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高血压治疗颠覆性研究,或将改写临床指南!

2021-12-24 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

随着社会经济的发展和居民生活方式的改变,高血压已成为影响全球居民健康的重大公共卫生问题之一,其不只是表现为血压的升高,还会伤害肾、心、脑,使得肾功能减退、诱发冠心病、脑血栓等,严重的甚至会导致猝死!

随着社会经济的发展和居民生活方式的改变,高血压已成为影响全球居民健康的重大公共卫生问题之一,其不只是表现为血压的升高,还会伤害肾、心、脑,使得肾功能减退、诱发冠心病、脑血栓等,严重的甚至会导致猝死!

近40年来,高血压的发病率直线上升,据《柳叶刀》发表的数据报告显示,1975至到2015年,全球饱受高血压之苦的人数从5.94亿增至11亿,其中大多数人生活在发展中国家。

目前对于高血压的治疗,强化降压是一种很好治疗方式。然而在临床中,有时会遇到收缩压(SBP)高但舒张压(DBP)低的病人。在用药上,收缩压和舒张压会一起降低,而舒张压的降低是否会增加并发症风险一直是困扰医生的难题。

近期发表在顶级医学杂志《循环》(Circulation)的一项全球最大型遗传研究发现,即使舒张压降低到50mmHg以下,也不会增加心脏病发生的风险。
这一发现颠覆了以往的观察性研究结果! 

图片

Linear and Nonlinear Mendelian Randomization Analyses of the Association Between Diastolic Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Events: The J-Curve Revisited

doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.049819

以往的观察性研究表明,过度降低舒张压可能会增加心肌梗死(MI)的风险(舒张压和心肌梗死之间存在J型关联)。与将舒张压降至70-80mmHg相比,将舒张压降至60mmHg以下会使收缩压低于130mmHg的患者心血管风险增加46%!

图片

Evaluation of Optimal Diastolic Blood Pressure Range Among Adults With Treated Systolic Blood Pressure Less Than 130 mm Hg. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37554

为什么这个研究发现与以往的研究结果相反?

在这个研究中,研究员使用的分析方法是孟德尔随机化(MR)分析,以往的研究结果使用的分析方法是观察性分析。

在观察性分析中,因为研究者不可能衡量和解释观察性关联中的每一个可能的混杂因素,所以观察性分析往往受到混杂因素的困扰,有时会导致反向因果关系。

但是孟德尔随机化分析是利用遗传变异,来研究暴露因素和疾病结果的因果关系。遗传变异是在受孕时随机分配的,一般不会受到整个生命中环境因素的影响,因此与传统的观察性研究相比,孟德尔随机化分析不太容易受到混杂因素和反向因果关系的影响。

在该研究中,该研究团队通过新技术从无偏倚遗传信息出发,分析了全球47407名平均年龄为60岁的高血压患者的基因和生存数据。

首先为了验证以前的观察分析结果,研究人员使用传统的统计方法来测试舒张压和心血管疾病(CVD)之间的关联形状。

随后,研究团队创建舒张压和收缩压的多基因风险评分,并生成舒张压对心血管疾病影响的线性孟德尔随机化估计。

最后,使用新非线性孟德尔随机化方法,评估舒张压和心血管疾病事件之间遗传关系的非线性。

结果显示,在传统观察分析结果中,舒张压和心肌梗死之间的确存在J型关联。作者分析这种关联很可能是未被重视的混杂因素导致的。

 

图片

DBP和MI之间存在J型关联

但是在对舒张压遗传效应的分析中,没有发现舒张压与心肌梗死之间存在非线性J型或U型关系的证据。反而证实了每单位舒张压下降,心肌梗死风险持续下降,即使在基线舒张压值较低的个体中。
此外,该研究还发现患者的舒张压读数低至50mmHg时,没有遗传证据表明心脏病风险增加。

 

图片

舒张压与心肌梗死之间的关系

 

图片

非线性MR的DBP和MI之间形状的敏感性分析

 

此外,该研究再次证实,收缩压读数超过120mmHg的数值会增加心脏病和中风的风险。

 

图片

收缩压与心肌梗死之间的关系

 

该研究的作者McEvoy教授表示,此前的研究显示舒张压过低会增加心脏病风险,而我们现在有了基于遗传学的详细研究,指导医生如何治疗那些具有高收缩压值,但舒张压较低的患者。

使医生可以在收缩压值升高时放心进行治疗,而不用担心舒张压降得太低。同时McEvoy教授建议临床医生,在可能且没有副作用的情况下,将高血压患者的收缩压水平降到100-130mmHg之间,不用担心舒张压值。

该研究将对公共卫生产生重要影响,其结果有望改变临床实践中高血压患者的管理模式。

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    2022-04-09 ms5000000015393776

    学习了

    0

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    2021-12-30 屋顶瞄爱赏月

    高血压人群如此庞大,希望能看到更多的研究,帮助病人减少相关风险,提高生命质量。

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1744592, encodeId=77ce1e4459293, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5dc228320b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#临床指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22832, encryptionId=b5dc228320b, topicName=临床指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=943c35414419, createdName=kcb081, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 04:46:15 CST 2022, time=2022-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1209927, encodeId=ce37120992ee5, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cc6f8098149, createdName=ms5000000015393776, createdTime=Sat Apr 09 23:39:52 CST 2022, time=2022-04-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1178953, encodeId=0d8e11e895300, content=高血压人群如此庞大,希望能看到更多的研究,帮助病人减少相关风险,提高生命质量。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211111/81c0b64745c644319545ec26d7ef0b34/9ddb2864d5df4dd9bf4305e380bffc96.jpg, createdBy=c7835705079, createdName=屋顶瞄爱赏月, createdTime=Thu Dec 30 20:19:43 CST 2021, time=2021-12-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084643, encodeId=1e781084643ec, content=关注血压,关注更多证据, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e831560211, createdName=ZYY7209, createdTime=Mon Dec 27 11:58:20 CST 2021, time=2021-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084341, encodeId=e99a1084341e4, content=学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Sun Dec 26 09:46:32 CST 2021, time=2021-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084122, encodeId=d15a108412272, content=增加,而绝经前妇女受到雌激素的保护。过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Sat Dec 25 08:30:37 CST 2021, time=2021-12-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1083981, encodeId=bff210839816c, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=131, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Fri Dec 24 18:10:20 CST 2021, time=2021-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-12-27 ZYY7209

    关注血压,关注更多证据

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1744592, encodeId=77ce1e4459293, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5dc228320b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#临床指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22832, encryptionId=b5dc228320b, topicName=临床指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=943c35414419, createdName=kcb081, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 04:46:15 CST 2022, time=2022-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1209927, encodeId=ce37120992ee5, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cc6f8098149, createdName=ms5000000015393776, createdTime=Sat Apr 09 23:39:52 CST 2022, time=2022-04-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1178953, encodeId=0d8e11e895300, content=高血压人群如此庞大,希望能看到更多的研究,帮助病人减少相关风险,提高生命质量。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211111/81c0b64745c644319545ec26d7ef0b34/9ddb2864d5df4dd9bf4305e380bffc96.jpg, createdBy=c7835705079, createdName=屋顶瞄爱赏月, createdTime=Thu Dec 30 20:19:43 CST 2021, time=2021-12-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084643, encodeId=1e781084643ec, content=关注血压,关注更多证据, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e831560211, createdName=ZYY7209, createdTime=Mon Dec 27 11:58:20 CST 2021, time=2021-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084341, encodeId=e99a1084341e4, content=学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Sun Dec 26 09:46:32 CST 2021, time=2021-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084122, encodeId=d15a108412272, content=增加,而绝经前妇女受到雌激素的保护。过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Sat Dec 25 08:30:37 CST 2021, time=2021-12-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1083981, encodeId=bff210839816c, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=131, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Fri Dec 24 18:10:20 CST 2021, time=2021-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-12-26 ms5000000518166734

    学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1744592, encodeId=77ce1e4459293, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5dc228320b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#临床指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22832, encryptionId=b5dc228320b, topicName=临床指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=943c35414419, createdName=kcb081, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 04:46:15 CST 2022, time=2022-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1209927, encodeId=ce37120992ee5, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cc6f8098149, createdName=ms5000000015393776, createdTime=Sat Apr 09 23:39:52 CST 2022, time=2022-04-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1178953, encodeId=0d8e11e895300, content=高血压人群如此庞大,希望能看到更多的研究,帮助病人减少相关风险,提高生命质量。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211111/81c0b64745c644319545ec26d7ef0b34/9ddb2864d5df4dd9bf4305e380bffc96.jpg, createdBy=c7835705079, createdName=屋顶瞄爱赏月, createdTime=Thu Dec 30 20:19:43 CST 2021, time=2021-12-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084643, encodeId=1e781084643ec, content=关注血压,关注更多证据, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e831560211, createdName=ZYY7209, createdTime=Mon Dec 27 11:58:20 CST 2021, time=2021-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084341, encodeId=e99a1084341e4, content=学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Sun Dec 26 09:46:32 CST 2021, time=2021-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084122, encodeId=d15a108412272, content=增加,而绝经前妇女受到雌激素的保护。过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Sat Dec 25 08:30:37 CST 2021, time=2021-12-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1083981, encodeId=bff210839816c, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=131, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Fri Dec 24 18:10:20 CST 2021, time=2021-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-12-25 查查佳佳

    增加,而绝经前妇女受到雌激素的保护。过

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1744592, encodeId=77ce1e4459293, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5dc228320b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#临床指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22832, encryptionId=b5dc228320b, topicName=临床指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=943c35414419, createdName=kcb081, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 04:46:15 CST 2022, time=2022-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1209927, encodeId=ce37120992ee5, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cc6f8098149, createdName=ms5000000015393776, createdTime=Sat Apr 09 23:39:52 CST 2022, time=2022-04-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1178953, encodeId=0d8e11e895300, content=高血压人群如此庞大,希望能看到更多的研究,帮助病人减少相关风险,提高生命质量。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211111/81c0b64745c644319545ec26d7ef0b34/9ddb2864d5df4dd9bf4305e380bffc96.jpg, createdBy=c7835705079, createdName=屋顶瞄爱赏月, createdTime=Thu Dec 30 20:19:43 CST 2021, time=2021-12-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084643, encodeId=1e781084643ec, content=关注血压,关注更多证据, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e831560211, createdName=ZYY7209, createdTime=Mon Dec 27 11:58:20 CST 2021, time=2021-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084341, encodeId=e99a1084341e4, content=学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Sun Dec 26 09:46:32 CST 2021, time=2021-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084122, encodeId=d15a108412272, content=增加,而绝经前妇女受到雌激素的保护。过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIrrxxDxnLic8t6EAs38Qfwo6H2h6JMleIgb9OSYf6LMnVDkQEqUXWoSDWboibjhOBI9SJDTXweqQIA/132, createdBy=50aa5321359, createdName=查查佳佳, createdTime=Sat Dec 25 08:30:37 CST 2021, time=2021-12-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1083981, encodeId=bff210839816c, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=131, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Fri Dec 24 18:10:20 CST 2021, time=2021-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-12-24 yangchou

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    0

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