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JAMDA:65岁意志薄弱心理脆弱者慎用镇静剂

2015-03-28 MedSci MedSci原创

研究目的:探索使用镇静药物与薄弱意志脆弱心理的关系。设计:该研究为横断面研究。环境:地点在爱尔兰老龄化纵向研究中心(TILDA),这是一个具有全国代表性的社区中心,因为这里聚集着爱尔兰50岁以上的人们。参与人员:我们选取了65岁以上的1642位男士和1804位女士。测量工具:根据镇静剂负荷(SL)模型来确定镇静剂的常规使用剂量,并采用有效的工具来评估脆弱状态、脆弱心态得分(FI)。结果:总的来说,

研究目的:

探索使用镇静药物与薄弱意志脆弱心理的关系。

设计:

该研究为横断面研究。

环境:

地点在爱尔兰老龄化纵向研究中心(TILDA),这是一个具有全国代表性的社区中心,因为这里聚集着爱尔兰50岁以上的人们。

参与人员:

我们选取了65岁以上的1642位男士和1804位女士。

测量工具:

根据镇静剂负荷(SL)模型来确定镇静剂的常规使用剂量,并采用有效的工具来评估脆弱状态、脆弱心态得分(FI)。

结果:

总的来说,有19%的参与者使用镇静剂,最常见的是安眠药和抗抑郁药,在使用镇静剂的人群中,46%的人在意志薄弱时服用,23%的人在意志薄弱产生脆弱抑郁心态之前服用,9%的人在无意志薄弱时服用。协变量调整之后,SL与意志薄弱前的状态呈正相关,(优势比OR为1.27,95%可信区间为1.11到1.46);与意志薄弱时的状态也正相关(优势比OR为1.30,95%可信区间为1.02到1.64).年龄因素(不是性别)较显著(P<0.001),协变量调整之后,SL与FI的关系也较显著(P≤0.001 ,β=1.77; 95% 可信区间为 1.13–2.42)。

结论:

镇静剂负荷SL与意志薄弱状态及脆弱心态和脆弱得分FI呈正相关。这表明,在为意志薄弱和脆弱的老年人开处方镇静剂时必须谨慎而又认真,因为这些老年人最易受到药物不良反应和身体不佳结果的影响。而且我们应该从中懂得,医务人员必须采用更加细心的态度来关注使用镇静剂的人群,观察他们心态的变化或者出现的不良反应。指导他们如何保持轻松愉悦的心态,将药物不良反应降到最低。

补充:

镇静剂的中毒表现:

急性中毒,多因误服或自杀所致,也可能由于静脉注射剂量过大,速度过快所致。中毒者主要表现为兴奋、谵妄,继而呈嗜睡、呼吸浅速、皮肤发绀、痛觉消失、瞳孔散大、昏迷。早期多因呼吸中枢麻痹致死,晚期多因呼吸衰竭、脑水肿或合并肺部感染致死。

慢性中毒表现为嗜睡,思维联想困难、记忆缺损、判断力差、情绪不稳、激动易怒。症状严重时语言不清、眼球震颤、步履迟缓,且常伴有视幻觉、妄想、惊恐和躁狂等精神症状。

原始出处:

Jure Peklar, Aisling M. O'Halloran, Ian D. Maidment, Martin C. Henman, Rose Anne Kenny,  Mitja Kos. Sedative Load and Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Population Aged ≥65 Years.JAMDA Volume 16, Issue 4, 1 April 2015, Pages 282–289

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    2015-04-18 wetgdt
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1943512, encodeId=fbf1194351240, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=daad11404a3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MDA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11404, encryptionId=daad11404a3, topicName=MDA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e34303, createdName=wetgdt, createdTime=Sat Apr 18 07:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=19061, encodeId=a2d6190615d, content=获益与风险平衡, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=149, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=101.231.243.**, createdTime=Mon Mar 30 14:57:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1315972, encodeId=11b613159e222, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa2e24053f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AMD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2405, encryptionId=fa2e24053f, topicName=AMD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ec53439, createdName=zhty5337, createdTime=Mon Mar 30 02:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1553441, encodeId=be271553441e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eace96809ee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#镇静剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96809, encryptionId=eace96809ee, topicName=镇静剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4ad414379206, createdName=caoliehu, createdTime=Mon Mar 30 02:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-30 101.231.243.**

    获益与风险平衡

    0

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    2015-03-30 zhty5337
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