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Cell Meta:新研究发现癌症顽固存在的“秘密”!

2017-10-07 佚名 medicalxpress

SanfordBurnhamPrebys医学发现研究所(SBP)和加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥分校的研究人员已经表明,通过消除周围基质组织中的p62蛋白,肿瘤可以确保更可靠的营养供应。具体来说,p62缺陷可帮助肿瘤和间质(肿瘤外的支持组织)生存和生长,尽管被剥夺了谷氨酰胺这种必需氨基酸。


Dr. Diaz-Meco is a professor in SBP's NCI-designated cancer. Credit: James Short

SanfordBurnhamPrebys医学发现研究所(SBP)和加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥分校的研究人员已经表明,通过消除周围基质组织中的p62蛋白,肿瘤可以确保更可靠的营养供应。具体来说,p62缺陷可帮助肿瘤和间质(肿瘤外的支持组织)生存和生长,尽管被剥夺了谷氨酰胺这种必需氨基酸。

该研究于10月5日在细胞代谢中发表,表明肿瘤基质中的p62通路可能是潜在的抗癌靶点。SBP的NCI指定的癌症中心教授MariaDiaz-Meco博士说:“癌症传统上一直以针对癌基因成瘾的化学疗法(肿瘤用于生存的致癌信号)进行治疗。“我们正在研究非致癌成瘾,这是非突变基因的功能,也有助于许多癌症的生存。”

Diaz-Meco解释说:“例如,基质不是癌症,而是支持肿瘤的重要组成部分。“我们认为,不仅在突变的肿瘤细胞中,而且在基质中靶向代谢将是寻找新疗法的一种方法,无论癌症的突变如何。”

肿瘤必须开发独特的机制来确保足够的营养供应。为了做到这一点,他们重新连接周围的组织,特别是基因中与癌症相关的成纤维细胞,被劫持以进行肿瘤的招标。基本上,癌症改造了它的巢。

“营养出现供应压力会怎么样?”Diaz-Meco问道。“肿瘤的营养物质越来越受到限制,肿瘤消除了基质中的p62,使基质更具攻击性,更具炎症性,并能够支持该疾病。”

这是癌症中的常见策略,因为p62通常在乳腺,前列腺,肝脏和其他肿瘤的基质中缺失。

Diaz-Meco,以及JorgeMoscat博士,SBP的NCI指定癌症中心的教授兼副主任,加州大学圣地亚哥分校生物工程副教授ChristianMetallo博士认为,这种基质支持可以提供干扰肿瘤供应线的引人注目的方法。因为肿瘤沉迷于这些机制,所以有可能将其靶向,而不会遇到显著的阻力。

Diaz-Meco说:“这提供了利用肿瘤脆弱性的新策略。”“我们希望靶向非致癌成瘾者会产生较少的抵抗力,因为基质在基因稳定过程中并不像肿瘤细胞在侵袭性治疗中那样发生突变。”

在研究中,研究小组发现,减少p62可增加ATF4,一种必需的转录因子蛋白,指导细胞适应营养物质在肿瘤微环境中的优势。ATF4水平仅在基质中改变,在上皮细胞中保持不变,而与p62水平无关。

没有ATF4,无谷氨酰胺介质中的基质细胞停止生长。进一步的探索表明,p62在分解ATF4方面发挥了关键作用,占低谷氨酰胺水平的较高水平。

最终,失去p62并获得ATF4激活产生氨基酸天冬酰胺的复杂途径,其允许基质细胞和最终的肿瘤细胞生存和生长,尽管处于营养不良的条件。从治疗角度来看,这迫使肿瘤变得依赖于这一途径,使得ATF4成为潜在的易受到破坏癌症生长的脆弱性。

到目前为止,由于其在肿瘤上皮细胞中的作用,p62仅被视为癌症启动子。它在基质中起着不同的作用,强调了这些分子关系的复杂程度。作者认为现在是更加重视基质及其如何支持肿瘤进展的时候了。

Diaz-Meco说:“基质的作用不足,”几乎没有关于基质代谢如何影响肿瘤生长的论文,我们真的需要更多地了解这种基本的重新布线来开发更有效和更少毒性的治疗机会。”

原始出处:

Juan F. Linares, Thekla Cordes, Angeles Duran, et.al. ATF4-Induced Metabolic Reprograming Is a Synthetic Vulnerability of the p62-Deficient Tumor Stroma. Cell Metabolism

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    2018-01-26 guojianrong
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    2018-07-17 一闲
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    2018-04-22 维他命
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    2017-10-07 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    发现癌症秘密.有望攻克之.

    0

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    2017-10-07 Y—xianghai

    学习了新知识

    0

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