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Lancet:南京医科大学揭示,早产儿面临的呼吸道合胞病毒感染相关疾病负担过重

2024-02-16 MedSci原创 MedSci原创 发表于威斯康星

早产儿面临的 RSV 相关疾病负担过重,占 RSV 住院负担的 25%。早产儿的 RSV 住院负担一直持续到第二年。

呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virusRSV)是婴幼儿下呼吸道感染最主要的病原体之一,1岁以内的婴儿,60%~70%会受到RSV感染,几乎所有的婴幼儿在2岁以内至少感染过1RSV

早产儿童(即胎龄少于37)是是呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)引起的严重急性下呼吸道感染(ALRI)的高风险人群。过去 5 年中,新型 RSV 感染预防方案取得了重大进展,可在婴儿首次感染 RSV 的季节为其提供保护,例如,RSV感染预防性药物尼塞韦单抗(Nirsevimab),用于预防新生儿和婴儿由呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)引起的下呼吸道感染(LRTI。该药物适用于即将进入或出生在第一个RSV感染季的新生儿和婴儿。

然而,母体 RSV 疫苗(在 32-36 周胎龄时进行产前接种)的 3 期试验结果并不能用于估计早产儿的疗效(由于抗体转移与胎龄成反比,因此早产儿的疗效可能较低)。

随着各国政府开始考虑将 RSV 疫苗纳入国家免疫计划,了解早产儿 RSV 相关 ALRI 的全球疾病负担和风险因素,对于制定最佳的 RSV 预防策略至关重要。

2024214日,南京医科大学王昕作为第一作者在Lancet杂志上发表了一项研究,旨在评估妊娠 37 周前出生的婴幼儿中 RSV 相关 ALRI 的全球疾病负担和风险因素。

这项研究对 1995 1 1 日至 2021 12 31 日期间发表的研究数据进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析,这些数据来自 MEDLINEEmbase Global Health,以及呼吸道传染病全球流行病学网络(Respiratory Virus Global Epidemiology Network)共享的个体参与者数据。研究人员估算了 RSV 相关 ALRI 在社区的发病率、入院率、院内死亡率以及 2 岁以下早产儿的总死亡率。同时,考虑到年龄组、胎龄段(早产儿,胎龄<32周;晚期早产儿,胎龄32周至<37周)以及2000年至20195年间的变化,研究人员进行了两阶段随机效应荟萃回归分析。

结果显示,共纳入了 47 项研究和 17 项由参与研究者提供个体参与者水平数据的研究。2019 年全球早产儿 RSV 相关 ALRI 病例为 1650000 例(95% 不确定范围 [UR] 13500001990000),RSV 相关住院病例为 533000 例(385000730 000),RSV 相关院内死亡病例为 3050 例(10808620),RSV 相关死亡病例为 26760 例(1119046240)。

在早期早产儿中,RSV 相关 ALRI 发病率和住院率(不同年龄组和结果的比率比 [RR] 1.69 3.87)明显高于任何胎龄出生的所有婴儿。在出生后第二年,早产儿和幼儿的发病率相似,但住院率仍明显高于所有婴幼儿。

虽然晚期早产儿 RSV 相关 ALRI 发病率与所有 1 岁以下婴儿相似,但他们在前 6 个月的 RSV 相关 ALRI 住院率较高(RR 1.93 [1.11~3.26])。总体而言,早产儿占所有胎龄婴儿 RSV 相关 ALRI 住院率的 25%

早产儿 RSV 相关 ALRI 住院病死率与所有婴儿相似。与RSV相关ALRI发病率相关的因素主要是围产期特征和社会人口特征,而与感染导致的严重后果相关的因素主要是潜在的内科疾病,包括先天性心脏病、气管切开术、支气管肺发育不良、慢性肺部疾病或唐氏综合征。

总之,早产儿面临的 RSV 相关疾病负担过重,占 RSV 住院负担的 25%。早产儿的 RSV 住院负担一直持续到第二年。

原始出处

Xin Wang, PhD *Prof You Li, PhD *Ting Shi, PhDProf Louis J Bont, MDHeather J Zar, PhDet al.Global disease burden of and risk factors for acute lower respiratory infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus in preterm infants and young children in 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated and individual participant data.Lancet.February 14, 2024DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00138-7

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class="s2">RSV</span><span class="s1">。</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">早产儿童</span><span class="s2">(</span><span class="s1">即胎龄少于</span><span class="s2">37</span><span class="s1">周</span><span class="s2">)</span><span class="s1">是是呼吸道合胞病毒(</span><span class="s2">RSV</span><span class="s1">)引起的严重急性下呼吸道感染(</span><span class="s2">ALRI</span><span class="s1">)的高风险人群。过去</span><span class="s2"> 5 </span><span class="s1">年中,新型</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">感染预防方案取得了重大进展,可在婴儿首次感染</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">的季节为其提供保护,例如,</span><span class="s2">RSV</span><span class="s1">感染预防性药物尼塞韦单抗(</span><span class="s2">Nirsevimab</span><span class="s1">),用于预防新生儿和婴儿由呼吸道合胞病毒(</span><span class="s2">RSV</span><span class="s1">)引起的下呼吸道感染(</span><span class="s2">LRTI</span><span class="s1">)</span><span class="s3">。该药物适用于即将进入或出生在第一个</span><span class="s4">RSV</span><span class="s3">感染季的新生儿和婴儿。</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">然而,母体</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">疫苗(在</span><span class="s2"> 32-36 </span><span class="s1">周胎龄时进行产前接种)的</span><span class="s2"> 3 </span><span class="s1">期试验结果并不能用于估计早产儿的疗效(由于抗体转移与胎龄成反比,因此早产儿的疗效可能较低)。</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">随着各国政府开始考虑将</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">疫苗纳入国家<a href="//m.capotfarm.com/guideline/search?keyword=%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB">免疫</a>计划,了解早产儿</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">相关</span><span class="s2"> ALRI </span><span class="s1">的全球疾病负担和风险因素,对于制定最佳的</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">预防策略至关重要。</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s2">2024</span><span class="s1">年</span><span class="s2">2</span><span class="s1">月</span><span class="s2">14</span><span class="s1">日,南京医科大学王昕作为第一作者在</span><span class="s2"><a href="//m.capotfarm.com/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2">Lancet</a></span><span class="s1">杂志上发表了一项研究,旨在评估妊娠</span><span class="s2"> 37 </span><span class="s1">周前出生的婴幼儿中</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">相关</span><span class="s2"> ALRI </span><span class="s1">的全球疾病负担和风险因素。</span></p> <p class="p2"><img src="https://img.medsci.cn/20240216/1708083293879_8624274.png" /></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">这项研究对</span><span class="s2"> 1995 </span><span class="s1">年</span><span class="s2"> 1 </span><span class="s1">月</span><span class="s2"> 1 </span><span class="s1">日至</span><span class="s2"> 2021 </span><span class="s1">年</span><span class="s2"> 12 </span><span class="s1">月</span><span class="s2"> 31 </span><span class="s1">日期间发表的研究数据进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析,这些数据来自</span><span class="s2"> MEDLINE</span><span class="s1">、</span><span class="s2">Embase </span><span class="s1">和</span><span class="s2"> Global Health</span><span class="s1">,以及呼吸道传染病全球流行病学网络(</span><span class="s2">Respiratory Virus Global Epidemiology Network</span><span class="s1">)共享的个体参与者数据。研究人员估算了</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">相关</span><span class="s2"> ALRI </span><span class="s1">在社区的发病率、入院率、院内死亡率以及</span><span class="s2"> 2 </span><span class="s1">岁以下早产儿的总死亡率。同时,考虑到年龄组、胎龄段(早产儿,胎龄</span><span class="s2">&lt;32</span><span class="s1">周;晚期早产儿,胎龄</span><span class="s2">32</span><span class="s1">周至</span><span class="s2">&lt;37</span><span class="s1">周)以及</span><span class="s2">2000</span><span class="s1">年至</span><span class="s2">2019</span><span class="s1">年</span><span class="s2">5</span><span class="s1">年间的变化,研究人员进行了两阶段随机效应荟萃回归分析。</span></p> <p class="p3"><span class="s5">结果显示,共纳入了</span><span class="s1"> 47 </span><span class="s5">项研究和</span><span class="s1"> 17 </span><span class="s5">项由参与研究者提供个体参与者水平数据的研究。</span><span class="s1">2019 </span><span class="s5">年全球早产儿</span><span class="s1"> RSV </span><span class="s5">相关</span><span class="s1"> ALRI </span><span class="s5">病例为</span><span class="s1"> 1650000 </span><span class="s5">例(</span><span class="s1">95% </span><span class="s5">不确定范围</span><span class="s1"> [UR] 1350000</span><span class="s5">~</span><span class="s1">1990000</span><span class="s5">),</span><span class="s1">RSV </span><span class="s5">相关住院病例为</span><span class="s1"> 533000 </span><span class="s5">例(</span><span class="s1">385000</span><span class="s5">~</span><span class="s1">730 000</span><span class="s5">),</span><span class="s1">RSV </span><span class="s5">相关院内死亡病例为</span><span class="s1"> 3050 </span><span class="s5">例(</span><span class="s1">1080</span><span class="s5">~</span><span class="s1">8620</span><span class="s5">),</span><span class="s1">RSV </span><span class="s5">相关死亡病例为</span><span class="s1"> 26760 </span><span class="s5">例(</span><span class="s1">11190</span><span class="s5">~</span><span class="s1">46240</span><span class="s5">)。</span></p> <p class="p3"><span class="s5"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://img.medsci.cn/20240216/1708083324328_8624274.png" /></span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">在早期早产儿中,</span><span class="s2">RSV </span><span class="s1">相关</span><span class="s2"> ALRI </span><span class="s1">发病率和住院率(不同年龄组和结果的比率比</span><span class="s2"> [RR] </span><span class="s1">从</span><span class="s2"> 1.69 </span><span class="s1">到</span><span class="s2"> 3.87</span><span class="s1">)明显高于任何胎龄出生的所有婴儿。在出生后第二年,早产儿和幼儿的发病率相似,但住院率仍明显高于所有婴幼儿。</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">虽然晚期早产儿</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">相关</span><span class="s2"> ALRI </span><span class="s1">发病率与所有</span><span class="s2"> 1 </span><span class="s1">岁以下婴儿相似,但他们在前</span><span class="s2"> 6 </span><span class="s1">个月的</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">相关</span><span class="s2"> ALRI </span><span class="s1">住院率较高(</span><span class="s2">RR 1.93 [1.11~3.26]</span><span class="s1">)。总体而言,早产儿占所有胎龄婴儿</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">相关</span><span class="s2"> ALRI </span><span class="s1">住院率的</span><span class="s2"> 25%</span><span class="s1">。</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://img.medsci.cn/20240216/1708083343593_8624274.png" /></span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">早产儿</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">相关</span><span class="s2"> ALRI </span><span class="s1">住院病死率与所有婴儿相似。与</span><span class="s2">RSV</span><span class="s1">相关</span><span class="s2">ALRI</span><span class="s1">发病率相关的因素主要是围产期特征和社会人口特征,而与感染导致的严重后果相关的因素主要是潜在的内科疾病,包括<a href="//m.capotfarm.com/topic/show?id=12192862494">先天性心脏病</a>、气管切开术、支气管肺发育不良、慢性肺部疾病或唐氏综合征。</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1">总之,早产儿面临的</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">相关疾病负担过重,占</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">住院负担的</span><span class="s2"> 25%</span><span class="s1">。早产儿的</span><span class="s2"> RSV </span><span class="s1">住院负担一直持续到第二年。</span></p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1" style="font-size: 12px; color: #808080;">原始出处</span></p> <p class="p3"><span class="s1" style="font-size: 12px; color: #808080;">Xin Wang, PhD&nbsp;*Prof You Li, PhD&nbsp;*<span class="s6">Ting Shi, PhDProf Louis J Bont, MDHeather J Zar, PhD</span>et al.Global disease burden of and risk factors for acute lower respiratory infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus in preterm infants and young children in 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated and individual participant data.Lancet.February 14, 2024DOI:<a style="color: #808080;" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00138-7"><span class="s6">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00138-7</span></a></span></p>, belongTo=, tagList=[TagDto(tagId=123818, tagName=呼吸道合胞病毒感染)], categoryList=[CategoryDto(categoryId=18, categoryName=儿科, tenant=100), CategoryDto(categoryId=84, categoryName=研究进展, tenant=100), CategoryDto(categoryId=20656, categoryName=梅斯医学, tenant=100)], articleKeywordId=0, articleKeyword=, articleKeywordNum=6, guiderKeywordId=0, guiderKeyword=, guiderKeywordNum=6, opened=1, 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Lancet:南京医科大学揭示,早产儿面临的呼吸道合胞病毒感染相关疾病负担过重
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    #呼吸道合胞病毒感染#早产儿面临的 RSV 相关疾病负担过重,占 RSV 住院负担的 25%。早产儿的 RSV 住院负担一直持续到第二年。

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2215308, encodeId=e26c2215308d6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3a0011123930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#呼吸道合胞病毒感染#</a>早产儿面临的 RSV 相关疾病负担过重,占 RSV 住院负担的 25%。早产儿的 RSV 住院负担一直持续到第二年。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=1, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=111239, encryptionId=3a0011123930, topicName=呼吸道合胞病毒感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3c709388192, createdName=ms2000002087524303, createdTime=Tue Jul 16 20:31:45 CST 2024, time=2024-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=广东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2215306, encodeId=19c82215306c0, content=呼吸道合胞病毒感染, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=1, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3c709388192, createdName=ms2000002087524303, createdTime=Tue Jul 16 20:30:44 CST 2024, time=2024-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=广东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2187674, encodeId=54c0218e67437, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3a0011123930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#呼吸道合胞病毒感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=111239, encryptionId=3a0011123930, topicName=呼吸道合胞病毒感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Fri Feb 16 19:37:46 CST 2024, time=2024-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=陕西省)]
    2024-07-16 ms2000002087524303 来自广东省

    呼吸道合胞病毒感染

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2215308, encodeId=e26c2215308d6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3a0011123930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#呼吸道合胞病毒感染#</a>早产儿面临的 RSV 相关疾病负担过重,占 RSV 住院负担的 25%。早产儿的 RSV 住院负担一直持续到第二年。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=1, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=111239, encryptionId=3a0011123930, topicName=呼吸道合胞病毒感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3c709388192, createdName=ms2000002087524303, createdTime=Tue Jul 16 20:31:45 CST 2024, time=2024-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=广东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2215306, encodeId=19c82215306c0, content=呼吸道合胞病毒感染, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=1, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3c709388192, createdName=ms2000002087524303, createdTime=Tue Jul 16 20:30:44 CST 2024, time=2024-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=广东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2187674, encodeId=54c0218e67437, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3a0011123930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#呼吸道合胞病毒感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=111239, encryptionId=3a0011123930, topicName=呼吸道合胞病毒感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Fri Feb 16 19:37:46 CST 2024, time=2024-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=陕西省)]

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