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Nature:太迷了…Nature研究:未感染人群体内也能检出新冠病毒特异性免疫T细胞

2020-07-21 生物探索 生物探索

由新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)引起的新冠肺炎(COVID-19)目前仍在全球范围内大流行。目前除SARS-CoV-2外,已知有六种冠状病毒可感染人类,并且这些病毒都会在感染的患者中触发抗体和T

由新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)引起的新冠肺炎COVID-19)目前仍在全球范围内大流行。目前除SARS-CoV-2外,已知有六种冠状病毒可感染人类,并且这些病毒都会在感染的患者中触发抗体和T细胞反应。由于先前病原体诱导的记忆T细胞可影响后续人们对病毒的易感性和临床严重性,因此了解人体中可能存在的识别SARS-CoV-2的记忆T细胞极为重要。

2020年7月15日,来自杜克-新加坡国立大学医学院的研究团队在《Nature》上发表了COVID-19的最新研究成果,首次揭示了COVID-19恢复期中SARS-CoV-2的结构性(核衣壳蛋白,NP)和非结构性(ORF1的NSP-7和NSP13)区域的T细胞应答,发现了可识别NP蛋白的CD4和CD8T细胞的存在。意外的是,在未感染人群中也检测到了该SARS-CoV-2特异性T细胞,而且SARS康复患者中的特异T细胞与SARS-CoV-2 具有强大交叉反应性。这表明,β冠状病毒感染可诱导人体产生对结构蛋白NP的多特异性和持久的T细胞免疫

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2550-z

为研究SARS-CoV-2特异性T细胞,研究人员从轻度到重度COVID-19康复个体中收集了共36份外周血,研究了细胞对SARS-CoV-2蛋白质组的选定结构性(核衣壳蛋白-NP)和非结构蛋白的反应,这两种蛋白在不同的β冠状病毒之间高度同源甚至完全同源。研究人员发现,在几乎所有个体中,其外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)均可以针对SARS-CoV-2的多个区域识别出NP特异性应答,并且从中检测到清晰的CD4和/或CD8 T细胞群,产生IFN-γ和/或TNF-α。

COVID-19康复患者中的sars - cov -2特异性反应

随后,研究人员对这种获得性免疫是否能够持久进行了探索。他们从23名SARS康复的患者中收集了SARS-CoV-1感染后17年的PBMC,并测试了它们是否仍然具有对SARS-CoV-1具有反应性的细胞,以及这些细胞是否对SARS-CoV-2具有交叉反应性。

结果表明,在SARS康复17年后,人体内仍然存在对SARS-CoV-1产生IFN-γ反应的特异性T细胞,并且几乎只集中在NP区域。其中,有7份PBMC对SARS-CoV-2 NP肽会产生反应性细胞的清晰而坚固的扩增,即对SARS-CoV-2具有交叉反应性。这表明,由β冠状病毒感染引起的病毒特异性T细胞是长期存在的,而相关的病毒感染后产生的持久性T细胞或许能够预防或改变SARS-CoV-2感染引起的病理。

SARS-CoV-2交叉反应存在于SARS康复患者中

为了探索这种可能性,研究人员在37位SARS-CoV-1 / 2未暴露的个体中检测了其对SARS-CoV-2的NP和NSP7 / 13肽的反应性IFN-γ反应,发现有19位可检测到SARS-CoV-2特异性IFN-γ反应,即SARS-CoV-2特异性T细胞。进一步研究发现,未感染人员中的SARS-CoV-2 T细胞表现出不同的免疫优势模式,主要以NP结构蛋白和ORF-1编码的蛋白NSP7和13为靶点。NSP7特异性T细胞的表位表征显示与“普通感冒”人类冠状病毒具有低同源性的蛋白质片段的识别,但在动物β冠状病毒中是保守的。

未感染个体中的SARS-CoV-2应答的免疫优势

研究人员表示,这项研究有助于了解一般人群中现存的NP和ORF-1特异性T细胞如何影响SARS-CoV-2感染的易感性和发病机理,这对于当前COVID-19大流行的管理至关重要。

原始出处:

Nina Le Bert, Anthony T. Tan, Kamini Kunasegaran, et.al. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls. Nature 15 July 2020

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    2020-09-29 liye789132251
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    2020-08-27 14818eb4m67暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

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    2020-08-24 heli0118
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1899405, encodeId=2d1118994051c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6f746e94170' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#特异性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67941, encryptionId=6f746e94170, topicName=特异性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc7a157, createdName=jinweidong, createdTime=Mon Mar 08 13:42:16 CST 2021, time=2021-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884470, encodeId=4b6618844e059, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Tue Sep 29 07:42:16 CST 2020, time=2020-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=813767, encodeId=99f7813e67c0, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=64245268311, createdName=14818eb4m67暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 08:10:31 CST 2020, time=2020-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1717041, encodeId=af231e17041d4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f8a98002eb1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#群体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80027, encryptionId=f8a98002eb1, topicName=群体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Mon Aug 24 12:42:16 CST 2020, time=2020-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803660, encodeId=329d8036608e, content=半年, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 10:51:46 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028320, encodeId=0750102832043, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 10:42:16 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803628, encodeId=88128036287f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>SARS抗体很持久,但是新冠抗体可能很短, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 08:05:58 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803626, encodeId=e9d4803626e4, content=群体免疫?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b972455532, createdName=1240394fm61暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 07:56:25 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-07-21 神盾医疗局局长Jack

    半年

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1899405, encodeId=2d1118994051c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6f746e94170' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#特异性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67941, encryptionId=6f746e94170, topicName=特异性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc7a157, createdName=jinweidong, createdTime=Mon Mar 08 13:42:16 CST 2021, time=2021-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884470, encodeId=4b6618844e059, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Tue Sep 29 07:42:16 CST 2020, time=2020-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=813767, encodeId=99f7813e67c0, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=64245268311, createdName=14818eb4m67暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 08:10:31 CST 2020, time=2020-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1717041, encodeId=af231e17041d4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f8a98002eb1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#群体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80027, encryptionId=f8a98002eb1, topicName=群体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Mon Aug 24 12:42:16 CST 2020, time=2020-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803660, encodeId=329d8036608e, content=半年, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 10:51:46 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028320, encodeId=0750102832043, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 10:42:16 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803628, encodeId=88128036287f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>SARS抗体很持久,但是新冠抗体可能很短, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 08:05:58 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803626, encodeId=e9d4803626e4, content=群体免疫?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b972455532, createdName=1240394fm61暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 07:56:25 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-07-21 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2020-07-21 lovetcm

    #新冠肺炎#SARS抗体很持久,但是新冠抗体可能很短

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1899405, encodeId=2d1118994051c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6f746e94170' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#特异性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67941, encryptionId=6f746e94170, topicName=特异性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc7a157, createdName=jinweidong, createdTime=Mon Mar 08 13:42:16 CST 2021, time=2021-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884470, encodeId=4b6618844e059, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Tue Sep 29 07:42:16 CST 2020, time=2020-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=813767, encodeId=99f7813e67c0, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=64245268311, createdName=14818eb4m67暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 08:10:31 CST 2020, time=2020-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1717041, encodeId=af231e17041d4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f8a98002eb1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#群体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80027, encryptionId=f8a98002eb1, topicName=群体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Mon Aug 24 12:42:16 CST 2020, time=2020-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803660, encodeId=329d8036608e, content=半年, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 10:51:46 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028320, encodeId=0750102832043, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 10:42:16 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803628, encodeId=88128036287f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>SARS抗体很持久,但是新冠抗体可能很短, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 08:05:58 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=803626, encodeId=e9d4803626e4, content=群体免疫?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b972455532, createdName=1240394fm61暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Jul 21 07:56:25 CST 2020, time=2020-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-07-21 1240394fm61暂无昵称

    群体免疫?

    0

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新冠肺炎持续全球肆虐,其极强的传染性提高了对隔离治疗的要求。新冠肺炎患者一旦确诊,活动受限,长时间卧床不活动,会大大增加静脉血栓形成风险。让我们来看看武汉住院的新冠肺炎患者的深静脉血栓形成的发生情况。

Science:强效中和SARS-CoV-2的人类抗体,都具有这种“优秀”基因

由新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)造成的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)大流行让全世界陷入不同程度的灾难之中。迄今为止,全球超1200万人受感染,逾50万人死亡,多国经济陷入了几十年一遇的低迷

Metabolism:内脏肥胖在COVID-19严重程度中的作用

内脏脂肪组织和上腹围增加了COVID-19患者病情严重程度的可能性。因此,量化常规胸部CT中的内脏脂肪组织量和上腹围可能是COVID-19患者进行风险评估的简单工具。

吸入型干扰素β制剂SNG001降低COVID-19发展为重症的风险

制药公司Synairgen今日宣布,与之安慰剂相比,其吸入型干扰素β制剂SNG001治疗COVID-19患者时,大大降低了患者患上严重疾病的机会。

NEJM:美国最早启动的新冠疫苗使受试者均产生抗体,预防效果要观后效

新英格兰医学杂志(NEJM)发表了美国最早进入临床试验的COVID-19 mRNA-1273疫苗1期临床试验结果,显示:所有受试者均出现高滴度抗体。

NEJM:mRNA-1273新冠疫苗I期临床数据正式发表!本月底将启动III期临床试验

导言:Moderna和美国国立卫生研究院共同研发的新冠疫苗,mRNA-1273,在所有受试者体内都产生了免疫反应,并且中和抗体的水平与新冠康复患者的水平相似。这是美国首个正式发表的经同行评审的疫苗数据

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