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Environ Sci Technol Lett:美研究称:空气污染让国人减寿约1.3年,减少污染可增寿0.76岁

2018-08-24 卢芳 中国循环杂志

雾霾,国人已深受其扰。一提雾霾就不能不提其中漂浮着的PM2.5,这些小颗粒可以深入人体,与心血管病、脑卒中、呼吸系统疾病和癌症等疾病风险都脱不开干系。

雾霾,国人已深受其扰。一提雾霾就不能不提其中漂浮着的PM2.5,这些小颗粒可以深入人体,与血管病、脑卒中、呼吸系统疾病和癌症等疾病风险都脱不开干系。

近期一项美国研究对全球185个国家的全球疾病负担数据分析发现,好空气让人长寿,而雾霾则减寿。

研究显示,2016年暴露于PM2.5使得全球平均预期寿命缩短了差不多1岁,而在亚洲、非洲空气污染严重的地区,则减寿1.2~1.9年。其中雾霾让国人减寿1.3年。

空气变好了,会如何?

研究显示,如果全球所有国家控制PM2.5达到世界卫生组织所要求的水平,即10 μg/m3,全球人均预期寿命会增加0.59岁(人口加权中位数),获益堪比根除肺癌乳腺癌。而在中国,国人也会多活0.76岁。


图1  PM2.5污染所致全球不同国家和地区预期寿命的缩短年限情况(a)和将PM2.5控制在10 μg/m3各地区预期寿命的增加情况(b)

值得一提是,中国的PM2.5不是一般的高,不过也不算最差。


图2  暴露在PM2.5污染的空气中是过早死亡的重要风险因素,右图为2016年各国年度平均PM2.5浓度

“空气污染对人类生存影响非常大,尤其是印度、中国等国家。如果亚洲地区大部分国家空气质量变好了,60岁的人将有15%~20%的可能活到85岁甚至更高寿。”研究者说。

原始出处:Joshua S. Apte, Michael Brauer, Aaron J. Cohen, et al. Ambient PM2.5 Reduces Global and Regional Life Expectancy. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, August 22, 2018

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    2019-01-14 shock_melon
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    2018-09-29 wmw990556

    不错的文章,学习

    0

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    2018-09-02 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了,谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2018-08-26 july_979
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    2018-08-24 1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称)

    不错的文章值得拥有哦

    0

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    2018-08-24 天地飞扬

    了解一下,谢谢分享!

    0

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    2018-08-24 医者仁心5538

    学习了

    0

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