CI, −20.5% to −12.9%),绝对改变−31.0 mg/dL;evolocumab组该数值分别为103.6 mg/dL、−54.5% (95% CI, −57.2% to −51.8%)和−106.8 mg/dL (P < .001)。

治疗24周ezetimibe组患者的LDL-C水平为181.5 mg/dL,平均百分比改变−16.7% (95% CI, −20.8% to −12.5%),绝对改变−31.2 mg/dL;evolocumab组该数值分别为104.1 mg/dL、−52.8% (95% CI, −55.8% to −49.8%)和−102.9 mg/dL (P < .001)。

平均治疗22周和24周,组间LDL-C差异为−37.8%,绝对差异−75.8 mg/dL;治疗24周数据分别为−36.1%和–71.7 mg/dL。

ezetimibe和evolocumab治疗相关肌肉症状发生率分别为28.8% 和20.7%(log-rank P = .17);因肌肉症状停药的的患者分别有6.8%(5/73)和0.7%(1/145)。

数据表明,他汀类药物不耐受的肌肉相关不良反应的患者中,evolocumab可显著降低24周后患者的LDL-C水平(相比ezetimibe)。不过药物长期的有效性和安全性还需要进一步的研究来评估。

原始出处:

Steven E. Nissen, MD; Erik Stroes, MD, PhD,et al.Efficacy and Tolerability of Evolocumab vs Ezetimibe in Patients With Muscle-Related Statin Intolerance.JAMA. Published online April 03, 2016. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.3608

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    2016-04-18 snf701207
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    2016-04-14 李继凯

    高大上的文章

    0

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    2016-04-14 李继凯

    值得学习

    0

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