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癌症新疗法:癌细胞的自我毁灭

2017-03-01 zphb141223 来宝资讯

癌细胞是一种具有无限增殖的能力的细胞,癌细胞基因组会出现许多基因突变,从而产生许多功能障碍的蛋白质。与其他所有细胞一样,癌细胞为了生存也需要时刻清除细胞内“垃圾”。现在,加利福利亚理工学院生物学教授和霍华德休斯医学院研究所研究员Ray Deshaies实验室的生物学家已经研发了一种新方法来抑制癌细胞的清除机制,导致癌细胞内充满缺陷的蛋白质,从而自我毁灭。

癌细胞是一种具有无限增殖的能力的细胞,癌细胞基因组会出现许多基因突变,从而产生许多功能障碍的蛋白质。与其他所有细胞一样,癌细胞为了生存也需要时刻清除细胞内“垃圾”。现在,加利福利亚理工学院生物学教授和霍华德休斯医学院研究所研究员Ray Deshaies实验室的生物学家已经研发了一种新方法来抑制癌细胞的清除机制,导致癌细胞内充满缺陷的蛋白质,从而自我毁灭。

该研究于2月27日发表在《Nature Chemical Biology》杂志上。

蛋白酶体是一种中空圆柱结构,主要作用是降解细胞不需要的或有缺陷的蛋白质,它使得蛋白质被降解,而后蛋白质被切割成短的肽段并排出胞外。当细胞产生一个有缺陷的蛋白质时,它会被至少四个称为泛素的小型蛋白质标记,与蛋白酶体形成“多泛素链”,将蛋白酶体带到这一标记的蛋白质上,开始其降解过程,此时蛋白酶体上称为Rpn11的部分会切断泛素链。此步骤是必须的,因为泛素链太大而不能装配在蛋白酶体内部。

由Deshaies团队与加州大学圣地亚哥分校研究人员合作研发的一种新化合物能抑制Rpn11的活性,使得蛋白酶体不可能完全破坏有害的蛋白质,而这些有害蛋白质的大量积累会引起细胞灾难性应激,从而导致细胞死亡。

尽管化合物会影响所有细胞中的蛋白酶体,但是正常细胞中功能障碍的蛋白质较少,所以某些类型的癌细胞比正常细胞对蛋白酶体抑制剂更加敏感,因此即使小剂量的药物也有致命的作用。

“目前所有针对蛋白酶体的抗癌药物都是通过抑制蛋白酶体内部的蛋白切割酶而发挥作用,因此他们都具有类似的缺点,并且会随着时间的推移作用消失,”生物和生物工程博士后以及该论文的第一作者Jing Li说到。“我们的研究提供了一种替代途径,使蛋白酶体失效,包括那些不再对现有药物其反应的细胞。”

该化合物已经在人类癌细胞中做过试验,但是还需要更多的工作来进一步提高其效力,并且还需要通过动物实验来评价其作为药物的潜力。。。

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    2017-05-28 laoli

    谢谢分享,学习了!

    0

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    2017-04-06 jyzxjiangqin

    癌细胞的自我毁灭。

    0

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    2017-03-29 jyzxjiangqin

    癌细胞的自我毁灭。

    0

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    2017-03-23 jyzxjiangqin

    癌细胞的自我毁灭。

    0

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    2017-03-03 yxch36
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    2017-03-03 kcb074
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    2017-03-01 Albert Wu

    希望早日用于临床

    0

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