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PNAS:谁说受凉易感冒是伪科学?有科学道理!

2016-07-18 佚名 生物谷

附注: 最近一些大V,以及“知名网站”和微信号都说受凉容易感冒,属于“中医”,“伪科学”,那不是受凉,是病毒或细菌引起的,与受不受凉没有任何关系。讲得头头是道!为什么这些看似科学道理,与人们的感知不符呢?确实有很多感冒就是受凉后引发的,难道人类的感知是错误的吗?现在看看权威研究吧!小编提醒大家:既不要信谣盐,但也不能轻易那些所谓的辟谣或权威的,要做出科学的判断! 上个世纪六十年代,鼻病毒(rh

附注:

最近一些大V,以及“知名网站”和微信号都说受凉容易感冒,属于“中医”,“伪科学”,那不是受凉,是病毒或细菌引起的,与受不受凉没有任何关系。讲得头头是道!为什么这些看似科学道理,与人们的感知不符呢?确实有很多感冒就是受凉后引发的,难道人类的感知是错误的吗?现在看看权威研究吧!小编提醒大家:既不要信谣盐,但也不能轻易那些所谓的辟谣或权威的,要做出科学的判断!

上个世纪六十年代,鼻病毒(rhinoviruses)成功地从病人样本中分离得到,并被证明能够引发人体的上呼吸道感染。此前的研究指出:该病毒的最佳素质温度比人体生理温度略低,大约为33-35°C。这一结果也支持了该病毒仅仅造成鼻腔而非肺部的感染(由于鼻腔的温度低于肺部)。RV的首要感染目标为呼吸道的表皮细胞,与机体的其它部位类似,呼吸道表皮细胞也拥有天然免疫信号系统,它能够感受外界的病毒感染,并通过TLR、RLR等信号感受元件启动天然免疫效应。最近研究表明:在温度较高的条件下,表皮细胞中的天然免疫效应更加的活跃,RLR的激活能够产生大量的I型干扰素,从而抑制病毒的复制。然而,另外一些研究发现:即使缺失I型干扰素等效应基因的情况下,较高的温度也能抑制病毒的复制。这说明在生理温度下机体能够产生另外一种不依赖I型干扰素的抗病毒反应。

寒冷的冬季哪些人最容易感冒呢?

针对这一问题,来自耶鲁大学的Akiko Iwasaki课题组进行了深入研究,相关结果发表在最近一期的《PNAS》杂志上。

首先,作者利用人源器官上皮细胞检测了在RV感染情况下病毒复制能力随温度的变化情况。结果显示:当温度由33°C上升到37°C的时候,病毒的复制能力在早期就受到了明显的抑制。然而,此时细胞中I型干扰素的产生则不会随温度上升有明显变化。这说明病毒感染的早期,温度升高导致的病毒复制能力的下降并不依赖于I型干扰素的作用。此外,作者在人源HELA细胞以及小鼠的上皮细胞中都得到了验证。

为了研究其中的分子机制,作者分别检测了RV的复制能力以及宿主细胞的抗病毒反应。结果显示,在较高温度下,病毒的感染能够诱发宿主细胞的生理变化以及快速的凋亡,而在较低的温度下,被感染的细胞在较长时间内都没有明显的变化。进一步,作者证明了被感染细胞在较高温度下会发生快速的caspase3的激活,并引发细胞凋亡。抗凋亡蛋白BCL2的过表达则能够有效抑制这一过程。

综上,作者证明了普通流感病毒在较低温度下能够获得较强感染能力的内在机制,即较低温度下被感染细胞不容易发生凋亡,从而有助于病毒在宿主细胞内的复制

原始出处:

Foxman EF, Storer JA, Vanaja K, Levchenko A, Iwasaki A. Two interferon-independent double-stranded RNA-induced host defense strategies suppress the common cold virus at warm temperature. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Jul 11. pii: 201601942.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855855, encodeId=1eba185585560, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Sat Jan 14 11:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=130245, encodeId=052813024545, content=不错哦继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Sep 18 15:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93748, encodeId=931793e48cc, content=从小的教训找到了科学的依据,也许细菌病毒也要分温度高低, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=73441710184, createdName=明崖, createdTime=Wed Jul 20 01:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93553, encodeId=70d6935532e, content=牛逼,小现象,大道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=174, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=a37a1710612, createdName=oo902, createdTime=Tue Jul 19 11:25:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93533, encodeId=4ab9935332a, content=我也觉得是病毒才来引起感冒。不过受凉时机体的免疫功能下降,会更容易感冒。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Jul 19 09:33:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93406, encodeId=29a09340656, content=哈哈,本来就是, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160803/IMG57A185CE577478201.jpg, createdBy=bad41730551, createdName=小青虫, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 22:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-14 drwjr
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855855, encodeId=1eba185585560, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Sat Jan 14 11:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=130245, encodeId=052813024545, content=不错哦继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Sep 18 15:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93748, encodeId=931793e48cc, content=从小的教训找到了科学的依据,也许细菌病毒也要分温度高低, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=73441710184, createdName=明崖, createdTime=Wed Jul 20 01:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93553, encodeId=70d6935532e, content=牛逼,小现象,大道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=174, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=a37a1710612, createdName=oo902, createdTime=Tue Jul 19 11:25:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93533, encodeId=4ab9935332a, content=我也觉得是病毒才来引起感冒。不过受凉时机体的免疫功能下降,会更容易感冒。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Jul 19 09:33:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93406, encodeId=29a09340656, content=哈哈,本来就是, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160803/IMG57A185CE577478201.jpg, createdBy=bad41730551, createdName=小青虫, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 22:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-18 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    不错哦继续关注

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855855, encodeId=1eba185585560, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Sat Jan 14 11:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=130245, encodeId=052813024545, content=不错哦继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Sep 18 15:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93748, encodeId=931793e48cc, content=从小的教训找到了科学的依据,也许细菌病毒也要分温度高低, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=73441710184, createdName=明崖, createdTime=Wed Jul 20 01:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93553, encodeId=70d6935532e, content=牛逼,小现象,大道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=174, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=a37a1710612, createdName=oo902, createdTime=Tue Jul 19 11:25:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93533, encodeId=4ab9935332a, content=我也觉得是病毒才来引起感冒。不过受凉时机体的免疫功能下降,会更容易感冒。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Jul 19 09:33:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93406, encodeId=29a09340656, content=哈哈,本来就是, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160803/IMG57A185CE577478201.jpg, createdBy=bad41730551, createdName=小青虫, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 22:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-07-20 明崖

    从小的教训找到了科学的依据,也许细菌病毒也要分温度高低

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855855, encodeId=1eba185585560, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Sat Jan 14 11:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=130245, encodeId=052813024545, content=不错哦继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Sep 18 15:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93748, encodeId=931793e48cc, content=从小的教训找到了科学的依据,也许细菌病毒也要分温度高低, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=73441710184, createdName=明崖, createdTime=Wed Jul 20 01:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93553, encodeId=70d6935532e, content=牛逼,小现象,大道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=174, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=a37a1710612, createdName=oo902, createdTime=Tue Jul 19 11:25:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93533, encodeId=4ab9935332a, content=我也觉得是病毒才来引起感冒。不过受凉时机体的免疫功能下降,会更容易感冒。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=132, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Jul 19 09:33:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=93406, encodeId=29a09340656, content=哈哈,本来就是, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160803/IMG57A185CE577478201.jpg, createdBy=bad41730551, createdName=小青虫, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 22:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-07-19 oo902

    牛逼,小现象,大道理

    0

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    2016-07-19 医路开来

    我也觉得是病毒才来引起感冒。不过受凉时机体的免疫功能下降,会更容易感冒。

    0

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    2016-07-18 小青虫

    哈哈,本来就是

    0

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