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Nature:免疫疗法为何仅对一些癌症有疗效?关键在于蛋白SLAMF7

2017-04-20 生物谷 生物谷

如果我们的免疫系统能够治愈癌症,将会是怎么样?这个假设太过简单而不是真实的,但是它成为一种新出现的癌症疗法(即免疫疗法)的基础。加拿大蒙特利尔临床研究所研究员、蒙特利尔大学医学院教授André Veillette博士针对这个快速发展的领域,在Nature期刊上发表了一篇标题为“SLAMF7 is critical for phagocytosi



如果我们的免疫系统能够治愈癌症,将会是怎么样?这个假设太过简单而不是真实的,但是它成为一种新出现的癌症疗法(即免疫疗法)的基础。加拿大蒙特利尔临床研究所研究员、蒙特利尔大学医学院教授André Veillette博士针对这个快速发展的领域,在Nature期刊上发表了一篇标题为“SLAMF7 is critical for phagocytosis of haematopoietic tumour cells via Mac-1 integrin”的论文。Veillette博士和他的团队发现为何免疫疗法在一些病人体内有疗效,而且其他病人体内是无疗效的:SLAMF7分子起着支配作用。

免疫疗法:癌症治疗中的一个新出现的领域

我们的免疫系统含有杀死微生物和其他入侵者的巨噬细胞、T细胞和自然杀伤细胞。但是癌细胞利用多种策略成功地欺骗这些英勇的战士。免疫疗法的作用就是让这些策略失效,并且提供许多显著的益处。不同于化疗和放疗等更加侵入性的疗法的是,它靶向癌细胞,并且能够不伤害健康的细胞。

然而,免疫疗法并不总是成功的。相当数量的病人并不对这种疗法反应良好。此外,免疫疗法因让免疫系统过度活跃而导致一些病人产生主要的副作用。在这些情形下,从一开始采取放疗或化疗等传统疗法或许会更好。

Veillette团队想要理解为何免疫疗法仅在一些病例中是有效的。这些研究人员特别对一种涉及蛋白CD47的潜在疗法感兴趣。CD47已被公认为是一种逃避机制。论文第一作者、Veillette博士实验室博士后研究员Jun Chen博士说,“CD47像变得龙那样发挥作用。”

Veillette博士补充道,“它是在癌细胞的表面上发现到的,让这些癌细胞看起来是健康的:它告诉免疫系统不要摧毁它们,从而为肿瘤生长和转移打开大门。”

已发现CD47在血癌等多种癌症中高水平地存在。不用说,阻止CD47结合到免疫细胞上的分子,即CD47抑制剂,正在被作为潜在新的抗癌疗法加以广泛地研究。但是Veillette团队已鉴定出这种机制中的另一个非常重要的组分SLAMF7必须存在于癌细胞表面上才能够被免疫细胞摧毁。因此,对所患的癌症缺乏SLAMF7的病人而言,服用CD47抑制剂可能会起到反效果。

转向精准医学

Veillette团队的发现可能是预测哪些病人将对CD47抑制剂作出反应的关键。确定 SLAMF7是否存在于病人的癌症中可能有助从一开始确定CD47抑制剂是否是一种好的治疗选择。通过以这种方式对病人进行预筛选,不适合接受这种抑制剂治疗的病人可能快速地重新选择一种更可能取得成功的替代性疗法。这就是所谓的精准医学。

Veillette实验室希望这一发现也将导致即将到来的CD47抑制剂临床试验取得成功。Veillette博士说,“相比于病人正在临床试验中接受测试的疗法,当前存在更多的潜在的新疗法。为了利用免疫疗法等新出现疗法的全部潜力,我们应当不要把它们作为通用疗法加以使用,这是因为这会让非常有用的疗法被忽略掉,从而阻止我们在抵抗癌症的过程中取得进展。”

原始出处:

Jun Chen, Ming-Chao Zhong, Huaijian Guo et al. SLAMF7 is critical for phagocytosis of haematopoietic tumour cells via Mac-1 integrin. Nature, Published online 19 April 2017, doi:10.1038/nature22076

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    2018-03-24 showtest
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    2017-10-16 lxg951
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1948868, encodeId=d02219488684a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a4ee8862475' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白S#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88624, encryptionId=a4ee8862475, topicName=蛋白S)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f0715, createdName=showtest, createdTime=Sat Mar 24 16:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2057586, encodeId=1266205e5863c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c02b106e29a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#LAM#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10672, encryptionId=c02b106e29a, topicName=LAM)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=04ce158, createdName=lxg951, createdTime=Mon Oct 16 19:43:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=210575, encodeId=13c62105e5c4, content=免疫疗法仅仅对一些癌症有疗效。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Wed Jun 14 09:09:37 CST 2017, time=2017-06-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881941, encodeId=039718819417c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Fri Apr 06 01:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=199604, encodeId=69a719960403, content=学习了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Thu May 18 12:55:20 CST 2017, time=2017-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1614887, encodeId=0974161488e89, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bc30163907f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SLAMF7#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16390, encryptionId=bc30163907f, topicName=SLAMF7)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150719553947, createdName=斯嘉莉, createdTime=Sat Apr 22 12:43:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-14 jyzxjiangqin

    免疫疗法仅仅对一些癌症有疗效。

    0

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    2018-04-06 liye789132251
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    2017-05-18 luominglian113

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-04-22 斯嘉莉

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