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Environmental Health:孕妇暴露于空气污染,或可增加婴儿肥胖风险

2021-06-13 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

众所周知,空气污染是众多疾病的罪魁祸首,其中空气中的颗粒物是目前全球面临的重要的污染物之一。

众所周知,空气污染是众多疾病的罪魁祸首,其中空气中的颗粒物是目前全球面临的重要的污染物之一。有研究显示,空气污染会影响人类一生的健康状况,包括儿童时期和成年后。先前研究发现,孕妇在空气污染的环境其中,会增加早产和婴儿出生体重偏低的风险,更是在胎盘中发现污染颗粒。

CCO

近日,发表在Environmental Health杂志的一项研究显示,母亲在怀孕期间暴露高水平空气污染物,与巨大儿和婴儿超重肥胖有关。

在这项研究中,研究人员对特定污染物对婴儿成长发育的影响,追踪了来自美国南加州的123 名西班牙裔婴儿。同时,通过美国环境保护署空气质量系统对环境进行监测,并收集空气质量数据,包括PM2.5 PM10(来自工厂、汽车和建筑的可吸入颗粒)场地)、二氧化氮(汽车和发电厂排放的一种无味气体)和臭氧(烟雾的主要成分)等4类污染物。然后,研究人员对这些婴儿进行跟踪,不仅定期测量体重和身高,还测量携带的脂肪量。

产前暴露空气污染物的情况

结果发现,产前接触更高水平的环境空气污染,婴儿在出生后 1 6 个月的体重增加和人体测量指标增加有关,这有可能是增加儿童肥胖的风险。而且,在某些情况下,污染物对男婴和女婴的影响似乎不同。接触臭氧和二氧化氮与女婴腰部脂肪堆积有关,而男婴则与身高的增长缓慢和腹部周围脂肪堆积有关。

产前暴露空气污染物和婴儿在产后1-6个月的生长变化

那么,吸入的空气污染物是如何未出生婴儿的生长发育的?研究人员表示,这些污染物会使肺部发炎,进而引起器官的全身炎症,影响代谢过程,如胰岛素敏感性,进而影响胎儿发育。污染物还被证明会影响婴儿的基因表达,可能会产生跨越几代人的终生影响。

研究人员指出,在一个日益多样化的国家,少数族裔一再被证明要承担更高的污染负担,研究这些空气毒素如何影响他们的健康很重要。2018年,有研究发现,穷人和有色人种接触空气污染物是白人的 1.5 倍。

最后,研究人员表示,由于该研究仅包括西班牙裔母亲,因此需要进行更大规模的试验以确认结果适用于其他人群。研究人员建议孕妇应采取更多的预防措施,比如在高臭氧的环境下关闭窗户,在空气污染严重的时候不要在户外锻炼,避免在繁忙的道路旁活动,以尽量减少暴露于空气污染的风险。

原始出处

William B. Patterson et al, Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants and early infant growth and adiposity in the Southern California Mother's Milk Study, Environmental Health (2021). DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00753-8

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    2022-03-06 lixiaol
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    2021-10-30 shizhenshan
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    2021-06-15 july_979
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Schizophrenia Bulletin:肥胖是首发精神病患者大脑加速衰老的危险因素

精神病患者的脑改变在首发时就已经很明显,随着时间的推移,在临床结果恶化或基线BMI更高的患者中变得更加明显。重要的是,BMI是预测未来1-2年大脑老化加速的唯一基线变量。

Nat Med:单基因突变可能导致我们许多人多长30斤脂肪!

最新研究发现,大约每340人中就有1人可能携带MC4R的单基因突变。携带这些基因突变的人从幼儿期起,就拥有更大的体重,到18岁时,他们的平均体重高出约17公斤,其中过量的体重大部分是脂肪。

Cell Death Differ:IRF3:肥胖和肥胖相关代谢疾病的潜在治疗靶标

肥胖是导致包括2型糖尿病(T2D)、脂肪肝和心血管疾病在内的慢性疾病发生发展的一大主要因素。

Obesity:癌症与肥胖的因果关系

肥胖与至少13种癌症发展或死亡的风险增加有关。据估计,11%的女性癌症和5%的男性癌症可归因于超重和肥胖。

Nat Commun:特异性拮抗Y1R可预防饮食引起的肥胖

当能量摄入持续超过能量消耗(EE)时,就会发生肥胖和相关代谢疾病。

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