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JAMA Oncol.:BRCA1/2基因突变状态能否预测三阴乳腺癌新辅助化疗效果?

2017-07-18 Ryy 肿瘤资讯

GeparSixto研究结果显示,含卡铂的联合方案(蒽环类、紫杉等)对三阴乳腺癌患者改善了无疾病生存(DFS)(p=0.56,p=0.372), 同时将病理完全缓解率(pCR)转化为DFS优势。BRCA1和BRCA2突变状态是否会影响治疗结果?通过二次数据分析,结果显示,对于没有BRCA1和BRCA2基因突变的患者,新辅助化疗方案中加入卡铂可以显着提高病理完全缓解率及无疾病生存,但是对于BRCA1

GeparSixto研究结果显示,含卡铂的联合方案(蒽环类、紫杉等)对三阴乳腺癌患者改善了无疾病生存(DFS)(p=0.56,p=0.372), 同时将病理完全缓解率(pCR)转化为DFS优势。BRCA1和BRCA2突变状态是否会影响治疗结果?通过二次数据分析,结果显示,对于没有BRCA1和BRCA2基因突变的患者,新辅助化疗方案中加入卡铂可以显着提高病理完全缓解率及无疾病生存,但是对于BRCA1和BRCA2基因突变携带三阴乳腺癌患者,由于其本身的反应率加高,卡铂的加入没有显着提高获益。

背景

三阴乳腺癌(TNBC)约占全部乳腺癌的17%,具有遗传相关性。约70% BRCA1突变患者(OMIM 113705)及23% BRCA2突变患者(OMIM 600185)为三阴乳腺癌。基于这些线索,检测TNBC患者的体细胞突变情况,发现了她们BRCA1 及 BRCA2的突变频率更高。近期有研究报道在非选择性TNBC患者中,BRCA1 突变率为8.5%,BRCA2突变率为2.7%,3.7%患者为非BRCA1、BRCA12的其它易感性突变。

BRCA1和BRCA2是双链DNA断裂同源重组修复中的关键基因。许多其它基因的同源重组修复基因如ATM、BRIP1、CHEK2、NBN、PALB2、RAD51C、RAD51D等是目前公认的、增加遗传性乳腺癌和/或卵巢癌风险的相关基因。在这些基因中,只有BRCA1、BRCA2和PALB2,已证实与TNBC肿瘤表型相关。乳腺癌及卵巢癌患者中BRCA1、BRCA2突变携带者对于DNA损伤性药物的疗效更加明显。这促使研究者重新回顾性分析了GeparSixto研究中TBNC患者的DNA样本及癌症家族史,评价BRCA1、BRCA2突变状态是否可以预测TBNC患者的治疗反应。

方法

对GeparSixto研究中TNBC患者进行二次数据分析,入组时间为2011年8月1日至2012年12月31日。共有315例TNBC患者,24例因DNA样本不足没有纳入分析,291例(92.4%)纳入研究。主要研究指标为BRCA1及 BRCA2 突变状态与新辅助化疗后患者病理完全缓解率(pCR)及无疾病生存(DFS)的关系。

结果

pCR 291例患者全部为女性,平均年龄48岁。pCR:卡铂组为56.8%(83/146)非卡铂组为41.4%(60/145),两组具有统计学差异(OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.17-2.97; P?=0?.009),多因素分析达到显着差异水平(OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.19-3.63; P?=0?.01)。

易感基因突变状况检测BRCA1、BRCA2及16种非BRCA1、BRCA2易感基因状态。14.8%(43/291)携带致病性BRCA1突变,2.4%(7/291)携带致病性BRCA2突变,3.4%(10/291)携带其他非BRCA1、BRCA2突变(BARD1 [n?=?1], FANCM [n?=?2], MRE11A [n?=?1], NBN [n?=?2], RAD50 [n?=?2], RAD51C [n?=?1], 及XRCC2 [n?=?1])。总体来说,共50例TNBC(17.2%)携带有BRCA1、BRCA2突变,10例(3.4%)携带其他易感基因突变。由于其他易感基因病例数较少,在分析基因状态相关性时没有分析这个亚组。

pCR与BRCA1、BRCA2突变状态的关系50例携带BRCA1、BRCA2突变TNBC患者中,有23例(46%)发病年龄<40岁,没有携带BRCA1、BRCA2突的TNBC仅占17.4%(42/241)。癌症家族史:62%突变携带者(31/50)具有癌症家族史,非突变携带者为32.8%(79/241)。BRCA1和BRCA2基因突变状态与基线时肿瘤分期、淋巴结状况、风险分级及Ki67染色水平无显着相关性。非卡铂治疗组,66.7%(16/24)的BRCA1、BRCA2突变携带者达到pCR,而非突变携带者只有36.4%(44/121),两组具有统计学差异(OR, 3.50; 95% CI, 1.39-8.84; P?=?.008);卡铂组中,65.4%(17/26)的BRCA1、BRCA2突变携带者达到pCR,表明卡铂的应用并没有增加突变携带患者的pCR率(卡铂 vs. 非卡铂:65.4% vs. 66.7%)。在交互检验中,突变状态与卡铂没有达到统计学结果(OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.17-2.68; P?=?0.58)。对于非突变的TNBC患者者而言,卡铂的加入提高了反应率,从而进一步提高了pCR(非卡铂组vs. 卡铂组: 36.4%[44/121] vs. 55%[66/120]; OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.28-3.58; P?=0?.004)。

pCR与家族史对于没有癌症家族史的TNBC患者而言,新辅助化疗中加入卡铂可以显着提高pCR(非卡铂组vs. 卡铂组:37%[34/92] vs. 53.9%[48/89]; OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.10-3.62; P?=0?.02)。而对于具有癌症家族史的TNBC患者来说,卡铂的加入只中度提高了pCR,没有达到统计学意义(非卡铂组vs. 卡铂组:49.1%[26/53] vs. 61.4%[35/57]; OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 0.77-3.53; P?=0?.19)。值得注意的是,在10例携带非BRCA1、BRCA2突变的患者中,9例没有癌症家族史,4例达到pCR。

DFS与治疗方案及BRCA1、BRCA2突变状态的关系随访至35月时,卡铂组表现出较好的DFS(HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32-0.95; P?=?.03)。不具有BRCA1、BRCA2突变的TNBC患者新辅助化疗中加入卡铂可以提高DFS(非卡铂组vs.卡铂组:73.5%[ 64.1%-80.8%] vs. 85.3%[95% CI 77.0%-90.8%]; HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.29-0.96; P?=0?.04)。而无论何种治疗方案,BRCA1、BRCA2突变携带者的DFS率均较高:非卡铂组为82.5(59.6%-93.1%),卡铂组为86.3%(63.1%-95.4%)。无论BRCA1、BRCA2突变状态如何,pCR与DFS均具有显着相关性(log-rank P?<0?.001)。(图1)



图1 基于BRCA1/2突变状态的DFS Kaplan‐Meier分析

结论

对于BRCA1和 BRCA2突变的三阴性乳腺癌,新辅助化疗无论是否加入卡铂,均具有较高的反应率。对于不具有BRCA1和 BRCA2突变的患者而言,新辅助化疗方案在紫杉+低剂量阿霉素+贝伐单抗的基础上加入卡铂,可以获益更多。

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1865027, encodeId=acf8186502ece, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=16ce133504e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Oncol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13350, encryptionId=16ce133504e, topicName=Oncol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b63894, createdName=minlingfeng, createdTime=Thu Jan 18 01:17:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1678527, encodeId=10e316e8527dc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=110c5869153' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新辅助#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58691, encryptionId=110c5869153, topicName=新辅助)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=941f27706894, createdName=charl1234576, createdTime=Wed Mar 21 18:17:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1423298, encodeId=9dcc142329807, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=504c368e51' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRCA1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3687, encryptionId=504c368e51, topicName=BRCA1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7a3d3767712, createdName=caobinglei8080, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 12:17:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1518975, encodeId=667a15189e583, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=da4e368832' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRCA1/2#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3688, encryptionId=da4e368832, topicName=BRCA1/2)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=63ce11226326, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 12:17:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1594010, encodeId=440a1594010c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=63cc368459' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRCA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3684, encryptionId=63cc368459, topicName=BRCA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 12:17:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223831, encodeId=9e2f223831ac, content=非常棒的研究,开阔眼界,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aadd1680584, createdName=蔬菜, createdTime=Wed Jul 19 09:09:55 CST 2017, time=2017-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223648, encodeId=4f09223648a9, content=学习了分享了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=387d1660055, createdName=dhzzm, createdTime=Tue Jul 18 21:55:15 CST 2017, time=2017-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-20 fangcong
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1865027, encodeId=acf8186502ece, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=16ce133504e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Oncol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13350, encryptionId=16ce133504e, topicName=Oncol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b63894, createdName=minlingfeng, createdTime=Thu Jan 18 01:17:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1678527, encodeId=10e316e8527dc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=110c5869153' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新辅助#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58691, encryptionId=110c5869153, topicName=新辅助)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=941f27706894, createdName=charl1234576, createdTime=Wed Mar 21 18:17:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1423298, encodeId=9dcc142329807, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=504c368e51' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRCA1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3687, encryptionId=504c368e51, topicName=BRCA1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7a3d3767712, createdName=caobinglei8080, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 12:17:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1518975, encodeId=667a15189e583, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=da4e368832' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRCA1/2#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3688, encryptionId=da4e368832, topicName=BRCA1/2)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=63ce11226326, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 12:17:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1594010, encodeId=440a1594010c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=63cc368459' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRCA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3684, encryptionId=63cc368459, topicName=BRCA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 12:17:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223831, encodeId=9e2f223831ac, content=非常棒的研究,开阔眼界,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aadd1680584, createdName=蔬菜, createdTime=Wed Jul 19 09:09:55 CST 2017, time=2017-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223648, encodeId=4f09223648a9, content=学习了分享了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=387d1660055, createdName=dhzzm, createdTime=Tue Jul 18 21:55:15 CST 2017, time=2017-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-20 智智灵药
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1865027, encodeId=acf8186502ece, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=16ce133504e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Oncol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13350, encryptionId=16ce133504e, topicName=Oncol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b63894, createdName=minlingfeng, createdTime=Thu Jan 18 01:17:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1678527, encodeId=10e316e8527dc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=110c5869153' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新辅助#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58691, encryptionId=110c5869153, topicName=新辅助)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=941f27706894, createdName=charl1234576, createdTime=Wed Mar 21 18:17:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1423298, encodeId=9dcc142329807, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=504c368e51' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRCA1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3687, encryptionId=504c368e51, topicName=BRCA1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7a3d3767712, createdName=caobinglei8080, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 12:17:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1518975, encodeId=667a15189e583, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=da4e368832' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRCA1/2#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3688, encryptionId=da4e368832, topicName=BRCA1/2)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=63ce11226326, createdName=fangcong, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 12:17:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1594010, encodeId=440a1594010c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=63cc368459' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BRCA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3684, encryptionId=63cc368459, topicName=BRCA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Thu Jul 20 12:17:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223831, encodeId=9e2f223831ac, content=非常棒的研究,开阔眼界,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aadd1680584, createdName=蔬菜, createdTime=Wed Jul 19 09:09:55 CST 2017, time=2017-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223648, encodeId=4f09223648a9, content=学习了分享了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=387d1660055, createdName=dhzzm, createdTime=Tue Jul 18 21:55:15 CST 2017, time=2017-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-19 蔬菜

    非常棒的研究,开阔眼界,学习了

    0

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    2017-07-18 dhzzm

    学习了分享了

    0

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JAMA Oncol:年轻乳腺癌患者的BRCA基因突变检测逐年增多

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最近的一项研究表明,年轻乳腺癌患者接受BRCA突变基因检测的比例在提高。目前美国国家综合癌症网络(NCCN)指南推荐所有≤45岁乳腺癌女性进行BRCA检测,即使在已知其他风险因素的情况下。 本项多中心前瞻性队列研究纳入了1126名≤40岁的乳腺癌患者。大多数的参与者(85%)教育程度在大学或以上,99%的人有保险。约87%的女性报告说他们在诊断乳腺癌、调查后1年内检测了BRCA基因突变;并且

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大约8名女性中就有一人将在她的一生当中患上浸润性乳腺癌。这可能是使用人工合成性激素和其他环境因子导致的,也可能是BRCA1基因等发生突变导致的。平均而言,BRCA1基因发生突变的女性有高达87%的风险患上乳腺癌。截至目前,预防性手术切除是显著降低乳腺癌风险的唯一方法,但是这也经常伴随着术后并发症。2010年,奥地利科学院分子生物技术研究所(IMBA)科学主任Josef Penninger和他的

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