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Schizophr Bull:精神分裂症阴性症状的表达障碍与动机-愉悦缺乏研究新进展

2018-04-03 佚名 中科院心理研究所

精神分裂症患者的阴性症状严重影响患者的社会功能及生活质量,是精神分裂症残疾的主要预测因素。因此,阴性症状的评估和干预对于精神分裂症的研究非常重要。

精神分裂症患者的阴性症状严重影响患者的社会功能及生活质量,是精神分裂症残疾的主要预测因素。因此,阴性症状的评估和干预对于精神分裂症的研究非常重要。最新研究显示,阴性症状可以汇聚成“动机-愉悦”和“表达”两个维度。阴性症状临床评估访谈(The Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms,CAINS)是在这种评估需求下发展的新型临床评估工具,国外的研究已验证其具有良好的信效度,但其在中国文化背景下的适用性需要进一步的验证。同时,是否能基于CAINS评分对精神分裂症谱系中的不同人群进行区分尚不清楚。

据此,中国科学院心理研究所心理健康院重点实验室神经心理和应用认知神经科学实验室(NACN Lab)研究员陈楚侨团队开展了两项研究,使用CAINS考察阴性症状在精神分裂症患者、未患病的一级亲属以及高社会快感缺失个体中的表现。

第一项研究对185位精神分裂症患者进行CAINS和其他阴性症状临床评估,以验证CAINS的结构。各项指标表明,CAINS中文版具有良好的信效度,可以作为从“动机-愉悦”和“表达”两个维度评估精神分裂症患者阴性症状的有效工具。

第二项研究探讨了CAINS在精神分裂症谱系中的区分度,研究招募了44位精神分裂症患者、43位未患病的一级家属及44位健康对照组,并通过筛查招募了37位高社会快感缺失个体及36位对照组大学生。结果显示,精神分裂症患者在“动机-愉悦”和“表达”上均存在严重缺损,未患病的一级家属在“动机-愉悦”因子上的评分显着高于健康对照组;高社会快感缺失个体在“动机-愉悦”和“表达”上的评分均显着高于对照组大学生。

上述研究结果表明,CAINS中文版可以从“动机-愉悦”和“表达”两个维度评估精神分裂症患者的阴性症状。更重要的是,该研究发现,表达障碍、动机-愉悦缺损不仅在精神分裂症患者中出现,在未患病一级家属、分裂型特质个体甚至非临床群体中也存在。CAINS的因子分具有辨别精神分裂症患者、未患病一级家属、高危大学生及健康对照组的敏感性。这些结果表明,CAINS中文版是可以稳定有效地评估我国精神分裂症患者(甚至是表现出类似症状的其他临床人群)阴性症状的临床工具。

相关研究成果发表在Schizophrenia Bulletin上。该研究得到了国家自然科学基金、国家重点研究发展规划项目、北京市科学与技术领军人才项目、北京市科学与技术基金及中科院心理健康重点实验室的资助。

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    2018-04-04 jihuaijun1112

    学习学习学习

    0

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    2018-04-03 虈亣靌

    不错很喜欢很实用.值得推荐

    0

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    2018-04-03 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

    0

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据外媒 Techspot 报道,伦敦国王学院精神病学、心理学和神经科学研究所(IoPPN)和罗汉普顿大学的科学家们刚刚完成了一项“试点”研究,这可能可以教精神分裂症患者如何控制他们的言语幻觉。

苯甲酸钠有助于精神分裂症的治疗

根据一项最新研究,常见的食品防腐剂苯甲酸钠能够改善氯氮平耐药的精神分裂症患者的症状。中国医科大学(中国台湾)的Hsien-Yuan Lane博士领导的一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的临床试验显示,在安定药物氯氮平中加入苯甲酸钠可改善其他药物无效的精神分裂患者的症状,这一发现为难治性精神分裂患者的治疗提供了新的选择。

NAT COMMUN:昆明动物所在精神分裂症遗传机制研究中取得进展

精神分裂症是一种严重影响患者思维、情感和行为的常见精神疾病,目前影响了全球约1%的人口。由于病因复杂,反复发作以及大多在青壮年发病,精神分裂症严重影响患者生活,同时给患者家属和社会带来沉重负担。精神分裂症的遗传力高达0.8左右,表明遗传因素起到关键作用。目前GWAS鉴别到的绝大多数与精神分裂症显着相关的遗传变异都位于非编码区,暗示这些遗传易感位点很可能通过调控基因表达水平进而影响精神分裂症易感。

Neurosci Biobehav Rev:精神分裂症谱系与孤独症谱系患者表现出相似多感觉时间整合缺陷

精神分裂症和孤独症是两种严重的神经发育性疾病,它们有很多相似的临床症状,如社会认知缺损、社交互动障碍等。最新的研究提示,这两种疾病可能处在同一个神经发育性疾病的连续体中。

Radiology:精神分裂症患者灰质在减少

本研究旨在验证精神分裂症患者结构变化的空间及因果关系,并将结果发表在radiology上。

NPJ Schi:精神分裂症新见解,人类发展的“副作用”

一项新的研究发现,精神分裂症可能是复杂的人脑发育过程中的一种“不受欢迎的副作用”。

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