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Clin Infect Dis:流感相关下呼吸道感染 奥司他韦应用时机有学问

2018-09-21 吴星 环球医学

流感相关住院的发病率和死亡率较高。许多流感相关住院患者可出现下呼吸道感染(LRTI)综合征,包括社区获得性肺炎(CAP)、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)急性发作或急性支气管炎。

流感相关住院的发病率和死亡率较高。许多流感相关住院患者可出现下呼吸道感染(LRTI)综合征,包括社区获得性肺炎(CAP)、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)急性发作或急性支气管炎。

2018年8月,美国学者在《Clin Infect Dis》发表了一项评估因流感相关下呼吸道感染(I-LRTIs)患者,住院时初始奥司他韦治疗有效性的随机研究,旨在确定早期经验型抗流感治疗是否会改善I-LRTIs住院患者的结局。

这是一项随机、非盲试验,研究对象为2009~2012年肯塔基的I-LRTIs成年住院患者。患者被随机分为A组(标准治疗)和B组(标准治疗+入组24小时内尽早使用奥司他韦)。首要结局为发生临床失败(复合终点,包括7天内未实现临床改善、入院后24小时转入重症监护或30天内再入院或死亡)。进行意向治疗(ITT)(全部LRTI)和符合方案集(PP)(I-LRTI)分析。

总共纳入了1107名患者,并纳入ITT分析,其中A组556人,B组551人。两组从症状发作到住院的中位时间为5天(四分位距,5);B组初始奥司他韦的中位时间为第6天。两组的临床失败发生率无差异(A组25%,B组24%;P=0.561)。在PP分析中,A组45人中的11人(24%)和B组29人中的4人(14%)临床失败(P=0.414)。

I-LRTIs住院患者中,疾病发作后超过5天使用奥司他韦不会减少临床失败。然而,研究者并没有纳入他们预计的I-LRTI样本量。

临床试验注册:NCT01248715

在本研究中,研究者未能证明,在I-LRTIs患者入院时,经验性奥司他韦治疗可显著降低临床失败的发生率。虽然研究者试图在感染的早期开始抗病毒治疗,但纳入本研究的参与者,从最初出现体征和症状到开始住院中位数5天后,奥司他韦开始治疗的中位数时间为发病后6天。尽管早期给予抗病毒治疗与入院时间相关,但就流感病毒感染的自然病史而言,并未早期给予治疗。因此,本研究的结果提示,在疾病超过5天后开始使用奥司他韦,可能不会减少I-LRTIs住院患者的临床失败。

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    2018-09-23 zhmscau
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    2018-09-21 1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称)

    不错的文章值得拥有哦

    0

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    2018-09-21 医者仁心5538

    学习了

    0

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